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'''Patrick Joseph Magee''' (born 1951<ref name="bbc1">{{cite news | title = Brighton bomb: Filming forgiveness | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/tv_and_radio/1704600.stm | work = [[BBC News]] | date = 13 December 2001 | accessdate = 2007-04-30}}</ref>) is a former [[Provisional Irish Republican Army]] (IRA) [[volunteer]], best known for [[Brighton hotel bombing|planting a bomb]] in the [[Grand Hotel (Brighton)|Brighton Grand Hotel]] targeting [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom|Prime Minister]] [[Margaret Thatcher]] and her cabinet, which killed five people. He is sometimes referred to as the "'''Brighton bomber'''".
'''Patrick Joseph Magee''' (born 1951<ref name="bbc1">{{cite news | title = Brighton bomb: Filming forgiveness | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/tv_and_radio/1704600.stm | work = [[BBC News]] | date = 13 December 2001 | accessdate = 2007-04-30}}</ref>) is a former [[Provisional Irish Republican Army]] (IRA) [[volunteer]], best known for [[Brighton hotel bombing|planting a bomb]] in the [[Grand Hotel (Brighton)|Brighton Grand Hotel]] targeting [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom|Prime Minister]] [[Margaret Thatcher]] and her [[British cabinet|cabinet]], which killed five people. He is sometimes referred to as the "'''Brighton bomber'''".


==Early life and IRA career ==
==Early life and IRA career ==
Patrick Magee was born in [[Belfast]] and moved with his family to [[Norwich]] when he was four years old. He returned to Belfast at the age of 20 in 1971 and later{{when|date=June 2019}} joined the [[Provisional IRA]].<ref name="bbc2">{{cite news | title = Patrick Magee: The IRA Brighton bomber | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/301223.stm | work = BBC News | date = 22 June 1999 | accessdate = 2007-04-30}}</ref>
Patrick Magee was born in [[Belfast]] and moved with his family to [[Norwich]] when he was two years old. He returned to Belfast at the age of 18 in 1969 and later{{when|date=June 2019}} joined the [[Provisional IRA]].<ref name="bbc2">{{cite news | title = Patrick Magee: The IRA Brighton bomber | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/301223.stm | work = BBC News | date = 22 June 1999 | accessdate = 2007-04-30}}</ref>


In June 1973, he was interned during [[Operation Demetrius]].{{cn|date=June 2019}} He was released in November 1975.{{cn|date=June 2019}}
In June 1973, he was [[internment|interned]] during [[Operation Demetrius]].{{cn|date=June 2019}} He was released in November 1975.{{cn|date=June 2019}}


==Brighton hotel bombing==
==Brighton hotel bombing==
{{main|Brighton hotel bombing}}
{{main|Brighton hotel bombing}}
The plot to bomb the Grand Hotel had started as an act of revenge for the stance the British government had taken over the [[1981 Irish hunger strike]].<ref>{{cite news | title = Staying in: The night they bombed the Grand | author = Gerard Gilbert | url = http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4158/is_20030510/ai_n12684263 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080216073206/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4158/is_20030510/ai_n12684263 | dead-url = yes | archive-date = 16 February 2008 | newspaper = [[The Independent]] | date = 10 May 2003 | accessdate = 2007-04-30}} </ref>
The plot to bomb the Grand Hotel had started as an act of revenge for the stance the [[British government]] had taken over the [[1981 Irish hunger strike]].<ref>{{cite news | title = Staying in: The night they bombed the Grand | author = Gerard Gilbert | url = http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4158/is_20030510/ai_n12684263 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080216073206/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4158/is_20030510/ai_n12684263 | dead-url = yes | archive-date = 16 February 2008 | newspaper = [[The Independent]] | date = 10 May 2003 | accessdate = 2007-04-30}} </ref>


Magee had stayed in the hotel under the [[Pseudonym|false name]] of Roy Walsh four weeks previously, during the weekend of 14–17 September 1984. He planted the bomb, with a long-delay timer, in the bathroom wall of his room, number 629.<ref>{{cite news | title = Patrick Magee convicted of IRA terrorist attack | author = Gareth Parry | url = https://www.theguardian.com/fromthearchive/story/0,,1235581,00.html | newspaper = [[The Guardian]] | date = 10 June 1986 | accessdate = 2007-04-30 | location=London}}</ref> The bomb exploded at 2:54&nbsp;a.m. on 12 October 1984, killing five people and injuring 34.<ref>{{cite news | title = 1984: Tory Cabinet in Brighton bomb blast | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/october/12/newsid_2531000/2531583.stm | work = BBC News | date = 12 October 1984| accessdate = 2007-04-30}}</ref> He was arrested in the [[Queen's Park, Glasgow|Queen's Park]] area of [[Glasgow]] on 22 June 1985 with other members of an [[active service unit]], including [[Martina Anderson]], while planning other bombings. At his trial in September 1986 he received eight [[life sentence]]s, with the judge branding him "a man of exceptional cruelty and inhumanity."<ref name="bbc2"/><ref name="taylor">{{cite book | last = Taylor | first = Peter | authorlink = Peter Taylor (Journalist) | title = Brits | publisher = [[Bloomsbury Publishing]] | year = 2001 | pages = 157–159 | doi = | isbn = 978-0-7475-5806-4}}</ref> While in prison, he completed a [[PhD]] examining the representation of [[Irish republicanism|Irish republicans]] in "[[Troubles]]" fiction.{{cn|date=June 2019}} In August 1997, he married for a second time.{{cn|date=June 2019}}
Magee had stayed in the hotel under the [[Pseudonym|false name]] of Roy Walsh four weeks previously, during the weekend of 14–17 September 1984. He planted the bomb, with a long-delay timer, in the bathroom wall of his room, number 629.<ref>{{cite news | title = Patrick Magee convicted of IRA terrorist attack | author = Gareth Parry | url = https://www.theguardian.com/fromthearchive/story/0,,1235581,00.html | newspaper = [[The Guardian]] | date = 10 June 1986 | accessdate = 2007-04-30 | location=London}}</ref> The bomb exploded at 2:54&nbsp;a.m. on 12 October 1984, killing five people and injuring 34.<ref>{{cite news | title = 1984: Tory Cabinet in Brighton bomb blast | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/october/12/newsid_2531000/2531583.stm | work = BBC News | date = 12 October 1984| accessdate = 2007-04-30}}</ref> He was arrested in the [[Queen's Park, Glasgow|Queen's Park]] area of [[Glasgow]] on 22 June 1985 with four other members of an [[active service unit]], including [[Martina Anderson]], while planning other bombings in England. At his trial in September 1986 he received eight [[life sentence]]s, with the judge branding him "a man of exceptional cruelty and inhumanity."<ref name="bbc2"/><ref name="taylor">{{cite book | last = Taylor | first = Peter | authorlink = Peter Taylor (Journalist) | title = Brits | publisher = [[Bloomsbury Publishing]] | year = 2001 | pages = 157–159 | doi = | isbn = 978-0-7475-5806-4}}</ref> While in prison, he completed a [[PhD]] examining the representation of [[Irish republicanism|Irish republicans]] in "[[Troubles]]" fiction.{{cn|date=June 2019}} In August 1997, he married for a second time.{{cn|date=June 2019}}


== After prison ==
== After prison ==
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== Books ==
== Books ==
* Patrick Magee, ''Gangsters or Guerrillas? Representations of Irish Republicans in 'Troubles Fiction''' (2001) {{ISBN|1-900960-14-1}}
* Patrick Magee, ''Gangsters or [[Guerrilla]]s? Representations of Irish Republicans in 'Troubles Fiction''' (2001) {{ISBN|1-900960-14-1}}


== References ==
== References ==
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[[Category:People from Northern Ireland convicted of murder]]
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[[Category:Prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment by England and Wales]]

Revision as of 15:28, 12 July 2019

"Brighton bomber" redirects here. For WWII bombers, see Brighton Blitz. For the Australian Rules Football team, see Brighton Bombers. For the actor of the same name, see Patrick Magee (actor).

Patrick Joseph Magee (born 1951[1]) is a former Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) volunteer, best known for planting a bomb in the Brighton Grand Hotel targeting Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher and her cabinet, which killed five people. He is sometimes referred to as the "Brighton bomber".

Early life and IRA career

Patrick Magee was born in Belfast and moved with his family to Norwich when he was two years old. He returned to Belfast at the age of 18 in 1969 and later[when?] joined the Provisional IRA.[2]

In June 1973, he was interned during Operation Demetrius.[citation needed] He was released in November 1975.[citation needed]

Brighton hotel bombing

Main article: Brighton hotel bombing

The plot to bomb the Grand Hotel had started as an act of revenge for the stance the British government had taken over the 1981 Irish hunger strike.[3]

Magee had stayed in the hotel under the false name of Roy Walsh four weeks previously, during the weekend of 14–17 September 1984. He planted the bomb, with a long-delay timer, in the bathroom wall of his room, number 629.[4] The bomb exploded at 2:54 a.m. on 12 October 1984, killing five people and injuring 34.[5] He was arrested in the Queen's Park area of Glasgow on 22 June 1985 with four other members of an active service unit, including Martina Anderson, while planning other bombings in England. At his trial in September 1986 he received eight life sentences, with the judge branding him "a man of exceptional cruelty and inhumanity."[2][6] While in prison, he completed a PhD examining the representation of Irish republicans in "Troubles" fiction.[citation needed] In August 1997, he married for a second time.[citation needed]

After prison

Magee was released from prison in 1999, having served 14 years, under the terms of the Good Friday Agreement. Originally he was sentenced to eight life sentences and a minimum tariff of 35 years.[7] Jack Straw, the then Home Secretary, attempted to block Magee's release, but this attempt was overturned by the High Court.[8]

He continues to defend his role in the blast, but he has expressed remorse for the loss of innocent lives.[9] One of the victims of the bombing was Sir Anthony Berry, whose daughter Jo Berry publicly met Magee in November 2000 in an effort at achieving reconciliation. They have met publicly on more than one hundred occasions since that date.[citation needed]

Harvey Thomas, a senior adviser to Thatcher who survived the bombing, forgave Magee in 1998. Thomas has since developed a friendship with Magee, including hosting him in his own home. Thomas cited his Christian faith as the reason why he felt compelled to forgive.[10][11] Norman Tebbit, whose wife was paralysed in the Brighton bombing, has asserted that he could only forgive Magee if he went to the police and provided them with the names of anyone else who was responsible for the bombing. He has argued that giving up violence is insufficient, stating: "If Dr. Shipman had announced he was not going to murder any more of his patients, I don't think we would have felt that was a case for going 'good old Shipman' and giving him a slap on the back and a special award from the BMA."[12]

Books

  • Patrick Magee, Gangsters or Guerrillas? Representations of Irish Republicans in 'Troubles Fiction' (2001) ISBN 1-900960-14-1

References

  1. ^ "Brighton bomb: Filming forgiveness". BBC News. 13 December 2001. Retrieved 30 April 2007.
  2. ^ a b "Patrick Magee: The IRA Brighton bomber". BBC News. 22 June 1999. Retrieved 30 April 2007.
  3. ^ Gerard Gilbert (10 May 2003). "Staying in: The night they bombed the Grand". The Independent. Archived from the original on 16 February 2008. Retrieved 30 April 2007. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  4. ^ Gareth Parry (10 June 1986). "Patrick Magee convicted of IRA terrorist attack". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 30 April 2007.
  5. ^ "1984: Tory Cabinet in Brighton bomb blast". BBC News. 12 October 1984. Retrieved 30 April 2007.
  6. ^ Taylor, Peter (2001). Brits. Bloomsbury Publishing. pp. 157–159. ISBN 978-0-7475-5806-4.
  7. ^ "Outrage as Brighton bomber freed". BBC News. 22 June 1999. Retrieved 30 April 2007.
  8. ^ "BBC News - UK Politics - IRA prisoners to go free". bbc.co.uk. Retrieved 27 September 2016.
  9. ^ "Brighton bomber's regrets". BBC News. 11 October 2002. Retrieved 30 April 2007.
  10. ^ "Brighton bomb victim: Why I forgive". BBC News. 8 August 2001. Retrieved 7 March 2013.
  11. ^ "Love Thy Enemy". Huffington Post. 4 June 2012. Retrieved 7 March 2013.
  12. ^ "BBC NEWS - Programmes - Politics Show - Lord Tebbit on the Brighton bomb". bbc.co.uk. 9 October 2009. Retrieved 27 September 2016.
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