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Coordinates: 37°36′48″N 122°21′52″W / 37.61333°N 122.36444°W / 37.61333; -122.36444
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'''Asiana Airlines Flight 214''' was a scheduled transpacific [[airliner|passenger flight]] from [[Incheon International Airport]], South Korea, that crashed on [[final approach (aviation)|final approach]] to [[San Francisco International Airport]], United States, on July 6, 2013. Of the 307 people (291 passengers and 16 crew) aboard the [[Asiana Airlines]] [[Boeing 777-200ER]], two passengers died at the crash scene (one from injuries sustained in the crash, one from being run over by a fire truck) and a third died in a hospital several days later. 181 others were injured, about 13 of them critically. Among the injured were three flight attendants thrown in their seats onto the runway when the aircraft tail hit the [[seawall]] in front of runway 28L.
'''Asiana Airlines Flight 214''' was a scheduled transpacific [[airliner|passenger flight]] from [[Incheon International Airport]], South Korea, that crashed on [[final approach (aviation)|final approach]] to [[San Francisco International Airport]], United States, on July 6, 2013. Of the 307 people (291 passengers and 16 crew) aboard the [[Asiana Airlines]] [[Boeing 777-200ER]], two passengers died at the crash scene (one from injuries sustained in the crash, one from being run over by a fire truck) and a third died in a hospital several days later. 181 others were injured, about 13 of them critically. Among the injured were three flight attendants thrown in their seats onto the runway when the aircraft tail hit the [[seawall]] in front of runway 28L.

This is the second crash of a Boeing 777 and the first fatal one since the type began operating commercially in 1995.


== Aircraft ==
== Aircraft ==
Line 29: Line 27:
The Boeing 777-200ER, [[aircraft registration|registration]] HL7742,<ref name="flaware" /> was delivered new to Asiana Airlines in March 2006,<ref name="Planespotters">{{cite web|title=HL7742 Asiana Airlines Boeing 777-28E(ER) - cn 29171 / ln 553|url=http://www.planespotters.net/Production_List/Boeing/777/29171,HL7742-Asiana-Airlines.php|work=Planespotters.net|accessdate=July 6, 2013}}</ref><ref name="SkyNews">{{cite web|title=Asiana Plane Crash Lands: 'No Engine Problems'|url=http://news.sky.com/story/1112466/asiana-plane-crash-lands-no-engine-problems|work=Sky News|accessdate=July 7, 2013}}</ref> powered by two [[Pratt & Whitney]] [[Pratt & Whitney PW4000|PW4090 engines]].<ref name="YoutubeNTSB070713" /><ref name="Hartford">{{cite web|last=Stagis|first=Julie|title=Pratt & Whitney Engines Powered Asiana Airlines Plane|url=http://www.courant.com/news/breaking/hc-san-francisco-plane-pratt-0707-20130706,0,5657768.story|work=Hartford Courant|accessdate=July 7, 2013}}</ref>
The Boeing 777-200ER, [[aircraft registration|registration]] HL7742,<ref name="flaware" /> was delivered new to Asiana Airlines in March 2006,<ref name="Planespotters">{{cite web|title=HL7742 Asiana Airlines Boeing 777-28E(ER) - cn 29171 / ln 553|url=http://www.planespotters.net/Production_List/Boeing/777/29171,HL7742-Asiana-Airlines.php|work=Planespotters.net|accessdate=July 6, 2013}}</ref><ref name="SkyNews">{{cite web|title=Asiana Plane Crash Lands: 'No Engine Problems'|url=http://news.sky.com/story/1112466/asiana-plane-crash-lands-no-engine-problems|work=Sky News|accessdate=July 7, 2013}}</ref> powered by two [[Pratt & Whitney]] [[Pratt & Whitney PW4000|PW4090 engines]].<ref name="YoutubeNTSB070713" /><ref name="Hartford">{{cite web|last=Stagis|first=Julie|title=Pratt & Whitney Engines Powered Asiana Airlines Plane|url=http://www.courant.com/news/breaking/hc-san-francisco-plane-pratt-0707-20130706,0,5657768.story|work=Hartford Courant|accessdate=July 7, 2013}}</ref>
At the time of the crash, the airframe had about 36,000 flight hours and 5,000 cycles (takeoff-and-landing sets).<ref name="YoutubeNTSB070713" />
At the time of the crash, the airframe had about 36,000 flight hours and 5,000 cycles (takeoff-and-landing sets).<ref name="YoutubeNTSB070713" />
The Boeing 777 has a good reputation for safety.<ref name="Mercury stellar reputation">{{cite web|url=http://www.mercurynews.com/business/ci_23611688/boeing-777-has-sterling-reputation-among-pilots |title=Boeing 777 that crashed in SFO has a stellar reputation among pilots |publisher=Mercurynews.com |date= |accessdate=July 13, 2013}}</ref> This crash is the second of a Boeing 777 on approach to landing (previous: [[British Airways Flight 38]] in 2008) and the third [[Boeing 777 hull losses|hull loss]].
The Boeing 777 has a good reputation for safety.<ref name="Mercury stellar reputation">{{cite web|url=http://www.mercurynews.com/business/ci_23611688/boeing-777-has-sterling-reputation-among-pilots |title=Boeing 777 that crashed in SFO has a stellar reputation among pilots |publisher=Mercurynews.com |date= |accessdate=July 13, 2013}}</ref> This crash is the first fatal crash since the type began operating commercially in 1995, the second of a Boeing 777 (previous: [[British Airways Flight 38]] in 2008, also on approach to landing), and the third [[Boeing 777 hull losses|hull loss]].


== Crash ==
== Crash ==

Revision as of 05:09, 23 July 2013

Asiana Airlines Flight 214
The aircraft after the crash
Accident
DateJuly 6, 2013 (2013-07-06)
SummaryUnder investigation
SiteSan Francisco International Airport
37°36′48″N 122°21′52″W / 37.61333°N 122.36444°W / 37.61333; -122.36444
Aircraft
Aircraft typeBoeing 777-200ER
OperatorAsiana Airlines
RegistrationHL7742
Flight originIncheon International Airport, South Korea
DestinationSan Francisco International Airport, United States
Passengers291
Crew16
Fatalities3
Injuries181, about 13 critical
Survivors304

Asiana Airlines Flight 214 was a scheduled transpacific passenger flight from Incheon International Airport, South Korea, that crashed on final approach to San Francisco International Airport, United States, on July 6, 2013. Of the 307 people (291 passengers and 16 crew) aboard the Asiana Airlines Boeing 777-200ER, two passengers died at the crash scene (one from injuries sustained in the crash, one from being run over by a fire truck) and a third died in a hospital several days later. 181 others were injured, about 13 of them critically. Among the injured were three flight attendants thrown in their seats onto the runway when the aircraft tail hit the seawall in front of runway 28L.

Aircraft

The aircraft involved in the accident, HL7742, in flight in July 2011

The Boeing 777-200ER, registration HL7742,[1] was delivered new to Asiana Airlines in March 2006,[2][3] powered by two Pratt & Whitney PW4090 engines.[4][5] At the time of the crash, the airframe had about 36,000 flight hours and 5,000 cycles (takeoff-and-landing sets).[4] The Boeing 777 has a good reputation for safety.[6] This crash is the first fatal crash since the type began operating commercially in 1995, the second of a Boeing 777 (previous: British Airways Flight 38 in 2008, also on approach to landing), and the third hull loss.

Crash

On July 6, 2013, Flight 214 took off from Incheon International Airport (ICN) outside Seoul at 5:04 p.m. KST (08:04 UTC), 34 minutes after its scheduled departure time. It was scheduled to land at San Francisco International Airport (SFO) at 11:04 a.m. PDT (18:04 UTC).[7]

The flight was cleared for a visual approach to runway 28L at 11:21 a.m. PDT, and told to maintain a speed of 180 knots until the aircraft was 5 miles from the runway. At 11:26 a.m., Northern California TRACON ("NorCal") passed air traffic control to the San Francisco tower. Tower officials acknowledged the second call from the crew at 11:27:10 when the plane was about 1.5 miles away, and gave clearance to land.[8]

Weather was very good; the latest METAR reported light wind, 10 miles (16 km) visibility (the maximum it can report), no precipitation, and no forecast or reports of wind shear. The pilots performed a visual approach,[4] assisted by the runway's precision approach path indicator (PAPI).[9]

At 11:28 a.m., HL7742[1] crashed short of runway 28L's threshold. The landing gear and then the tail struck the seawall that projects into San Francisco Bay.[9][10][11][12] Both engines and the tail section separated from the aircraft.[13] The NTSB noted the main landing gear, the first part of the aircraft to hit the seawall, "separated cleanly from [the] aircraft as designed".[14] The vertical and both horizontal stabilizers fell on the runway before the threshold.

The remainder of the fuselage and wings rotated (yawed) counter-clockwise about 330 degrees as it slid westward. It came to rest to the left of the runway, about 2,000 feet (610 m) from the seawall.[15]

Approximate location of the wreckage.[15][16] The arrow indicates the general direction of flight on approach before impact
 Runway 28L 
 Runway 28L 
 Engine 
 Engine 
 Fuselage   and engine 

 Fuselage 
 and engine 
 Landing gear 
 Landing gear 
 Tail 

 Tail 
←
←
Approximate location of the wreckage.[15][16] The arrow indicates the general direction of flight on approach before impact


After a minute or so, a dark plume of smoke was observed rising from the wreckage. The fire was traced to a post-crash rupture of an oil tank above the right engine, when oil leaking from the ruptured tank fell onto the hot engine and ignited.[17] The fire that engulfed the fuselage after it came to a stop was not "a fuel-fed fire", a spokesman said.[14]

Two evacuation slides were deployed on the left side of the airliner and used for evacuation.[13][18] Despite damage to the aircraft, "many ... were able to walk away on their own".[19] The slides for the first and second doors on the right side of the aircraft (doors 1R and 2R) deployed inside the aircraft, pinning the flight attendants seated nearby.[8]

Employees of United Airlines, Asiana's partner in Star Alliance, helped survivors at the airport terminal and in area hospitals.[20]

This was the third fatal crash in Asiana's 25-year history.[21] It was the first crash of a Boeing 777 with any fatality.[22][23] It was also the first fatal passenger airliner crash in the United States since the Colgan Air Flight 3407 crash in 2009.[24]

The first officer, who had been in the cockpit, received medical treatment for a cracked rib; neither of the other pilots was admitted to the hospital.[25]

Crew and passengers

Passengers and crew[19][26]
Nationality Passengers Crew Total
 China 141 0 141
 South Korea 77 14 91
 United States 64 0 64
 Canada 3 0 3
 India 3 0 3
 Thailand 0 2 2
 France 1 0 1
 Japan 1 0 1
 Vietnam 1 0 1
 Total 291 16 307

Crew

The aircrew was three captains and one first officer. Captain Lee Jeong-min (Hangul: 이정민; Hanja: 李鄭閔), 48, filled the dual role of a check/instructor captain and pilot in command, responsible for the safe operation of the flight.[27] He was in the right seat (co-pilot position) at the time of the accident.[28] At the time of the accident, Lee Jeong-min had 12,387 hours of flying experience of which 3,220 were in a 777.[29] This was Lee Jeong-min's first flight as an instructor.[30]

Captain Lee Kang-kook (이강국; 李江鞠; variant Lee Gang-guk), 45, in the left seat (captain's position) was the pilot receiving his initial operating experience (IOE) training and was about halfway through Asiana's IOE requirements. He had 9,793 hours of flying experience of which 43 were in a 777 and was operating the controls under the supervision of the instructor in the right seat.[31][17] This was Lee Kang-kook's first landing at San Francisco in this aircraft type although he had previously landed there in a Boeing 747 and other aircraft. It was his ninth training flight in a 777[32][33][34] This was his first flight with Lee Jeong-min.[30]

At the time of the crash, relief first officer Bong Dong-won, 41, was observing from the cockpit jump seat. Relief captain Lee Jong-joo, 52, occupied a first-class seat in the passenger cabin.[17][35]

Passengers

Two people were found dead outside the aircraft soon after the crash.[18][36] Both were 16-year-old girls who held Chinese passports.[37][38] One was hit by a fire truck while she was covered in fire-fighting foam.[39] On July 19, 2013, the San Mateo County Coroner's office confirmed that the girl was still alive prior to being run over by a rescue vehicle, and was killed due to blunt force trauma.[40][41] Three of the four flight attendants seated at the rear were ejected from the aircraft when the tail section broke off; they survived.[28][42] Ten people in critical condition were admitted to San Francisco General and about three to Stanford Medical Center.[43] Nine hospitals in the area admitted a total of 182 injured.[44] San Francisco Fire Department Chief Joanne Hayes-White, after checking with two intake points at the airport, told reporters all on board had been accounted for.[45]

On July 12, 2013, San Francisco General Hospital announced that a third passenger, a 15-year-old Chinese girl, had died of her injuries.[46][47][48][49]

141 (almost half) of the passengers were Chinese. More than 90 of them took Asiana Airlines flight 362 (A330) from Shanghai Pudong International Airport, then changed to flight 214 at Incheon International Airport.[50] Seoul Incheon serves as a major connecting point between China and North America. In July 2013, Asiana Airlines operated between Seoul and 21 cities in mainland China.[51]

Seventy students and teachers traveling to the United States for summer camp were among the Chinese passengers. Thirty of the students and teachers were from Shanxi, and the others were from Zhejiang.[24] Five of the teachers and 29 of the students were from Jiangshan High School in Zhejiang; they were traveling together.[52] Thirty-five of the students were to attend a West Valley Christian School summer camp. The Shanxi students originated from Taiyuan,[53] with 22 students and teachers from the Taiyuan Number Five Secondary School and 14 students and teachers from the Taiyuan Foreign Language School.[54] One teacher received minor injuries; all three passengers who died were in the Jiangshan High School group to West Valley camp.[24][53][55][56]

Survivor and eyewitness accounts

Interior of the aircraft, after the crash, showing oxygen masks hanging from the ceiling, ready for use. The seat backs have video displays installed, and most seats are in position, some reclined, some upright. The overhead compartments are open.
The rear cabin, after the crash
The charred middle cabin, after the crash and fire

Several passengers recalled noticing the plane's unusual proximity to the Bay on final approach, which caused water to thrust upward as the engines were powered up in the final moments before impact.[24][19][57][58]

In the initial moments after the crash, the cockpit crew told flight attendants to hold off evacuating the aircraft as they were communicating with the tower. A flight attendant seated at the second door on the left side (door 2L) observed fire outside the aircraft near row 10, and informed the cockpit crew, at which point the evacuation order was given, about 90 seconds after the aircraft came to rest. Flight attendants told NTSB investigators that there was no fire inside the cabin when the evacuation began.[8]

The crew also helped several passengers who were unable to escape on their own; a pilot carried out one passenger with an injured leg. One flight attendant said that many Chinese passengers who sat at the back of the plane near the third exit were not aware of the evacuation.[59]

Smoke rising from the crash site, as seen from Terminal 1

During the evacuation, a pilot fought with an extinguisher against fire that spread from the exterior of the aircraft into the interior.[8][59]

Two of the inflatable chutes expanded into the cabin rather than outwards. The first chute, which blocked the forward right exit, nearly suffocated a flight attendant and was deflated by a pilot with a fire axe from the cockpit.[60] The second expanded toward the center of the aircraft near the fire. It pinned a second flight attendant until a co-pilot deflated it with a dinner knife.[59]

Some passengers sitting at the rear of the aircraft escaped through the hole left by the missing tail section.[61]

Eyewitnesses to the crash included the cockpit crew and many passengers aboard United Airlines flight 885 (UA 885), a Boeing 747-400 that was on taxiway F next to the runway.[62][63] Others saw it from the terminal and near the airport.[63] At least one person captured it on video.[64][65]

Immediately after the crash, the pilots of UA 885 reported seeing several survivors near the "28L" lettering at the beginning of the runway,[66] far from the final resting location of the fuselage.[67] News reports quoted an email that the first officer of UA 885, who described himself as a witness, allegedly sent to family and friends:[66][68]

I then noticed at the apparent descent rate and closure to the runway environment the aircraft looked as though it was going to impact the approach lights mounted on piers in the SF Bay. The aircraft made a fairly drastic-looking pull up in the last few feet and it appeared and sounded as if they had applied maximum thrust. However the descent path they were on continued and the thrust applied didn't appear to come soon enough to prevent impact. The tail cone and empennage of the 777 impacted the bulkhead seawall and departed the airplane and the main landing gear sheared off instantly.

— United Flight 885 first officer, Inside United Flight 885: A pilot's gripping account, Chicago Business Journal[68]

Passengers and others praised flight 214's flight attendants. San Francisco fire chief Hayes-White called cabin manager Lee Yoon-hye, who was last off the plane after the fire erupted, "a hero". "She wanted to make sure that everyone was off", the chief said.[69]

A firefighter who entered the cabin said that the back of the plane had suffered structural damage, but the seats near the front "were almost pristine" before the cabin fire.[70]

Investigation

Data recorder (left) and cockpit voice recorder (right) were recovered from the aircraft

The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) began an investigation and sent a team to the scene.[44] On July 7, 2013, NTSB investigators recovered the flight data recorder and cockpit voice recorder and transported them to Washington, D.C., for analysis.[71] Additional parties to the investigation include the Federal Aviation Administration, Boeing,[72] Pratt & Whitney, and the Korean Aviation and Railway Accident Investigation Board (ARAIB). ARAIB's technical adviser is Asiana Airlines.[28]

Preliminary findings

According to the NTSB, the weather was fair and the aircraft was cleared for a visual approach. There is no indication yet of any problem, mechanical or otherwise, with no distress calls or other problem reports during the flight,[28][19] although the agency is investigating whether a failure in the mechanics or in the crew's use of the aircraft's autothrottle system could have occurred.

The instrument landing system's vertical guidance (glide slope) on runway 28L had been scheduled to be out of service beginning June 1 (and a Notice To Airmen (NOTAM) to that effect had been issued),[73] meaning an ILS approach was not possible.

Preliminary indications suggest the plane's approach was too slow and too low. Eighty-two seconds before impact, at a pressure altitude of 1,600 feet (490 m), the autopilot was turned off, and the plane was operated manually during final descent.[74] Hersman stated "The pilots did not "set the aircraft for an auto-land situation. ... They had been cleared for a visual approach and they were hand-flying the airplane." adding: "During the approach there were statements made in the cockpit first about being above the glide path, then about being on the glide path, then later reporting about being below the glide path. All of these statements were made as they were on the approach to San Francisco." "Three seconds before the crash, someone in the cockpit called for the plane to abort the landing, or 'go around.' Then, 1.5 seconds before impact, a different crew member again called for a 'go around.'"[70] Flight 214 impacted short of the runway when the main landing gear of the aircraft hit the seawall, as the crew attempted to abort the landing and execute a go-around.[14] Based on preliminary data from the flight data recorder (FDR), the NTSB said the plane's airspeed on final approach was as much as 34 knots below its target approach speed of 137 knots (254 km/h; 158 mph). A preliminary review of FAA radar return data did not show an abnormally steep descent curve,[28][75] although the crew did recognize that they began high on the final approach.[8] At a height of about 125 feet (38 m), 8 seconds before impact, the airspeed had dropped to 112 knots (207 km/h; 129 mph). According to initial reports from the cockpit crew, the plane's autothrottle was set for the correct reference speed, but until the runway's precision approach path indicator (PAPI) showed them significantly below the glide path, the pilots were unaware the autothrottle was failing to maintain that speed. The instructor pilot stated that the PAPI indicated a deviation below the glide path at approximately 500 feet above ground level, and he attempted to correct it at that time. Between 500 and 200 feet, the instructor pilot also reported a lateral deviation which they attempted to correct.[17]

Flight 214 final approach airspeed and glide path (July 6 flight shown in red).

About 7 seconds before impact, one of the pilots called for an increase in speed.[4][76] The FDR showed that throttles were advanced at about this time as well.[28] The instructor pilot reported that he had called for an increase in speed, but that the pilot flying had already advanced the throttles by the time he reached for the throttles.[17] The sound of the stick shaker (warning of imminent stall) could be heard about 4 seconds before impact on the cockpit voice recorder.[4] Airspeed reached a minimum speed of 103 knots (191 km/h; 119 mph) (34 knots below the target speed) 3 seconds before impact, with engines at 50% power and increasing.[28] The crew called for a go-around 1.5 seconds before impact.[4] At impact, the aircraft speed had increased to 106 knots (196 km/h; 122 mph).[28][77]

NTSB Chair Deborah Hersman said that the NTSB conducted about four hours of interviews with each pilot, adding that they were open and cooperative. She said both of the pilots at the controls had ample rest, both before they left South Korea and during the flight, when they were relieved by the backup crew.[27]

All three pilots told NTSB investigators that they were relying on the 777's automated devices for speed control during final descent.[78] The relief first officer also stated to NTSB investigators that he had called out "sink rate" to call attention to the rate at which the plane was descending during the final approach.[8] The South Korean transport ministry confirmed that this "sink rate" warning was repeated several times during the last minute of the descent.[79]

The pilot flying reported initially to Korean investigators that he was blinded by a bright light at about 500 ft (35 seconds prior to impact).[8][80] The NTSB said the pilot flying did not believe the bright light affected his ability to fly the aircraft, and no reference to any light was made by the other pilots during interviews or on the cockpit voice recorder.[81][82][83][84]

The NTSB clarified that the pilot flying, in the left seat, was in a training situation and that the instructor pilot, in the right seat at the time of the crash, was the "pilot in command".[17]

The NTSB stated that there was no anomalous behavior of the engines, the autopilot, of the flight director and of the autothrottle based on the preliminary review of FDR data.[70] The autothrottle control was found to be in the "armed" position during documentation of cockpit levers and switches, differing from both the "on" and "off" positions.[8][17][85][86] Furthermore, the pilot flying's flight director was deactivated whereas the instructor pilot's was activated.[87][88] All three fire handles were extended; these operate safety equipment intended to put out fires on the aircraft (each engine and the auxiliary power unit). The speedbrake lever was down, showing it was not being used.[25]

Hersman said: "In this flight, in the last 2.5 minutes of the flight, from data on the flight data recorder we see multiple autopilot modes and multiple auto throttle modes [...] We need to understand what those modes were, if they were commanded by pilots, if they were activated inadvertently, if the pilots understood what the mode was doing."[89] Hersman has repeatedly emphasized that it is the pilot's responsibility to monitor and maintain correct approach speed[90] and that the crew's actions in the cockpit are the primary focus of the investigation.[91][92]

In response to South Korean media reports that air traffic controllers had a shift change 30 seconds before the crash, Hersman said the flight crew "received their final landing clearance 90 seconds prior to impact." When the plane crashed, "the tower actually called for the emergency and the emergency vehicles prior to the flight crew calling the tower for an emergency."[70]

In the U.S., drug and alcohol tests are standard after air accidents, but not a requirement for foreign pilots, and the Asiana pilots were not tested.[93]

The San Mateo County coroner, Robert Foucrault said on July 8 that full autopsy results would not be released for at least two or three weeks.[94][95] On July 19 it was confirmed that one of the three fatalities had died from injuries received from a responding fire truck, not from the crash itself.[41]

Criticism of NTSB by ALPA

The Air Line Pilots Association (ALPA) criticized the NTSB for releasing "incomplete, out-of-context information" that gave the impression that pilot error was entirely to blame.[86][96] NTSB Chair Hersman responded: "The information we’re providing is consistent with our procedures and processes ... One of the hallmarks of the NTSB is our transparency.[92] We work for the traveling public. There are a lot of organizations and groups that have advocates. We are the advocate for the traveling public. We believe it's important to show our work and tell people what we are doing."[97] Answering ALPA's criticism, NTSB spokeswoman Kelly Nantel also said the agency routinely provided factual updates during investigations. "For the public to have confidence in the investigative process, transparency and accuracy are critical," Nantel said.[98]

Aftermath

The airport was closed for about five hours after the crash.[9][13][18] Flights headed for San Francisco were diverted to Oakland and San Jose as well as Sacramento, Los Angeles, and Seattle.[99] By 3:30 p.m. PDT (22:30 UTC), runways 01L/19R and 01R/19L were reopened; the runway of the accident (10R/28L) and the one in parallel to it (10L/28R) remained closed.[9][18] About 24 hours later, the parallel runway (10L/28R) reopened.[100] The accident runway, 10R/28L, reopened on July 12.[101]

The crash damaged Asiana's reputation[21][102][103] and that of South Korea's aviation industry, following years of apparent improvements after a series of aircraft disasters in the 1980s and early 1990s.[34] Asiana shares fell on the first day of trading after the crash.[104]

Chinese citizens[105] and West Valley Christian School[106] mourned the loss of the two students, and Boeing offered its condolences to the families of the victims.[107][108]

Response from Asiana Airlines

In the hours after the incident, Asiana Airlines CEO Yoon Young-doo (윤영두; 尹永斗[109][110]) said the airline had ruled out mechanical failure as the cause of the crash[111] but also later defended the flight crew, indicating that they were "very experienced and competent pilots".[112][113] On July 9, Yoon arrived in San Francisco on Flight 214, the same route as the crashed aircraft, to meet with the NTSB[114] and directly apologized to the parents of the two victims prior to boarding the flight.[115] Asiana gave flights to San Francisco to the families of the victims[116] and continued to operate its Seoul–San Francisco route on schedule as Flight 214.[117]

Asiana Airlines officials said the airline would improve training for its pilots: in particular, for pilots learning to fly different types of aircraft, and in various skills such as making visual approaches and flying on autopilot.[118][119][120] Asiana officials also said they will seek to improve communications skills among crew members, introduce a system to manage "fatigue risk", set up separate maintenance teams for Boeing and Airbus planes, and improve safety management systems.[121]

Response from Korea

The Korean government has announced it will investigate whether the crew followed procedures and how they were trained, according to a Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport statement.[122]

South Korean transport ministry officials ordered Korean Air and Asiana to check engines and landing equipment on all 48 of their 777s and announced that the government would conduct special inspections on the nation's eight carriers through August 25, 2013.[123] "The measures could include [changing] rules on training flights if needed," Deputy Minister for Civil Aviation Choi Jeong-ho told reporters.[124] The officials also said South Korea had no fatal air crashes between December 1999 and the July 2011 crash of an Asiana freighter.

Lawsuits

On July 15, two Korean passengers filed a lawsuit against Asiana Airlines in a California federal court for "an extensive litany of errors and omissions" and improper crew training and supervision.[125] On the same day, the law firm Ribbeck Law Chartered began legal paperwork against Boeing in Chicago on behalf of 83 passengers over the possible failure of the autothrottle system and malfunctioning evacuation slides and seat belts.[125][126][127] The firm also hinted at additional lawsuits to come against Asiana Airlines and several airline component manufacturers.[125][126]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b "Asiana 777 (AAR214) crashes upon landing at SFO". FlightAware. July 6, 2013. Retrieved July 6, 2013.
  2. ^ "HL7742 Asiana Airlines Boeing 777-28E(ER) - cn 29171 / ln 553". Planespotters.net. Retrieved July 6, 2013.
  3. ^ "Asiana Plane Crash Lands: 'No Engine Problems'". Sky News. Retrieved July 7, 2013.
  4. ^ a b c d e f "Chairman Hersman's briefs media on Asiana flight 214, July 7, 2013 (NTSB press briefing on July 7, 2013)". NTSB. Youtube. July 7, 2013. Retrieved July 7, 2013.
  5. ^ Stagis, Julie. "Pratt & Whitney Engines Powered Asiana Airlines Plane". Hartford Courant. Retrieved July 7, 2013.
  6. ^ "Boeing 777 that crashed in SFO has a stellar reputation among pilots". Mercurynews.com. Retrieved July 13, 2013.
  7. ^ "HL-7742 - 06-Jul-2013 - RKSI / ICN - KSFO". FlightAware. Retrieved July 8, 2013.
  8. ^ a b c d e f g h "Chairman Hersman's fourth media briefing on Asiana flight 214 crash July 10, 2013 (NTSB briefing July 10, 2013)". NTSB. Youtube. July 10, 2013. Retrieved July 10, 2013.
  9. ^ a b c d Hradecky, Simon (July 7, 2013). "Accident: Asiana B772 at San Francisco on Jul 6th 2013, touched down short of the runway, broke up and burst into flames". The Aviation Herald. Retrieved July 7, 2013.
  10. ^ Arkin, Daniel (July 6, 2013). "Boeing 777 crashes while landing at San Francisco airport". NBC News. Retrieved July 6, 2013.
  11. ^ Somaiya, Ravi (July 6, 2013). "Plane Crashes on Landing in San Francisco". The New York Times. Retrieved July 6, 2013.
  12. ^ Ahlers, Mike; Botelho, Greg (July 9, 2013). "NTSB: Asiana jet's landing gear slammed into seawall at San Francisco airport". CNN. Retrieved July 9, 2013.
  13. ^ a b c "Boeing 777 plane crash-lands at San Francisco airport". BBC News. July 7, 2013. Retrieved July 7, 2013.
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