Jump to content

Jin (Korean state): Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous editNext edit →
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
No edit summary
Thats unlikely and unsourced
Line 27: Line 27:
|image_map_caption = Korea in 108 B.C.
|image_map_caption = Korea in 108 B.C.
|capital = ''Not specified''
|capital = ''Not specified''
|common_languages = unknown ([[Koreanic languages]]?, [[Japonic languages]]?)<ref>Ohno, Susumu (1970). The Origin of the Japanese Language. Journal of Japanese studies</ref><ref>Paek, Nak-chun (1987). The history of Protestant missions in Korea, 1832-1910. Yonsei University Press</ref><ref>Min-Sohn, Ho (2001). The Korean Language. Cambridge University Press. p. 28</ref><ref>https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12284-011-9080-0</ref>
|common_languages = unknown, [[Koreanic languages]]? [[Japonic languages]]?<ref>Ohno, Susumu (1970). The Origin of the Japanese Language. Journal of Japanese studies</ref><ref>Paek, Nak-chun (1987). The history of Protestant missions in Korea, 1832-1910. Yonsei University Press</ref><ref>Min-Sohn, Ho (2001). The Korean Language. Cambridge University Press. p. 28</ref><ref>https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12284-011-9080-0</ref>
|religion = [[Animism]], [[Ancestor worship]]
|religion = [[Animism]], [[Ancestor worship]]
|currency =
|currency =
Line 43: Line 43:
{{History of Korea}}
{{History of Korea}}
{{stack end}}
{{stack end}}
The state of '''Jin''' ({{IPA-ko|tɕin}}) was a confederacy of statelets which occupied some portion of the southern [[Korean peninsula]] during the 2nd and 3rd centuries BC, bordering the Korean kingdom [[Gojoseon]] to the north. Its capital was somewhere south of the [[Han River (Korea)|Han River]]. It preceded the Korean [[Samhan]] confederacies, each of which claimed to be successors of the Jin state.<ref name="Corea">Lee Injae, Owen Miller, Park Jinhoon, Yi Hyun-Hae, 〈Korean History in Maps〉, 2014, pp.18-20</ref>
The state of '''Jin''' ({{IPA-ko|tɕin}}) was a confederacy of statelets which occupied some portion of the southern [[Korean peninsula]] during the 2nd and 3rd centuries BC, bordering the Korean kingdom [[Gojoseon]] to the north. Its capital was somewhere south of the [[Han River (Korea)|Han River]]. It preceded the [[Samhan]] confederacies, each of which claimed to be successors of the Jin state.<ref name="Corea">Lee Injae, Owen Miller, Park Jinhoon, Yi Hyun-Hae, 〈Korean History in Maps〉, 2014, pp.18-20</ref>


==Name==
==Name==

Revision as of 11:32, 28 January 2018

Template:Distinguish2

Jin state
진국(辰國)
4th century B.C.–2nd century B.C.
200px
Korea in 108 B.C.
CapitalNot specified
Common languagesunknown, Koreanic languages? Japonic languages?[1][2][3][4]
Religion
Animism, Ancestor worship
GovernmentTribal confederacy
Chief 
Historical eraAncient
• Establishment
4th century B.C.
• Succeeded by Samhan
2nd century B.C.
 Succeeded by
Mahan confederacy
Byeonhan confederacy
Jinhan confederacy
Today part of South Korea,  North Korea
Jin
Hangul
Hanja
Revised RomanizationJin-guk
McCune–ReischauerChin'guk
Part of a series on the
History of Korea
thum
Prehistoric period
Jeulmun 8000 BC–1500 BC
Mumun 1500 BC–300 BC
Liaoning bronze dagger culture
Ancient period
Gojoseon 2333 BC–108 BC
* Dangun
* Gija
* Wiman
Jin 4th–2nd century BC
Yemaek
Proto–Three Kingdoms period
Three Kingdoms period
Goguryeo 37 BC–668 AD
Baekje 18 BC–660 AD
Silla 57 BC–935 AD
Gaya confederacy 42–562
Tamna (Tributary of Baekje) 498–660
Usan 512–930
Northern and Southern period
United Silla (Unified Silla) 668–892
Balhae 698–926
Little Goguryeo 699–820
Tamna (Tributary of Silla) 662–925
Later Three Kingdoms period
Later Baekje 892–936
Taebong (Later Goguryeo) 901–918
Unified Silla (Later Silla) 892–935
Later Sabeol 919–927
Dongdan Kingdom 926–936
Later Balhae 927–935
Jeongan 938–986
Dynastic period
Goryeo 918–1392
Tamna (Vassal of Goryeo) 938–1105
Heungyo 1029–1030
Joseon 1392–1897
Korean Empire 1897–1910
Colonial period
Japanese rule 1910–1945
Provisional Government 1919–1948
Modern period
Military governments 1945–1948
North-South division 1945–present
* North 1948–present
* South 1948–present
By topic
Timeline
map Korea portal

The state of Jin (Korean pronunciation: [tɕin]) was a confederacy of statelets which occupied some portion of the southern Korean peninsula during the 2nd and 3rd centuries BC, bordering the Korean kingdom Gojoseon to the north. Its capital was somewhere south of the Han River. It preceded the Samhan confederacies, each of which claimed to be successors of the Jin state.[5]

Name

"Jin" is the Revised Romanization of Korean 진, originally written 辰 in Korean Chinese characters (hanja). This character's Old Chinese pronunciation has been reconstructed as /*[d]ər/[6] and originally referred to the 5th earthly branch of the Chinese and Korean zodiacs, a division of the orbit of Jupiter identified with the dragon. This was associated with a bearing of 120° (between ESE and SE) but also with the two-hour period between 7 and 9 am, leading it to be associated with dawn and the direction east.

A variant romanization is Chin.

History

It is not clear as to how well defined of an organized state Jin was. It seems likely that it was a federation of small states much like the subsequent Samhan. For the state to be able to contend with Wiman Joseon and send embassies to the court of Han Dynasty China, there was probably some level of stable central authority. Korean historian Ki-baek Lee (1984, p. 24) also suggests that the kingdom's attempt to open direct contacts "suggests a strong desire on the part of Chin [Jin] to enjoy the benefits of Chinese metal culture." However, for the most part Wiman Joseon prevented direct contact between Jin and China.[7]

King Jun of Gojoseon is reported to have fled to Jin after Wiman seized his throne and established Wiman Joseon. Some believe that Chinese mentions of Gaeguk or Gaemaguk (蓋馬國, Kingdom of armored horses) refers to Jin. Goguryeo is said to have conquered "Gaemaguk" in 26 AD, but this may refer to a different tribe in northern Korea.

Records are somewhat contradictory on Jin's demise: it either became the later Jinhan, or diverged into the Samhan as a whole. Archeological records of Jin have been found centered in territory that later became Mahan.[5]

Archeology

Archaeologically, Jin is commonly identified with the Korean bronze dagger culture, which succeeded the Liaoning bronze dagger culture in the late first millennium BCE.[5] The most abundant finds from this culture have been in southwestern Korea's Chungcheong and Jeolla regions. This suggests that Jin was based in the same area, which roughly coincides with the fragmentary historical evidence.[citation needed] Artifacts of the culture are similar to Baiyue and are found throughout southern Korea and were also exported to the Yayoi people of Kyūshū, Japan.[8]

Legacy

Jin was succeeded by the Samhan: Mahan, Jinhan and Byeonhan. Chinese historical text, Records of the Three Kingdoms says that Jinhan is the successor of Jin state, [9] while Book of the Later Han writes that Mahan, Jinhan and Byeonhan were all the past Jin state and there were 78 states.[10]

The name of Jin continued to be used in the name of the Jinhan confederacy and in the name "Byeonjin," an alternate term for Byeonhan. In addition, for some time the leader of Mahan continued to call himself the "Jin king," asserting nominal overlordship over all of the Samhan tribes.

See also

References

Citations

  1. ^ Ohno, Susumu (1970). The Origin of the Japanese Language. Journal of Japanese studies
  2. ^ Paek, Nak-chun (1987). The history of Protestant missions in Korea, 1832-1910. Yonsei University Press
  3. ^ Min-Sohn, Ho (2001). The Korean Language. Cambridge University Press. p. 28
  4. ^ https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12284-011-9080-0
  5. ^ a b c Lee Injae, Owen Miller, Park Jinhoon, Yi Hyun-Hae, 〈Korean History in Maps〉, 2014, pp.18-20
  6. ^ Baxter-Sagart.
  7. ^ Book of Han, "傳子至孫右渠 … 眞番 辰國 欲上書見天子 又雍閼弗通", vol.〈朝鮮〉
  8. ^ Kenneth B. Lee, 〈Korea and East Asia: The Story of a Phoenix〉, Greenwood Publishing, 1997, pp.23-25
  9. ^ "辰韓者古之辰國也". 〈韓〉,《三國志》
  10. ^ "韓有三種 一曰馬韓 二曰辰韓 三曰弁辰 … 凡七十八國 … 皆古之辰國也"〈韓〉,《後漢書》

Bibliography

  • Lee, C.-k. (1996). The bronze dagger culture of Liaoning province and the Korean peninsula. Korea Journal 36(4), 17-27. [1]
  • Lee, K.-b. (1984). A new history of Korea. Tr. by E.W. Wagner & E.J. Schulz, based on the 1979 rev. ed. Seoul: Ilchogak. ISBN 89-337-0204-0.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jin_(Korean_state)&oldid=822771654"