Tati language (Iran): Difference between revisions

Tati
Tati
تاتی
Native to	Iran
Region	Northwest of Iran
Native speakers	(undated figure of 220,000 Takestani); 28,000 Harzani (2000); Others shifting
Language family	Indo-European Indo-Iranian Iranian Western Northwestern II Tatic Tati; ; ; ; ; ;
Language codes
ISO 639-3	Variously:; tks – Takestani/Khalkhal; xkc – Kho'ini; hrz – Harzandi; rdb – Rudbari; esh – Eshtehardi; tov – Taromi; xkp – Kabatei
Glottolog	khoi1250 Kho'ini; rama1272 Takestani/Eshtehardi; taro1267 Taromi/Kabatei; rudb1238 Rudbari; harz1239 Harzandi
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Tati (Tati: Tâti Zobün, Template:Rtl-lang) is a group of northwestern Iranian dialects which are closely related to the Talysh language, spoken by the Tat people of Iran. Tats are a subgroup of Persians and speak a Persian dialect related to middle-Persian Pahlavi. They also claim ancestry from the Sassanid Persians.

Some sources use the term old Azari/Azeri to refer to the Tati language as it was spoken in the region before the spread of Turkic languages (see Ancient Azari language), and is now only spoken by different rural communities in Iranian Azerbaijan (such as villages in Harzanabad area, villages around Khalkhal and Ardabil), and also in Zanjan and Qazvin provinces.^{[clarification needed]}^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6]

In the field of phonetics Tati is similar to the rest of the north-western Iranian languages: it is distinguished by the persistence of Iranian *z, *s, *y-, * v- against the south-western d, h, j-, b-; development /ʒ/ < * j, */t͡ʃ/ against the south-west z, and the preservation of intervocalic and postvocalic *r and even, for a number of dialects, development rhotacism.

In the field of morphology, Tati is less analytical in structure than the south-western Iranian languages. Having lost the ancient foundations of classes and verb, tati preserved case (two case: direct, or subjective, and oblique). It is a gender-neutral language except in some name and verb formations.

Tati is an ergative language, i.e. "with transitive verbs the subject/agent of the verb is expressed by the direct case in the present tenses, but by the oblique in the past tenses, whereas the direct object/patient in the present tenses is expressed by the oblique, but by the direct in the past".^[7]

Dialects

Dialects are:^{[citation needed]}

Chāli, Tākestāni, Eshtehārdi, Khiāraji, Ebrāhim-ābādi, Sagz-ābādi, Dānesfāni, Esfarvarini, Khoznini
Kho'ini, Balbavini, Sefid-kamari, Halabi, Sa'd-ābādi
Khalkhāli, Tāromi
Harzandi, Dizmāri
Kuhpāya'i, Rudbāri, Alamuti, Taleqāni
Kiliti

Tati Dialects^[8]

English	Persian	Tākestāni Tāti	Sagzābādi Tāti	Ebrāhimābādi Tāti	Ardabilaki Tāti	Ziārāni Tāti	Tikhuri Tāti
Child	بچه bačče	zārin/bālā بالا/زارين	zāru زارو	zāru زارو	vača وچه	eyāl عيال	vača وچه
Rooftop	پشت بام pošte bām	bon بُن	bun بون	bön بون	bom بوم	bum بوم	bum بوم
Hand	دست dast	bāl بال	bāl بال	bāl بال	bāl بال	bāl بال	bāl بال
Sharp	تيز tiz	tij تيج	tij تيج	tij تيج	tij تيج	tij تيج	tij تيج
Sister	خواهر xāhar	xāke خاکه	xuača خواچه	xuāka خوآکه	xāxor خاخور	xoār خُوآر	xoār خُوآر
Ablution/Wudu	وضو vozu	dasnemāz دسنماز	dasta māz دست ماز	dasnemāz دسنماز	dasnemāz دسنماز	dastnemāz دست نِماز	dastnemāz دست نِماز
Housewife	کدبانو kadbānu	keyvuniye/kalöntare zeyniye کلُونتَره زينيه/کيوونيه	čeybonua چي بنوه	keyvānu کيوانو	keyvānu کيوانو	kalentar کلنتر	xojirezen خوجيره زِن
Lentil	عدس adas	marjömake مرجومکه	marjeva مرجوه	marjeva مرجوه	marju مرجو	marju مرجو	marju مرجو
Calm	آرام ārām	dinj دينج	dinj دينج	dinj دينج	dinj دينج	dinj دينج	dinj دينج
Shout	فرياد faryād	harāy هرای	harāy/qia قيه/هرای	harāy/qeya قيه/هرای	harāy/qiyu قيو/هرای	qālmeqāl/harāy هرای/قال مِقال	hara هَرَه

English	Persian	Middle Persian	Avestan	Tākestāni Tāti	Sagzābādi Tāti	Ebrāhimābādi Tāti	Ardabilaki Tāti	Ziārāni Tāti	Tikhuri Tāti
Dog	سگ sag	sege	span	asbe/māččiye ماچيه/اَسبه	asba اَسبه	asba اَسبه	sag سگ	sayg/māčča ماچه/سَيگ	sayg/māčča ماچه/سَيگ
Bone	استخوان ostoxān	ast/xastak	ast	esqonj اسقُنج	xasta خسته	xasta خسته	esdeqān اسدقان	hasta هَستَه	hasta هَستَه
Lie	دروغ dorugh	drog/droo	droj	duru دورو	deru درو	doru دُرو	duru دورو	duru دورو	duru دورو
Needle	سوزن suzan	darzik/darzi	dereza	darzone درزُنه	darzena درزنه	darzena درزنه	darzan درزَن	darzen درزِن	darzen درزِن
Face	چهره čehre	čihr/čihrak		dim دیم	dim دیم	dim دیم	dim دیم	dim دیم	dim دیم
Groom	داماد dāmād	zāmāt	zāmātar	zomā زُما	zummā زوما	zeymā زیما	zāmā زاما	zāmā زاما	zāmā زاما
House	خانه xāne	katak	kata	kiye کیه	čia چیه	kia کیه	xāna خانه	xāna خانه	xāna خانه
Man	مرد mard	mart	mereta	mardak مردک	miarda میرده	miarda میرده	merdi مِردی	mardek مَردِک	mardek مَردِک
Lamb	بره barre	varrak		vare وَره	vara وره	vara وره	vara وره	vara وره	vara وره
Bride	عروس arus	vazyok	vaze	veye ویه	veya ویه	veya ویه		ayris/eris عریس/عَی ریس	ayris/eris عریس/عَی ریس
Nose	بینی bini	vinik	vaenā	vinniye وینیه	venia ونیه	venia ونیه	vini وینی	vini وینی	vini وینی
Wolf	گرگ gorg	gurg	vehraka	varg ورگ	varg ورگ	varg ورگ	verg وِرگ	gurg گورگ	gurg گورگ

References

^ Takestani at Ethnologue (10th ed., 1984). Note: Data may come from the 9th edition (1978).
^ Harzani at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
^ it is also spoken in some villages like Vafs and Chehreghan in the central areas of Iran like Gholamhossein Mosahab's The Persian Encyclopedia
^ Paul, Ludwig (1998a). The position of Zazaki among West Iranian languages. In Proceedings of the 3rd European Conference of Iranian Studies, 11-15.09.1995, Cambridge, Nicholas Sims-Williams (ed.), 163-176. Wiesbaden: Reichert.
^ Andrew Dalby, Dictionary of Languages: the definitive reference to more than 400 languages, Columbia University Press, 2004, pg 496.
^ "Azari, the Old Iranian Language of Azerbaijan," Encyclopaedia Iranica, op. cit., Vol. III/2, 1987 by E. Yarshater. External link: [1]
^ Iranica entry on Eshtehārdi, one of Tati dialects
^ http://www.mehremihan.ir/language-and-dialect/2956-tati-ghazvini.html

External links

Notes

[e10-1] Takestani at Ethnologue (10th ed., 1984). Note: Data may come from the 9th edition (1978).

[2] Harzani at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)

[3] t is also spoken in some villages like Vafs and Chehreghan in the central areas of Iran like Gholamhossein Mosahab's The Persian Encyclopedia

[4] Paul, Ludwig (1998a). The position of Zazaki among West Iranian languages. In Proceedings of the 3rd European Conference of Iranian Studies, 11-15.09.1995, Cambridge, Nicholas Sims-Williams (ed.), 163-176. Wiesbaden: Reichert.

[5] Andrew Dalby, Dictionary of Languages: the definitive reference to more than 400 languages, Columbia University Press, 2004, pg 496.

[Iranica-6] "Azari, the Old Iranian Language of Azerbaijan," Encyclopaedia Iranica, op. cit., Vol. III/2, 1987 by E. Yarshater. External link: [1]

[7] Iranica entry on Eshtehārdi, one of Tati dialects

[8] ttp://www.mehremihan.ir/language-and-dialect/2956-tati-ghazvini.html

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@@ Line 133: / Line 133: @@
 ! marjeva<br>{{lang|fa|مرجوه}}
 ! marju<br>{{lang|fa|مرجو}}
-! adas<br>{{lang|fa|عدس}}
+! marju<br>{{lang|fa|مرجو}}
 ! marju<br>{{lang|fa|مرجو}}
 |-