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demographics
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|capital=Zalău
|capital=Zalău
|ind=SJ
|ind=SJ
|population=248,015
|population=242,854
|asof=2002
|asof=2008
|density=64
|density=64
|area=3,864
|area=3,864
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==Geography==
==Geography==
Sălaj county has a total area of 3,864 km².
Sălaj county has a total area of 3,864.38 km².


It lies in the area between the [[Apuseni Mountains]] and the [[Eastern Carpathians]] known as the Someş River Platform. The county is crossed by the [[Someş River]]. Some of the smaller rivers who flow through the county are: [[Crasna River (Tisza)|Crasna River]], [[Barcău River (Criş)|Barcău]], [[Almaş River|Almaş]], [[Agrij River|Agrij]] and [[Sălaj River|Sălaj]].
It lies in the area between the [[Apuseni Mountains]] and the [[Eastern Carpathians]] known as the Someş River Platform. The county is crossed by the [[Someş River]]. Some of the smaller rivers who flow through the county are: [[Crasna River (Tisza)|Crasna River]], [[Barcău River (Criş)|Barcău]], [[Almaş River|Almaş]], [[Agrij River|Agrij]] and [[Sălaj River|Sălaj]].
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==Demographics==
==Demographics==
In 2002, it had a population of 248,015 and the [[population density]] was 64/km².
In 2002, it had a population of 248,015 and the [[population density]] was 64/km². Majority of the population lived in rural area (60,3%) and 39,7% lived in four cities: [[Zalău]], [[Şimleu Silvaniei]], [[Jibou]], and [[Cehu Silvaniei]].


*[[Romanians]] - 71.6%<ref>National Institute of Statistics, ''[http://www.recensamant.ro/pagini/tabele/t40a.pdf "Populaţia după etnie"]''</ref>
*[[Romanians]] - 71.6%<ref>National Institute of Statistics, ''[http://www.recensamant.ro/pagini/tabele/t40a.pdf "Populaţia după etnie"]''</ref>
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|230,140
|230,140
|-
|-
|1930
|December 29, 1930
|343.347
|343.347
|-
|-
| 1948
| January 25, 1948
| 262,580
| 262,580
|-
|-
| 1956
| February 21, 1956
| 271,989
| 271,989
|-
|-
| 1966
| March 15, 1966
| 263,103
| 263,103
|-
|-
| 1977
| January 5, 1977
| 264,569
| 264,569
|-
|-
| 1992
| 1990
| 268,776
|-
| January 7, 1992
| 266,797
| 266,797
|-
|-
|1995
| 2002
|262,873
⚫
| 248,015
|-
| March 18, 2002
⚫
| 248,015
|-
| 2003
| 249,194
|-
| 2005
| 245,638
|-
| January 1, 2006
| 246,413
|-
| July 1, 2006
| 244,952
|-
| July 1, 2007
| 243,157
|-
| January 1, 2008
| 242,854
|}
|}


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According to 1930 census, the county had a population of 343.347 people, of which 56,2% Romanians, 31,4% Hungarians, 4,7% Germans, 3,9% Jews ş.a; after confesional criteria: 52,6% Greek Catholics, 25,4% Protestants, 12,2% Roman Catholics, 4,0% Jews, 4,4% Orthodox.
According to 1930 census, the county had a population of 343.347 people, of which 56,2% Romanians, 31,4% Hungarians, 4,7% Germans, 3,9% Jews ş.a; after confesional criteria: 52,6% Greek Catholics, 25,4% Protestants, 12,2% Roman Catholics, 4,0% Jews, 4,4% Orthodox.


On July 1, 1995, the county had a population of 262,873 inhabitants of which 70,932 in [[Zalău]].
On July 1, 1995, the county had a population of 262,873 inhabitants of which 70,932 in [[Zalău]].

In 2005, Sălaj county has 245,638 inhabitants (120,278 men and 125,360 women). According to INSSE, on July 1, 2007, the population of Sălaj county was 243,157 inhabitants, of which 99,353 urban population and 143,804 rural population.


==Tourism==
==Tourism==
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* [[Alexandru Koller]]
* [[Alexandru Koller]]
* [[George Pop de Basesti]]
* [[George Pop de Basesti]]
* Iulian Andrei Domşa, prefect of Sălaj County and mayor in [[Zalău]] in the 20th century


==Administrative divisions==
==Administrative divisions==
The county has one municipality, 3 towns and 57 communes.
The county has one municipality, 3 towns and 57 communes and 281 villages.


===Municipality===
===Municipality===
* [[Zalău]] - capital city; population: 71,580
* [[Zalău]] - capital city [population: 64,123 (July 1, 2006), 63,860 (January 1, 2008)]


===Towns===
===Towns===
* [[Cehu Silvaniei]]
* [[Şimleu Silvaniei]], 16,325 inhabitants (July 1, 2006)
* [[Jibou]]
* [[Jibou]], 11,457 inhabitants (July 1, 2006)
* [[Şimleu Silvaniei]]
* [[Cehu Silvaniei]], 8,199 inhabitants (July 1, 2006)


===Communes===
===Communes===
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== External links ==
== External links ==
* {{ro}} http://www.salaj.insse.ro/main.php
* {{ro}} and {{en}} http://www.insse.ro/cms/files/pdf/ro/cap2.pdf
* {{en}} http://circa.europa.eu/irc/dsis/regportraits/info/data/ro066_geo.htm
* {{en}} http://circa.europa.eu/irc/dsis/regportraits/info/data/ro066_geo.htm
* {{ro}} http://www.flickr.com/photos/mipepitoida/2869382695/
* {{ro}} http://www.flickr.com/photos/mipepitoida/2869382695/

Revision as of 03:58, 6 February 2009

Sălaj
Population
242,854
Sălaj County Map
Wooden Church of Fildu de Sus was built in 1727
Interior from wooden church of Poiana Onţii, Sălaj County
Şimleu Silvaniei City
Zalău City Downtown
The main square in Zalău
The main square in Zalău
King of Poland between 1576-1586, Stephen Báthory of Poland was born in Sălaj County
Simion Bărnuţiu was a famous Transylvanian, born in Bocşa, Sălaj
Statue of Miklós Wesselényi built in 1902 in Zalău by János Fadrusz
File:Archeology in Giurtelecu Simleului in 1950s.jpg
An archaeological report in Sălaj County
File:Poroportapretoria.JPG
The reconstructed gateway of the castrum in Porolissum
Roman relics displayed at Zalău
Calvinist church in Zalău was built in 1703
Former Greek Catholic Church was built in 1936
A district in Zalău

Sălaj (IPA: [sə.'laʒ], Hungarian: Szilágy) is a county (judeţ) of Romania, in the historical region Transylvania, with the capital city at Zalău.

Geography

Sălaj county has a total area of 3,864.38 km².

It lies in the area between the Apuseni Mountains and the Eastern Carpathians known as the Someş River Platform. The county is crossed by the Someş River. Some of the smaller rivers who flow through the county are: Crasna River, Barcău, Almaş, Agrij and Sălaj.

From a geographical point of view Salaj county is a zone of hills and depressions along the rivers Almaş, Agrij, Someş River, Sălaj, Crasna River and Barcău River. The mountains are represented in the south-west by two northern ramifications of the Eastern Carpathians: the Meses and Plopis peaks. Depressions cover an important part of the county’s territory and are important agricultural zones with numerous human settlements.

Neighbours

Sălaj county borders on Satu Mare and Maramures counties to the North, Bihor county to the West and South-West and Cluj county to the South-West.

Climate

As for climate, Salaj county is under the influence of masses of air coming from the east having a moderate continental climate. The average annual temperature varies between 6°C and 9°C, depending on the zone while the highest temperature, in July, varies between 15°C and 20°C. Rainfalls quantitatively decrease towards the west where 700-800 ml/sq.m were recorded.

Demographics

In 2002, it had a population of 248,015 and the population density was 64/km². Majority of the population lived in rural area (60,3%) and 39,7% lived in four cities: Zalău, Şimleu Silvaniei, Jibou, and Cehu Silvaniei.

Year County population[2]
1880 159,872
1890 180,145
1900 193,996
1910 230,140
December 29, 1930 343.347
January 25, 1948 262,580
February 21, 1956 271,989
March 15, 1966 263,103
January 5, 1977 264,569
1990 268,776
January 7, 1992 266,797
1995 262,873
March 18, 2002 248,015
2003 249,194
2005 245,638
January 1, 2006 246,413
July 1, 2006 244,952
July 1, 2007 243,157
January 1, 2008 242,854

In 1910, county had a population of 230,140 people. Population by language:

  • Romanian = 136,087
  • Hungarian = 87,312
  • Slovak = 3,727

According to 1930 census, the county had a population of 343.347 people, of which 56,2% Romanians, 31,4% Hungarians, 4,7% Germans, 3,9% Jews ş.a; after confesional criteria: 52,6% Greek Catholics, 25,4% Protestants, 12,2% Roman Catholics, 4,0% Jews, 4,4% Orthodox.

On July 1, 1995, the county had a population of 262,873 inhabitants of which 70,932 in Zalău.

In 2005, Sălaj county has 245,638 inhabitants (120,278 men and 125,360 women). According to INSSE, on July 1, 2007, the population of Sălaj county was 243,157 inhabitants, of which 99,353 urban population and 143,804 rural population.

Tourism

The 77 wooden churches (the XVI-XIXth century) place this county among the first ones, with the Maramures county, as a such valuable historic and folk architectural monuments.

The main tourist attractions in the county are:

Economy

The predominant industries in the county are:

  • Machine and automotive components
  • Food
  • Textiles
  • Wood, furniture and paper

History

Paintings dating back 12,000 years were discovered on the walls of a cave in Cuciulat, a settlement on the banks of the Someş River. They are the oldest paintings of the kind in this part of Europe. The oldest solid gold treasury ever unearthed in Romania, weighing 780 gr. and belonging to the Neolithic, was found in Sălaj at Moigrad.

Lying in the north-western part of Romania, at the crossing between the Western and Eastern Carpathians, Sălaj county has been known since ancient times as Tara Silvaniei, that is the Land of the Forests. Zalău was known as a market town as early as the 14th century and mentioned in a document as a town in 1473.

Under Austria Hungary

Main article: Szilágy

Sălaj County (Hungarian: Szilágy) was formed in 1876, when the counties Kraszna (its center was Valkóváralja at first, later Szilágysomlyó) and Közép-Szolnok (Its center was Zilah) were united. Its territory is for a large part the same as that of the present Romanian county Sălaj County. Its area was 3815 km² around 1910. The capital of the county was Zilah (present-day Zalău in Romania).

In 1918 (confirmed by the Treaty of Trianon 1920), the county became part of Romania. It was occupied by Hungary between 1940-1944 during World War II. Most of it is now part of the Romanian county Sălaj County, except some areas in the north-west (presently in Satu Mare county) and north-east (presently in Maramureş county).

During the Kingdom of Romania, Sălaj County was divided in 8 plăşi (Plasa Carei, Plasa Cehu Silvaniei, Plasa Crasna, Plasa Jibou, Plasa Şimleu Silvaniei, Plasa Tăşnad, Plasa Valea lui Mihai and Plasa Zălau.

Notable residents

Administrative divisions

The county has one municipality, 3 towns and 57 communes and 281 villages.

Municipality

  • Zalău - capital city [population: 64,123 (July 1, 2006), 63,860 (January 1, 2008)]

Towns

Communes

Villages

Works

  • Petri Mór, Szilágy vármegye monographiája [Sălaj County Monography] (I-VI, Budapest, 1901-1904).
  • János Kovács Kuruc, Zilah vallási életéről, In: Limes, 2000, 3, nr. 1-2, p.138-143.
  • Éva Lakóné Hegyi; Wagner, Ernő. A zilahi kalandosok, In: EM, 2001, 63, nr. 1-2, p.30-41.
  • Florin Mirghesiu, Modernitatea Zalăului. In: AMPZ, 2001, 2, nr. 4, p.11-19.
  • Moroti, Elisabeta. Scurtă privire istorică asupra dezvoltării economice a oraşului Zalău, In: AMPZ, 2001, 2, nr. 4, p.36-39.
  • Municipiul Zalău. Prezentare. In: AMPZ, 2002, 3, nr. 7-8, p.154-161.
  • Elena Muscă, Meşteşugari zălăuani şi locul lor în structurile administraţiei publice locale, In: AMP, 2003, 25, p.325-332.
  • L. Nicoară; Puşcaş, Angelica. Rolul municipiului Zalău în zona de contact dintre depresiunea Transilvaniei şi Dealurile de Vest, In: Studia geogr., 1999, 44, nr. 1, p.99-112.

References

  1. ^ National Institute of Statistics, "Populaţia după etnie"
  2. ^ National Institute of Statistics, "Populaţia la recensămintele din anii 1948, 1956, 1966, 1977, 1992 şi 2002"
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