Isotopes of oganesson: Difference between revisions

Isotopes of oganesson (₁₁₈Og)
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Oganesson (₁₁₈Og) is a synthetic element created in particle accelerators, and thus a standard atomic weight cannot be given. Like all synthetic elements, it has no stable isotopes. The first (and so far only) isotope to be synthesized was ²⁹⁴Og in 2006; it has a half-life of 0.7 milliseconds.

List of isotopes

nuclide symbol	Z(p)	N(n)	isotopic mass (u)	half-life	decay mode(s)	daughter isotope(s)	nuclear spin
²⁹⁴Og	118	176	294.21392(71)#	0.7 ms	α	²⁹⁰Lv	0+
²⁹⁴Og	118	176	294.21392(71)#	0.7 ms	SF	(various)	0+

Notes

Values marked # are not purely derived from experimental data, but at least partly from systematic trends.
Uncertainties are given in concise form in parentheses after the corresponding last digits. Uncertainty values from Ame2003 denote one standard deviation. Values from IUPAC are expanded uncertainties.

Theoretical

Theoretical calculations done on the synthetic pathways for, and the half-life of, other isotopes have shown that some could be slightly more stable than the synthesized isotope ²⁹⁴Og, most likely ²⁹³Og, ²⁹⁵Og, ²⁹⁶Og, ²⁹⁷Og, ²⁹⁸Og, ³⁰⁰Og and ³⁰²Og.^[4]^[5]^[6] Of these, ²⁹⁷Og, might provide the best chances for obtaining longer-lived nuclei,^[4]^[6] and thus might become the focus of future work with this element. Some isotopes with many more neutrons, such as some located around ³¹³Og, could also provide longer-lived nuclei.^[7]

Target-projectile combinations leading to Z=118 compound nuclei

The below table contains various combinations of targets and projectiles that could be used to form compound nuclei with Z=118.

Target	Projectile	CN	Attempt result
¹⁶⁰Gd	¹³⁶Xe	²⁹⁶Og*	Reaction yet to be attempted
²⁰⁸Pb	⁸⁶Kr	²⁹⁴Og*	Failure to date
²³²Th	⁶⁴Ni	²⁹⁶Og*	Reaction yet to be attempted
²³⁸U	⁵⁸Fe	²⁹⁶Og*	Reaction yet to be attempted
²⁴⁴Pu	⁵⁴Cr	²⁹⁸Og*	Reaction yet to be attempted
²⁴⁸Cm	⁵⁰Ti	²⁹⁸Og*	Reaction yet to be attempted
²⁵⁰Cm	⁵⁰Ti	³⁰⁰Og*	Reaction yet to be attempted
²⁴⁹Cf	⁴⁸Ca	²⁹⁷Og*	Successful reaction
²⁵¹Cf	⁴⁸Ca	²⁹⁹Og*	Reaction yet to be attempted
²⁵²Cf	⁴⁸Ca	³⁰⁰Og*	Reaction yet to be attempted
²⁵⁷Fm	⁴⁰Ar	²⁹⁷Og*	Reaction yet to be attempted

Theoretical calculations on evaporation cross sections

The below table contains various targets-projectile combinations for which calculations have provided estimates for cross section yields from various neutron evaporation channels. The channel with the highest expected yield is given.

DNS = Di-nuclear system ; σ = cross section

Target	Projectile	CN	Channel (product)	σ _max	Model	Ref
²⁰⁸Pb	⁸⁶Kr	²⁹⁴Og	1n (²⁹³Og)	0.1 pb	DNS	^[8]
²⁰⁸Pb	⁸⁵Kr	²⁹³Og	1n (²⁹²Og)	0.18 pb	DNS	^[8]
²⁵²Cf	⁴⁸Ca	³⁰⁰Og	3n (²⁹⁷Og)	1.2 pb	DNS	^[9]
²⁵¹Cf	⁴⁸Ca	²⁹⁹Og	3n (²⁹⁶Og)	1.2 pb	DNS	^[9]
²⁴⁹Cf	⁴⁸Ca	²⁹⁷Og	3n (²⁹⁴Og)	0.3 pb	DNS	^[9]

References

Isotope masses from:
- M. Wang; G. Audi; A. H. Wapstra; F. G. Kondev; M. MacCormick; X. Xu; et al. (2012). "The AME2012 atomic mass evaluation (II). Tables, graphs and references" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 36 (12): 1603–2014. Bibcode:2012ChPhC..36....3M. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/36/12/003.
- G. Audi; A. H. Wapstra; C. Thibault; J. Blachot; O. Bersillon (2003). "The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties" (PDF). Nuclear Physics A. 729 (1): 3–128. Bibcode:2003NuPhA.729....3A. doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2008-09-23. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)

^ Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021). "The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 45 (3): 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.
^ Oganessian, Yu. Ts.; Utyonkov, V. K.; Lobanov, Yu. V.; Abdullin, F. Sh.; Polyakov, A. N.; Sagaidak, R. N.; Shirokovsky, I. V.; Tsyganov, Yu. S.; et al. (2006-10-09). "Synthesis of the isotopes of elements 118 and 116 in the ²⁴⁹Cf and ²⁴⁵Cm+⁴⁸Ca fusion reactions". Physical Review C. 74 (4): 044602. Bibcode:2006PhRvC..74d4602O. doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.74.044602. Retrieved 2008-01-18.
^ Oganessian, Yuri Ts.; Rykaczewski, Krzysztof P. (August 2015). "A beachhead on the island of stability". Physics Today. 68 (8): 32–38. Bibcode:2015PhT....68h..32O. doi:10.1063/PT.3.2880. OSTI 1337838.
^ ^a ^b P. Roy Chowdhury; C. Samanta; D. N. Basu (January 26, 2006). "α decay half-lives of new superheavy elements". Physical Review C. 73: 014612. arXiv:nucl-th/0507054. Bibcode:2006PhRvC..73a4612C. doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.73.014612. Retrieved 2008-01-18.
^ C. Samanta; P. Roy Chowdhury; D. N. Basu (April 6, 2007). "Predictions of alpha decay half lives of heavy and superheavy elements". Nuclear Physics A. 789 (1–4): 142–154. arXiv:nucl-th/0703086. Bibcode:2007NuPhA.789..142S. doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2007.04.001. Retrieved 2008-01-18.
^ ^a ^b G. Royer; K. Zbiri; C. Bonilla (2004). "Entrance channels and alpha decay half-lives of the heaviest elements". Nuclear Physics A. 730 (3–4): 355–376. arXiv:nucl-th/0410048. Bibcode:2004NuPhA.730..355R. doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.010. Retrieved 2008-01-18.
^ S. B. Duarte; O. A. P. Tavares; M. Gonçalves; O. Rodríguez; F. Guzmán; T. N. Barbosa; F. García; A. Dimarco (2004). "Half-life predictions for decay modes of superheavy nuclei". Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics. 30 (10): 1487–1494. Bibcode:2004JPhG...30.1487D. doi:10.1088/0954-3899/30/10/014. Retrieved 2008-01-18.
^ ^a ^b Feng, Zhao-Qing; Jin, Gen-Ming; Li, Jun-Qing; Scheid, Werner (2007). "Formation of superheavy nuclei in cold fusion reactions". Physical Review C. 76 (4): 044606. arXiv:0707.2588. Bibcode:2007PhRvC..76d4606F. doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.76.044606.
^ ^a ^b ^c Feng, Z; Jin, G; Li, J; Scheid, W (2009). "Production of heavy and superheavy nuclei in massive fusion reactions". Nuclear Physics A. 816 (1–4): 33–51. arXiv:0803.1117. Bibcode:2009NuPhA.816...33F. doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2008.11.003.

[NUBASE2020-1] Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021). "The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 45 (3): 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.

[synthesis-118-116-2] Oganessian, Yu. Ts.; Utyonkov, V. K.; Lobanov, Yu. V.; Abdullin, F. Sh.; Polyakov, A. N.; Sagaidak, R. N.; Shirokovsky, I. V.; Tsyganov, Yu. S.; et al. (2006-10-09). "Synthesis of the isotopes of elements 118 and 116 in the ²⁴⁹Cf and ²⁴⁵Cm+⁴⁸Ca fusion reactions". Physical Review C. 74 (4): 044602. Bibcode:2006PhRvC..74d4602O. doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.74.044602. Retrieved 2008-01-18.

[Og-Ryk-3] Oganessian, Yuri Ts.; Rykaczewski, Krzysztof P. (August 2015). "A beachhead on the island of stability". Physics Today. 68 (8): 32–38. Bibcode:2015PhT....68h..32O. doi:10.1063/PT.3.2880. OSTI 1337838.

[half-lifes-4] P. Roy Chowdhury; C. Samanta; D. N. Basu (January 26, 2006). "α decay half-lives of new superheavy elements". Physical Review C. 73: 014612. arXiv:nucl-th/0507054. Bibcode:2006PhRvC..73a4612C. doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.73.014612. Retrieved 2008-01-18.

[5] C. Samanta; P. Roy Chowdhury; D. N. Basu (April 6, 2007). "Predictions of alpha decay half lives of heavy and superheavy elements". Nuclear Physics A. 789 (1–4): 142–154. arXiv:nucl-th/0703086. Bibcode:2007NuPhA.789..142S. doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2007.04.001. Retrieved 2008-01-18.

[odd-6] G. Royer; K. Zbiri; C. Bonilla (2004). "Entrance channels and alpha decay half-lives of the heaviest elements". Nuclear Physics A. 730 (3–4): 355–376. arXiv:nucl-th/0410048. Bibcode:2004NuPhA.730..355R. doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.010. Retrieved 2008-01-18.

[7] S. B. Duarte; O. A. P. Tavares; M. Gonçalves; O. Rodríguez; F. Guzmán; T. N. Barbosa; F. García; A. Dimarco (2004). "Half-life predictions for decay modes of superheavy nuclei". Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics. 30 (10): 1487–1494. Bibcode:2004JPhG...30.1487D. doi:10.1088/0954-3899/30/10/014. Retrieved 2008-01-18.

[FengColdFusion-8] Feng, Zhao-Qing; Jin, Gen-Ming; Li, Jun-Qing; Scheid, Werner (2007). "Formation of superheavy nuclei in cold fusion reactions". Physical Review C. 76 (4): 044606. arXiv:0707.2588. Bibcode:2007PhRvC..76d4606F. doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.76.044606.

[FengHotFusion-9] Feng, Z; Jin, G; Li, J; Scheid, W (2009). "Production of heavy and superheavy nuclei in massive fusion reactions". Nuclear Physics A. 816 (1–4): 33–51. arXiv:0803.1117. Bibcode:2009NuPhA.816...33F. doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2008.11.003.

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 * Isotope masses from:
 **{{cite journal |author=M. Wang |author2=G. Audi |author3=A. H. Wapstra |author4=F. G. Kondev |author5=M. MacCormick |author6=X. Xu|year=2012 |title=The AME2012 atomic mass evaluation (II). Tables, graphs and references. |url=http://amdc.in2p3.fr/masstables/Ame2012/Ame2012b-v2.pdf |journal=Chinese Physics C |volume=36 |issue= 12 |pages=1603–2014. |doi=10.1088/1674-1137/36/12/003|bibcode = 2012ChPhC..36....3M |display-authors=etal}}
-**{{cite journal |author=G. Audi |author2=A. H. Wapstra |author3=C. Thibault |author4=J. Blachot |author5=O. Bersillon |year=2003 |title=The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties |url=http://www.nndc.bnl.gov/amdc/nubase/Nubase2003.pdf |journal=[[Nuclear Physics A]] |volume=729 |issue= 1|pages=3–128 |doi=10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001 |bibcode=2003NuPhA.729....3A}}
+**{{cite journal|author=G. Audi |author2=A. H. Wapstra |author3=C. Thibault |author4=J. Blachot |author5=O. Bersillon |year=2003 |title=The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties |url=http://www.nndc.bnl.gov/amdc/nubase/Nubase2003.pdf |journal=[[Nuclear Physics A]] |volume=729 |issue=1 |pages=3–128 |doi=10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001 |bibcode=2003NuPhA.729....3A |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080923135135/http://www.nndc.bnl.gov/amdc/nubase/Nubase2003.pdf |archivedate=2008-09-23 |df= }}
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 {{Isotope nav | element=oganesson | lighter=Isotopes of tennessine | heavier=Isotopes of ununennium}}