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The specification is based on [[ISO 9001]]. The first edition was published in June 1999.<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://www.iso.org/iso/home/store/catalogue_ics/catalogue_detail_ics.htm?csnumber=30512 |title = Iso/Ts 16949:1999}}</ref>
The specification is based on [[ISO 9001]]. The first edition was published in June 1999.<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://www.iso.org/iso/home/store/catalogue_ics/catalogue_detail_ics.htm?csnumber=30512 |title = Iso/Ts 16949:1999}}</ref>


It was prepared by the [[International Automotive Task Force]] (IATF) and the Technical Committee of ISO. It harmonised the country-specific regulations of quality management systems.<ref>{{cite book |title= ISO/TS 16949 QM in der Automobilindustrie umsetzen |last=Cassel |first=Michael |year=2007 |publisher=[[Carl Hanser Verlag]] |language=German |page=1 }}</ref>
It was constructed by the [[International Automotive Task Force]] (IATF) and the Technical Committee of ISO. It harmonised the country-specific regulations of quality management systems.<ref>{{cite book |title= ISO/TS 16949 QM in der Automobilindustrie umsetzen |last=Cassel |first=Michael |year=2007 |publisher=[[Carl Hanser Verlag]] |language=German |page=1 }}</ref>


About a third of automotive anufacturers affiliate the requirements of the norm but especially the large Asian manufacturers have differentiated, own requirements for the quality management systems of their corporate group and their suppliers.{{Citation needed|reason=Claiming 30 percent|date=December 2017}}
About a third of automotive anufacturers affiliate the requirements of the norm but especially the large Asian manufacturers have differentiated, own requirements for the quality management systems of their corporate group and their suppliers.{{Citation needed|reason=Claiming 30 percent|date=December 2017}}
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ISO/TS 16949 applies to the [[design]]/[[New product development|development]], production and, when relevant, installation and servicing of [[automotive]]-related [[Product (business)|products]].
ISO/TS 16949 applies to the [[design]]/[[New product development|development]], production and, when relevant, installation and servicing of [[automotive]]-related [[Product (business)|products]].


The requirements are intended to be applied throughout the [[supply chain]]. For the first time vehicle assembly plants will be encouraged to seek ISO/TS 16949 [[certification]].
The requirements are intended to be applied throughout the [[supply chain]]. For the first time vehicle assembly plants will be encouraged to seek ISO/TS 16949 certification.


The major auto manufacturers told their third-party suppliers ([[Original Equipment Manufacturers]], OEMs) to ensure and prove that their quality control met the regulations of the national standards, such as:
The major automotive manufacturers told their third-party suppliers ([[Original Equipment Manufacturers]], OEMs) to ensure and prove that their quality control met the regulations of the national standards, such as:
* [[VDA 6.1]] in Germany
* [[VDA 6.1]] in Germany
* [[AIAG]] in North America
* [[AIAG]] in North America
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* [[SMMT]] in the United Kingdom
* [[SMMT]] in the United Kingdom


One [[perverse result]] of this was that suppliers to both North America and Europe needed to be get two certificates, even though they were making the same parts and delivering to the same company: an OEM would need to provide Daimler or Chrysler witha A VDA to supply to Germany but a QS 9000 to supply to the United States. This helped the move towards more global harmonization.
But due to this regulation a supplier needed to provide two different certificates for Daimler and Chrysler (VDA 6.1 for Germany and QS 9000 America), even though the supplier delivered only to a single company. These complexities accelerated the need for harmonization.


⚫
In 2016, the IATF published a new standard as ''IATF 16949:2016'', which superseded and replaced ISO/TS 16949:2009.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.aiag.org/quality/iatf16949 |title=IATF 16949:2016 |publisher=AIAG |date=2016-10-03 |accessdate=2016-11-11 }}</ref>
===Superseded in 2016===

⚫
In 2016, the IATF published the ''IATF 16949:2016'', which superseded and replaced the ISO/TS 16949:2009.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.aiag.org/quality/iatf16949 |title=IATF 16949:2016 |publisher=AIAG |date=2016-10-03 |accessdate=2016-11-11 }}</ref>


== Contents of the specification ==
== Contents of the specification ==

Revision as of 22:21, 7 October 2020

ISO/TS 16949 is a technical specification for the development of a quality management system for use in supply and delivery chain of the automotive industry.

History

The specification is based on ISO 9001. The first edition was published in June 1999.[1]

It was constructed by the International Automotive Task Force (IATF) and the Technical Committee of ISO. It harmonised the country-specific regulations of quality management systems.[2]

About a third of automotive anufacturers affiliate the requirements of the norm but especially the large Asian manufacturers have differentiated, own requirements for the quality management systems of their corporate group and their suppliers.[citation needed]

ISO/TS 16949 applies to the design/development, production and, when relevant, installation and servicing of automotive-related products.

The requirements are intended to be applied throughout the supply chain. For the first time vehicle assembly plants will be encouraged to seek ISO/TS 16949 certification.

The major automotive manufacturers told their third-party suppliers (Original Equipment Manufacturers, OEMs) to ensure and prove that their quality control met the regulations of the national standards, such as:

One perverse result of this was that suppliers to both North America and Europe needed to be get two certificates, even though they were making the same parts and delivering to the same company: an OEM would need to provide Daimler or Chrysler witha A VDA to supply to Germany but a QS 9000 to supply to the United States. This helped the move towards more global harmonization.

In 2016, the IATF published a new standard as IATF 16949:2016, which superseded and replaced ISO/TS 16949:2009.[3]

Contents of the specification

The aim of the standard is to improve the system and process quality to increase customer satisfaction, to identify problems and risks in the production process and supply chain, to eliminate their causes and to examine and take corrective and preventive measures for their effectiveness.[4] The focus is not on the discovery, but on the avoidance of errors. The eight main chapters of the standards are:

  • Chapters 1-3: Introduction and Preface
  • Chapter 4: Quality Management System (general requirements, control of documents and records)
  • 4.1 General
  • 4.2 Documentation Requirements
  • 4.2.1 General
  • 4.2.2 Quality Manual
  • 4.2.3 Control of documents
  • 4.2.3.1 Engineering Specification
  • 4.2.4 Control of records
  • 4.2.4.1 Records retention
  • Chapter 5: Responsibility of the management
  • Chapter 6: Management of resources
  • Chapter 7: Product realization
  • Chapter 8: Measurement, Analysis and Improvement

The process-oriented approach to business processes that is addressed in the ISO 9001:2008 is the base of the standard. It looks at the business processes in a process environment in which there are interactions and interfaces that need to be recognized, mapped and controlled by the quality management system. Additionally the gateways to the exterior (to sub-suppliers, customers and to remote locations) are defined. The Standard distinguishes between customer-oriented processes, supporting processes and management processes. This process-oriented approach is intended to improve the overview of the whole process. This is not an isolated process, but a combination of all interacting business processes which affect the quality performance of a firm.

A key requirement of ISO/TS 16949:2009 is the fulfillment of customer-specific requirements, set up by the automotive manufacturer in addition to the quality management system of their suppliers. This may have decisively contributed to the worldwide recognition of the TS by many manufacturers.

Certification

The ISO/TS 16949 can be applied throughout the supply chain in the automotive industry. Certification takes place on the basis of the certification rules issued by the International Automotive Task Force (IATF). The certificate is valid for three years and must be confirmed annually (as a minimum) by an IATF certified auditor (3rd Party Auditor) of an IATF recognized certification body. Re-certification is required at the expiry of the three-year period. Certification pursuant to ISO/TS 16949 is intended to build up or enforce the confidence of a (potential) customer towards the system and process quality of a (potential) supplier. Today, a supplier without a valid certificate has little chance of supplying a Tier 1 supplier and certainly no chance of supplying a car manufacturer with standard parts, if indeed that OEM is a participating member of the IATF (most Japan OEM are members of JAMA and not members of the IATF) .[5]

Certification bodies include:

References

  1. ^ "Iso/Ts 16949:1999".
  2. ^ Cassel, Michael (2007). ISO/TS 16949 QM in der Automobilindustrie umsetzen (in German). Carl Hanser Verlag. p. 1.
  3. ^ "IATF 16949:2016". AIAG. 2016-10-03. Retrieved 2016-11-11.
  4. ^ Kartha, C.P. (2004). "A comparison of ISO 9000:2000 quality system standards, QS9000, ISO/TS 16949 and Baldrige criteria". The TQM Magazine. 16 (5): 336.
  5. ^ <http://www.jama-english.jp/>Daimler (2002). "Global supplier magazine". 4th quarter. Daimler: 17. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  • ISO/TS 16949:2009 Quality management systems—Particular requirements for the application of ISO 9001:2008 for automotive production and relevant service part organizations
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