That '70s Show

That '70s Show
Created by	Mark Brazill Bonnie Turner Terry Turner
Starring	Topher Grace (1998–2005) Mila Kunis Ashton Kutcher (1998–2005) Danny Masterson Laura Prepon Wilmer Valderrama Debra Jo Rupp Kurtwood Smith Tanya Roberts (1998–2001) Don Stark Lisa Robin Kelly (1998–2003) Tommy Chong (1999–2002, 2005–2006) Josh Meyers (2005–2006)
Opening theme	"In the Street" performed by Cheap Trick & Ben Vaughn, written by Alex Chilton and Chris Bell
Country of origin	United States
No. of seasons	8
No. of episodes	200 (list of episodes)
Production
Production locations	Point Place, Wisconsin
Running time	22 minutes (approximate)
Original release
Network	FOX
Release	August 23, 1998 – May 18, 2006

That '70s Show is an American television sitcom that centers on the lives of a group of teenagers living in the fictional town of Point Place, Wisconsin from May 17, 1976 to December 31, 1979. It debuted on the FOX TV network on August 23, 1998 and ran for eight consecutive seasons, concluding with the 200th and final episode airing on May 18, 2006. That '70s Show was a launching pad for the film careers of some of its stars, who were mostly unknown at the time they were cast.

Currently, the show remains syndicated around the world, including four channels in the United States (FX, ABC Family, The N, and on local channels)

Series overview

History

That '70s Show is the brainchild of 3rd Rock from the Sun creators Bonnie and Terry Turner and writer Mark Brazill. The main working title for the series was Teenage Wasteland, inspired by the lyrics of the 1971 The Who song Baba O'Riley; other names considered were The Kids Are Alright, Feelin' All Right, and Reeling in the Years, all of which are lines from popular songs of the period.

The series was commissioned by the Fox Network, and the first season premiered on August 23, 1998, with an initial order of 22 episodes (extended to 25 on January 12, 1999). The series did well, rating highly among several target demographics, including adults aged 18-49, as well as teenage viewers. In February 1999, Fox ordered a second season, and as ratings rose the following September, the network opted to renew the series for two more seasons, bringing the total to four. Continuing success saw changing time slots (Sundays to Mondays to Tuesdays to Wednesdays to Thursdays), as well as four additional seasons.

The eighth season was announced to be the final season of the show on January 17, 2006, and the final episode was filmed a month later, on February 17, 2006. "That '70s Finale" originally aired on May 18, 2006.

Characters

Set in the United States That '70s Show depicts the life of six teenagers Eric Forman (Topher Grace) a skinny teenager who loves Star Wars ; Donna Pinciotti (Laura Prepon) his girlfriend and next-door neighbor; Steven Hyde (Danny Masterson), Eric's best friend and a rebellious recreational drug user who eventually moved in with the Formans after his mother abandoned him; Michael Kelso (Ashton Kutcher), a dim-witted ladies' man; Jackie Burkhart (Mila Kunis), a self-involved high school cheerleader overly preoccupied with wealth and social status; and Fez (an acronym that stands for Foreign Exchange Student), played by Wilmer Valderrama, from a country that is never identified

Relationships among the teens are explored, the primary focus being between Eric and Donna, who are the responsible ones, as evidenced in episodes such as "Dine and Dash." Their relationship sharply contrasts with the on-again, off-again relationship between Kelso and Jackie, who were usually portrayed as mutually obsessed despite their arguments and denials of love to spite one another. In both relationships, the couples have harsh disagreements, but come to terms with their differences. Jackie subsequently moved on to Hyde and later Fez as the series progressed.

Other main characters include Eric's overbearing father, Red (Kurtwood Smith), veteran of World War II and the Korean War, his nice, yet overbearing mother Kitty (Debra Jo Rupp), who is struggling to be a caring mom and housewife while working as a nurse in a local hospital, and his older sister Laurie (Lisa Robin Kelly, 1998-2003 and Christina Moore, 2003-2004), whose promiscuity is the butt of many jokes by the teenagers but does not deter Kelso from making moves on her. The show also depicts the relationship of Midge and Bob Pinciotti (Tanya Roberts and Don Stark), Donna's dim-witted parents, both of whom are easily influenced by the 1970s movements and fads, which places occasional stress on their marriage. Tommy Chong appeared as a frequently recurring character, Leo, the aging hippie owner of the Fotohut.

Eric Forman and Michael Kelso were written out of the series after the seventh season, as actors Topher Grace and Ashton Kutcher were to star in movies to be filmed during the eighth season. (Grace in Spider-Man 3 and Kutcher in The Guardian). Kelso appears in the first four episodes of the eighth season (with Kutcher credited as a special guest star) before moving to Chicago. Longtime character Leo returned with a more prominent role to help fill the gap. Eric Forman was originally supposed to be replaced by his new friend Charlie, played by Bret Harrison, but the character was killed off after the actor was offered a lead role for the show Reaper. A new character named Randy Pearson, played by Josh Meyers, was introduced to take Eric Forman's place. Another new character, Samantha, played by Judy Tylor, was added to the cast as Hyde's wife for nine episodes, but both she and Meyers had their roles minimalized following a negative response from the fans over the season's new characters. Both Eric and Kelso returned for the series' final episode. The location of the show's introduction was also changed from Eric's 1969 Vista Cruiser to the "Circle."

Cast

Actor/Actress	Character name	Years credited as regular cast
Topher Grace	Eric Forman	1998–20051
Mila Kunis	Jackie Burkhart	1998–2006
Danny Masterson	Steven Hyde	1998–2006
Ashton Kutcher	Michael Kelso	1998–20062
Laura Prepon	Donna Pinciotti	1998–2006
Wilmer Valderrama	Fez	1998–2006
Kurtwood Smith	Red Forman	1998–2006
Debra Jo Rupp	Kitty Forman	1998–2006
Don Stark	Bob Pinciotti	1998–2006
Tanya Roberts	Midge Pinciotti	1998–2001
Lisa Robin Kelly	Laurie Forman	1998–20033
Tommy Chong	Leo Chingkwake	2001–2002, 2005–20064
Josh Meyers	Randy Pearson	2005–20065

• _{1. Made an uncredited appearance in the series finale.}

• _{2. Was present in a recurring role in the eighth season.}

• _{3. Was present in a recurring role in the first-sixth seasons.}

• _{4. Was present in a recurring role in the second, third and seventh season.}

• _{5. Didn't appear in the first episode of season eight, guest starred in the second episode and joined the main cast as well as the opening credits in the third.}

Elements of the show

The Seventies

File:That 70s Show - Who Wants It More?.jpg

An example of the show's use of split screen.

The show gained recognition during its first season for providing a bold retrospective of a decade full of political events and technological milestones that have dramatically shaped today's world. The show tackled significant social issues of the times, such as feminism and progressive sexual attitudes and the reaction of the Greatest Generation to their burgeoning influence; the economic hardships of recession; mistrust in the American government among blue-collar workers; teenage drug use; and developments in entertainment technology, from the television remote ("the clicker") to the video game Pong.

Beginning with the second season of the show, the series' theme changed dramatically, and 1970s current events no longer had a significant bearing on the plot of the series. Successive seasons focused less and less on the socio-political aspects of the story, to the point that the decade simply became a backdrop against which the storylines unfolded. The dynamic of the relationship between Eric Foreman and Donna Pinciotti, which was the focal point of the series through most of its run, was dramatically altered in later seasons to more closely resemble the relationships of other "power couples" on teen dramas, removing the emphasis on their awkward attempts to reconcile their conservative upbringings with their desire to have a "progressive" relationship founded on 1970s values. Likewise, the first season of the show featured a recurring, non-comedic storyline in which the Foreman family was in constant danger of losing their home due to Red's hours being cut back at the auto parts plant where he worked. Recurring storylines in later seasons, even when they carried dramatic elements, were always presented as comedic.

Dream sequences

Signature elements of That '70s Show include surreal, sometimes elaborate, dream sequences to depict various characters' vivid imaginations or dreams, some of which include references to or parodies of fads and films of the time, such as Star Wars, Rocky, and Grease.

In early dream sequences, the characters who were dreamt of were talking with voices of those who were imagining the scene. In That '70s Pilot, for instance, as the boys imagine the party scene, the partying adults speak with their voices. This was soon phased out.

Sometimes, those who imagine scenes are heard narrating them, but even if they don't, the other characters perceive them (which means those who imagine tell them what they are dreaming about while we get to see the scene). In the episode "Stone Cold Crazy", Jackie even mentioned she liked the song which was playing in Fez's dream sequence. Such scenes are usually introduced by the wabbling screen transition. Sometimes, the transition is absent when the characters imagining the scene believe those scenes are real (for example, Eric's dream about Donna in "Eric's Birthday" or Jackie's dream about Hyde proposing in "It's All Over Now").

In the 100th episode "That '70s Musical", all singing scenes were Fez's dream sequences.

The Circle

The "Circle" was used primarily to illustrate the teens' marijuana use, usually in Eric Forman's basement.

Another signature element are "The Circle" scenes, in which a group of characters sitting in a circle engage in a conversation, the camera swinging around in a circular motion to each successive individual as he or she speaks. It was primarily used as a means for conveying to the audience that characters were under the influence of marijuana.

To prevent any issues with standards and practices, characters never spoke the word "marijuana" or any slang term for it ("weed," "dope") unless it carried negative connotations; positive references to marijuana always used vague, broad terms such as "stuff" or "stash." However, a creative problem arose from attempting to demonstrate the the characters were under the influence of drugs without blatantly depicting its effects. The characters erratic behavior during "Circle" scenes, combined with the rapid swinging of the camera and the presence of great quantities of smoke and incense in the background, allowed the inclusion of recreational drug use in the show without the need to constantly address it. As the series progressed, the circle became one of the series' defining features, and it was quickly adopted by the shows' writers as a narrative technique to streamline the flow of dialog even in non-drug influenced scenes.

Timeline

The creators had wanted the show to have a 1970s "feel" from the beginning, and so opted to set the series later in the decade, when trends and political ideologies had become firmly established and disseminated. The idea that the duration of the series would carry socio-political undertones also necessitated a chain of social events which could influence the characters. Thus, 1976 was chosen, which allowed episodes set within a short time frame to address streaking, the Equal Rights Amendment, the 1973 Oil Crisis, and Richard Nixon's presidency, all of which were culturally influencing events that occurred over the spanse of several years earlier in the decade. The shift to 1977 during the last half of the first season also allowed the inclusion of a Star Wars episode as a ratings tactic, as its premier airing roughly coincided with the box office debut of Star Wars: The Phantom Menace.

Throughout the show, every episode opened with title cards stating the season/month and year (example: Late Spring, 1977 or June, 1977). From the premier onward, the year in which the episode took place could be determined by the registration tags on Eric's Vista Cruiser at the end of the opening credits and the end of the closing credits.

The show was set in May 1976 upon its August 23, 1998 premiere. After twelve episodes, the series transitioned to 1977. The 23rd episode, "Grandma's Dead," was also set in 1976, because it was supposed to be the season finale of Season 1. The show remained in 1977 for the next two seasons. Near the end of the third season, the series transitioned to 1978 until early in the sixth season. The remaining episodes took place in 1979, and the series finale abruptly ends during a New Year's Eve party as the characters reach "one" during a countdown to January 1st, 1980. At this part, the license plate shown at the beginning and end of every episode has a sticker that says "80," for the year 1980.

The show's unexpected longevity (it was the only series to debut on Fox in 1998 to survive cancellation) combined with the first season jump to 1977 necessitated a slow-down of the series' time line, which over time proved problematic from a narrative standpoint: Nearly every season featured a Thanksgiving and/or Christmas episode, and the teenaged actors playing high-school aged characters all aged into their mid-twenties by the time their characters graduated high school after five seasons. As the series time line sped up and slowed down with more rapidity near the series' climax, the time line necessitated that several major events depicted as having occurred months apart would have in fact happened within weeks or even days of one another.

British remake

In 1999, the show was remade by the British ITV network as Days Like These using almost verbatim scripts with minor changes to cultural references. The show failed to attract an audience and was removed from the schedules after 10 of the 13 episodes were broadcast. The remaining three episodes were shown in later reruns.

International broadcasts of US version

Country	Channel	Notes	Foreign Title
Canada	VRAK.TV	In French	70
Canada	FOX, Global TV, CH	As the US television station FOX is available in Canada, Canadians were able to watch the series for its entire run on that network. In addition, seasons 1-7 aired on Global TV, while season 8 aired on Global-owned CH. It also aired on latenight on Global in markets where CH isn't available.
UK	Trouble
UK	Paramount Comedy
UK	Virgin 1
UK	MTV One
UK	Bravo 2
UK	VH1
UK	Channel 5
Ireland	RTÉ Two
Ireland	Channel 6
Spain	Paramount Comedy, Antena.neox and Localia		Aquellos Maravillosos 70 (Those Wonderful Seventies)
Asia	Star World	First started airing in 2000, every Monday nights from 8:00-8:30pm for a few months, then are replaced by other shows in the same block in while later seasons are acquired.
Philippines	Jack TV	Although ABC 5 aired Season 1 in 2002 (not in order), Jack TV took the lead and started airing all seasons in 2006.
Poland	Polsat		Różowe lata siedemdziesiąte
Netherlands	Comedy Central
Denmark	TV2 Zulu		Dengang i 70'erne
Norway	TV2		That 70's Show
Romania	Naţional TV		www.rebelii.70
Australia	Seven Network	First Run
Mexico	Canal 5		El show de los '70
Australia	111 Hits	7:30 Weeknights
Middle East	MBC4,dubai channel ONE , SHOWtime comedy channel	subtitled to Arabic, aired several times in the region
Latin America	Sony Entertainment Television
Brazil	Rede 21	Until 2006
Brazil	Rede Bandeirantes
Republic of Macedonia	Sitel
Estonia	ETV		Kuumad seitsmekümnendad
Finland	Nelonen		70's Show
New Zealand	TV 2	Now airing on rival station TV3 (see below)
New Zealand	TV3
Belgium	2BE
France	France 2
France	Comédie!
France	NRJ12
Germany	Kabel 1	Last two seasons didn't air until August 2008.	Die wilden Siebziger (Those Wild '70s)
Sweden	TV4		That 70's Show
Serbia	B92		Vesele sedamdesete
Slovenia	Kanal A
Slovakia	Markíza	Aired first four seasons dubbed in Slovak.	Tie roky 70
Montenegro	Atlas TV
Croatia	Nova TV		Lude sedamdesete (Crazy 70s)
Bulgaria	GTV
Turkey	TV8,ComedySmart
Colombia	Canal Capital
Israel	Hot 3, Star World, HOT VOD		Shnot HaShivim (The Seventies)
Portugal	TVI		Que loucura de família
Bosnia and Herzegovina	OBN		Lude 70 (Crazy 70)
Venezuela	Televen
Netherlands	Comedy Central Netherlands		That '70s Show

Theme song

The show usually opens with the theme song, "In the Street," by Alex Chilton and Chris Bell of the band Big Star. It was initially sung by Todd Griffin, but beginning with the second season, the song was performed by the band Cheap Trick, whose version is referred to as "That '70s Song (In the Street)." In a Rolling Stone magazine article in 2000, Chilton thought it was ironic that he is paid $70 in royalties each time the show is aired.

According to the official That '70s Show website, during the first season, at the end of the opening song, Danny Masterson (Steven Hyde) yells "Hello Wisconsin!" Rick Nielsen (lead guitarist/songwriter for Cheap Trick) takes over this job in all other seasons. The lyrics were also slightly different during the first season, with instead of "We're all alright!" being shouted twice (a reference to Cheap Trick's 1978 single "Surrender"), "Whooa yeah!" is heard. The first season's theme was also in the key of G, whereas in subsequent seasons it was lowered to the key of D. The exception to this is the episode "Class Picture" from series IV, during which the arrangement in G is used over a yearbook page viewing sequence.

Alternate holiday versions of the theme song were arranged for Halloween, Christmas and musical specials, using organ music and bells, respectively.

Soundtracks

Several prominent songs from the decade can be heard on the series, and two soundtracks were released in 1999. The first is a collection of funk, soul and disco. The second is a collection of AOR songs.

• That '70s Album (Jammin')
• That '70s Album (Rockin')

U.S. ratings

Season		Episodes	Premiere	Season finale	U.S. ratings
1	1998-1999	25	August 23, 1998	July 26, 1999	11.7 million (49th place)
2	1999-2000	26	September 28, 1999	May 22, 2000	9.06 million (66th place)
3	2000-2001	25	October 3, 2000	May 22, 2001	—(65th place)
4	2001-2002	27	September 25, 2001	May 21, 2002	9.1 million (67th place)
5	2002-2003	25	August 30, 2002	May 14, 2003	10.06 million (54th place)
6	2003-2004	25	October 29, 2003	May 19, 2004	10.04 million (49th place)
7	2004-2005	25	September 8, 2004	May 18, 2005	7.0 million (85th place)
8	2005-2006	22	November 2, 2005	May 18, 2006	5.8 million (103rd place)

DVD releases

Main article: That '70s Show DVDs

Production team

• Mark Brazill - Creator/Executive producer
• Bonnie Turner - Creator/Executive producer
• Bonnie and Terry Turner - Creator/Executive producer
• Marcy Carsey - Executive producer (Carsey-Werner Productions)
• Jackie Filgo - Executive producer
• Jeff Filgo - Executive producer
• Caryn Mandabach - Executive producer
• Tom Werner - Executive producer (Carsey-Werner Productions)
• Ben Vaughn - Composer
• Jeff Sudakin - Co-composer (season 2-4)
• David Trainer - Director
• Timothy Ryder - Editor

See also

• List of That '70s Show episodes
• List of recurring characters of That '70s Show
• Point Place
• Days Like These
• That '80s Show

External links

• Official website
• That '70s Show at IMDb
• Template:Tv.com show
• The That '70s Show Wiki - known as Groovypedia