Tax choice: Difference between revisions
m v1.38b - WP:WCW project (Link equal to linktext) |
a tiny mention in an otherwise irrelevant book is not notable enough to be in the article |
||
| Line 9: | Line 9: | ||
[[Alan Peacock]], in his 1961 book ''The Welfare Society'',{{page needed|date=February 2013}} advocates greater diversity in public services (education, housing, hospitals).{{clarify|reason=is Peacock talking about tax choice as part of greater diversity?|date=February 2013}} |
[[Alan Peacock]], in his 1961 book ''The Welfare Society'',{{page needed|date=February 2013}} advocates greater diversity in public services (education, housing, hospitals).{{clarify|reason=is Peacock talking about tax choice as part of greater diversity?|date=February 2013}} |
||
In 2009 [[Pope Benedict XVI]], discussed tax payments in his book ''[[Caritas in Veritate|Charity in Truth]]''.<ref>"One possible approach to development aid would be to apply effectively what is known as fiscal [[Subsidiarity (Catholicism)|subsidiarity]],{{clarify|reason=is the Catholic doctrine of subsidiarity the same as fiscal subsidiarity?|date=February 2013}} allowing citizens to decide how to allocate a portion of the taxes they pay...." [http://books.google.com/books?id=BFscIoQdGw4C&pg=PA125&lpg=PA125&dq=%22allowing+citizens+to+decide+how+to+allocate+a+portion+of+the+taxes+they+pay+to+the+State%22&source=bl&ots=6UwQQGAIf4&sig=kobGF_cOpYEd054gtRwrFwPm9cY&hl=en&sa=X&ei=aMX_UO-zB83oigLB1IHwCA&ved=0CEoQ6AEwAw#v=onepage&q=%22allowing%20citizens%20to%20decide%20how%20to%20allocate%20a%20portion%20of%20the%20taxes%20they%20pay%20to%20the%20State%22&f=false ''Charity in Truth'']</ref> |
|||
== Optimal quantities of public goods == |
== Optimal quantities of public goods == |
||
Revision as of 15:06, 14 May 2016
 | This article includes a list of general references, but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations. (February 2012) |
| Part of a series on |
| Taxation |
|---|
 |
| An aspect of fiscal policy |
In public choice theory, tax choice (sometimes called taxpayer sovereignty[1] or earmarking[2][failed verification]) is the belief that individual taxpayers should have direct control over how their taxes are spent. Its proponents apply the theory of consumer choice to public finance. They claim taxpayers react positively when they are allowed to allocate portions of their taxes to specific spending.[3][4][5]
Opinions
Daniel J. Brown[6] examines tax-target plans in educational programs.
Alan Peacock, in his 1961 book The Welfare Society,[page needed] advocates greater diversity in public services (education, housing, hospitals).[clarification needed]
Optimal quantities of public goods
According to Vincent and Elinor Ostrom, it is possible that government may oversupply, and a market arrangement may undersupply, those public goods for which exclusion is not feasible.[7][8]
Foot voting versus tax choice
Voting with your feet and voting with your taxes are two methods that allow taxpayers to reveal their preferences for public policies. Foot voting refers to where people move to areas that offer a more attractive bundle of public policies. In theory foot voting would force local governments to compete for taxpayers. Tax choice, on the other hand, would allow taxpayers to indicate their preferences with their individual taxes.
- In the Tiebout model, for example, there is costless mobility; individuals seek out a jurisdiction that provides exactly the level of output of the public good that they wish to consume. In so doing, they reveal their preferences for "local" public outputs and generate a Pareto-efficient outcome in the public sector. – Wallace E. Oates, On the Theory and Practice of Fiscal Decentralization
Legislative measures
Four bills providing involving tax choice have been introduced by the United States Congress since 1971. The Presidential Election Campaign Fund, enacted in 1971, allows taxpayers to allocate $3 of their taxes to presidential election campaigns. The 2000 Taxpayers’ Choice Debt Reduction Act would have allowed taxpayers to designate money toward reduction of the national debt.[9] The 2007 Opt Out of Iraq War Act would have allowed taxpayers to designate money toward certain social programs.[10] The 2011 Put Your Money Where Your Mouth Is Act would have allowed taxpayers to make voluntary contributions (not tax payments) to the government.[11][12] These later bills died in committee.
In Popular Culture
- When asked by Mario Lopez what her first executive order as president would be, Ellen DeGeneres advocated a mix of voluntary taxation and tax choice, stating "you should get to choose where your money goes instead of giving it and just letting them decide, I think you should decide."[13]
See also
- Hypothecated tax
- Microeconomic reform
- Motivation, Agency, and Public Policy
- New public management
- Nudge
- Participatory budgeting
- Tax reform
- The Other Invisible Hand
- YouCut
- Voluntary taxation
References
- ^ Brown, Daniel J. (Fall 1979). "The Case for Tax-Target Plans". Journal of Education Finance. 5 (2). University of Illinois Press: 215. Retrieved January 26, 2013.
For educators, these "new" values reflect a demand for taxpayer sovereignty, greater choice among educational programs, and more responsiveness on the part of educational systems.
- ^ The Economics of Earmarked Taxes(subscription required)
- ^ Democracy Journal
- ^ Do Earmarks Increase Giving to Government?
- ^ Science Direct
- ^ The Case For Tax-Target Plans
- ^ Kennett, Patricia (2008). Governance, globalization and public policy. Edward Elgar Publishing. p. 56. ISBN 978-1845424367
- ^ Public Goods and Public Choices
- ^ Taxpayers’ Choice Debt Reduction Act
- ^ Opt Out of Iraq War Act of 2007
- ^ Put Your Money Where Your Mouth Is Act
- ^ Kasperowicz, Pete, "Rep. Campbell proposes tax form change to encourage donations to the government". The Hill", 18 April 2011.
- ^ Ellen DeGeneres, Mario Lopez (4 May 2016). What Ellen DeGeneres Would Do If She Were President. Extra. Archived from the original on 10 May 2016.
Further reading
- Anderson, Lincoln – Velazquez: Funding war should be taxpayers’ choice The Villager. 2007
- Baker, Russell – Taxpayers' Choice The New York Times. 1990
- Binowski, Brittany – Why Mandatory Taxes Are Bad – And How The Government Should Fix Them (But Probably Won't). Forbes. 18 June 2012
- Blinder, Alan S. – The Economics of Public Finance: Essays 1989
- Brown et all, Giving to Government: Voluntary Taxation in the Lab
- Buchanan, James M. – Public Finance in Democratic Process: Fiscal Institutions and Individual Choice 1967
- Buchanan, James M. – The Economics of Earmarked Taxes 1963
- Frey, Bruno & Torgler, Benno – Tax Morale and Conditional Cooperation
- Indiviglio, Daniel. "What If Taxpayers Could Decide How Their Money Is Spent?". The Atlantic. Retrieved 18 April 2012.
- Jimerson, Jeff – Initiative helps boost taxpayers' 'choice' Walloa County Chieftain. 20 June 2012.
- Kimball, Miles – No Tax Increase Without Recompense. 25 Aug 2012
- Kuznicki, Jason. "How Responsible Are You for Where Your Taxes Go?". The League. Retrieved 18 April 2012.
- Lamberton, Cait Poynor – A Spoonful of Choice: How Allocation Increases Satisfaction with Tax Payments 2012
- Le Grand, Julian - Motivation, Agency, and Public Policy: Of Knights and Knaves, Pawns and Queens 2003
- Le Grand, Julian - The Other Invisible Hand: Delivering Public Services through Choice and Competition 2007
- Listokin, Yair and Schizer, David – I Like to Pay Taxes: Lessons of Philanthropy for Tax and Spending Policy 2012
- Maricano, Alain – Why markets do not fail. Buchanan on voluntary cooperation and externalities 2010
- Ostrom, Vincent & Ostrom, Elinor – Public Goods and Public Choices
- Paunic, Alida – Let's make the tax system more lovable
- Wynn, L. S. "What is Personal Tax Earmarking?". wiseGEEK. Retrieved 19 April 2012.
- Yglesias, Matthew – Giving Taxpayers Choice Could Boost Satisfaction With Big Government And Boost Social Spending Think Progress. 19 April 2011