Mercedes-Benz SL-Class (R129)
| Mercedes-Benz R129 | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Overview | |
| Manufacturer | Mercedes-Benz |
| Production | 1989–2001 213,089 built[1][2][3] |
| Chronology | |
| Predecessor | Mercedes-Benz R107 |
| Successor | Mercedes-Benz R230 |
The Mercedes-Benz R129 automobiles were produced from 1989 through 2001. They were sold under the SL-Class model names. The R129 replaced the R107 SL-Class in 1989 and was in its turn replaced by the R230 in 2001.
Models
| Model | Chassis | Engine | Year From | Year To |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SL280 | 129.058 | 104.943 | 1993 | 1997 |
| SL280 | 129.059 | 112.925 | 1998 | 2002 |
| 300SL | 129.060 | 103.984 | 1990 | 1993 |
| 300SL-24 | 129.061 | 104.981 | 1990 | 1993 |
| SL320 | 129.063 | 104.991 | 1994 | 1998 |
| SL320 | 129.064 | 112.943 | 1998 | 2002 |
| 500SL | 129.066 | 119.960 | 1990 | 1992 |
| 500SL | 129.067 | 119.972 | 1993 | 1993 |
| SL500 | 129.067 | 119.972 | 1994 | 1995 |
| SL500 | 129.067 | 119.982 | 1996 | 1998 |
| SL500 | 129.068 | 113.961 | 1999 | 2002 |
| 600SL | 129.076 | 120.981 | 1993 | 1993 |
| SL600 | 129.076 | 120.981 | 1994 | 1995 |
| SL600 | 129.076 | 120.983 | 1996 | 2002 |
Model history
The R129 was based on the shortened floorpan of the Mercedes-Benz W124[2] and featured many innovative details for the time, for instance electronically controlled damping (optional) and a hidden, automatically extending roll-over bar. The R107's rather dated rear diagonal swing axle gave way to a modern multi-link axle. The number of standard features was high, with electric action for the windows, mirrors, seats and hood.
1994 cars were the first to have the new designation. For example, 500 SL is now SL 500. Also starting in 1994, Mercedes-Benz offered special SL models from time to time, such as the Mille Miglia edition cars of 1994 or the SL edition of 2000.
1995 had minor updates for the car
- Odometer switched from mechanical to LED
- Option for portable cell phone with voice activated dialing
1996+ models featured minor facelifts for the car:
- Front fender vents updated; only 2 rounded slots, rather than 3 squared slots
- Bumpers are now body color
- V8 and V12 upgraded to 5 speed electronic transmission; previous transmission was hydraulic 4-speed
- Xenon HID headlamps standard on SL600, optional on SL500
- Replaced the earlier climate control panel with one with a much larger LCD
- Additional of side airbags
- Remote control uses dual infrared (IR) and radio (RF) control
1997 cars were the first year to have an option of the panoramic roof. Also newly available:
- A new front-seat occupant-detection sensor could deactivate the right-side airbag when it determined that the passenger seat held less than 26 pounds
- "Sport" package became an option
- Automatic rain-sensing windshield wipers standard
- Three-way programmable garage door opener "HomeLink" transmitters built into the rear-view mirror
A second facelift occured for models 1999+ which featured:
- V8 engine switch from M119 to M113
- Soft Nappa leather seats replace the perforated leather seats
- Body color door handles
- Tail lights with curved faces replacing the classic square stepped lights
- 17-inch wheels standard: Wheels are now 8.25 x 17" with 245/45ZR17 tires. Sport package is 8" (front) or 9" (rear) x 18" with 245/40 (f) and 275/35 (r) tires.
- Fiber-Optic digital audio links to the CD player instead of analog copper
- One-touch starter- just turn key, it starts
- Instrument cluster now has silver rings around each gauge
- Oil pressure gauge replaced with oil temperature
- Different engine vanity cover
- Removed the automatic lock on the left rear storage compartment which houses the Bose subwoofer
Engine history
Initially, there were three different engines available,
- 300 SL with a M103 3.0L 12-valve SOHC L6 (Template:Auto PS at 5700 rpm),
- 300 SL-24 with a M104 3.0L 24-valve DOHC L6 (Template:Auto PS at 6300 rpm),
- 500 SL with a M119 5.0L 32-valve DOHC V8 (Template:Auto PS at 5500 rpm),
joined in July, 1992 by the,
There was a choice of 5-speed manual or 4-speed automatic for the six-cylinder cars , the V8 and V12 could only be ordered with an automatic gearbox.
In Autumn 1993 Mercedes-Benz rearranged names and models. Also, the 300 SL was replaced by:
- SL 280 with a M104 2.8L 24-valve DOHC L6 (197 hp(145kW) at 5500 rpm)
- SL 320 with a M104 3.2L 24-valve DOHC L6 (220 hp (161 kW) at 5500 rpm)
Only the 280 was available with a manual gearbox. SL 500 and 600 continued with their respective engines.
A second facelift, introduced in late 1998, comprised new external mirrors, 17" wheels and new bumpers. Also new were the engines,
- SL 280 with a M112 2.8L 18-valve SOHC V6 (Template:Auto PS at 5700 rpm),
- SL 320 with a M112 3.2L 18-valve SOHC V6 (Template:Auto PS at 5600 rpm)
and
- SL 500 ((Template:Auto PS at 5600 rpm) - full throttle enrichment removed .
The V12 engine remained unchanged.
The North American Market
Not all engines were offered in North America. The 1990 Mercedes-Benz SL base model was the 228 hp 300SL version, but it was the 322 hp 500SL (with a 5.0 L V8 engine) which made the most headlines. For model year 1993, the 600 SL was additionally introduced stateside.
The SL320 replaced the 300SL in the United States in 1994, but the SL280 was not offered. The 6-cylinder SLs were dropped from the US lineup in 1998, leaving just the V8 and V12.
Engine&Drivetrain
1990–1995
300SL
Engine 3.0-liter DOHC 24-valve inline 6-cylinder. 1994: 3.2-liter DOHC 24-valve inline 6-cylinder.
Net power 228 hp @ 6,300 rpm. 1994: 229 hp @ 5,600 rpm. 1995: 228 hp @ 5,600 rpm.
Net torque 201 lb-ft @ 4,600 rpm. 1994: 232 lb-ft @ 3,750 rpm.
Compression ratio 10.0:1
Fuel requirement Premium unleaded gasoline.
Fuel and ignition system KE-5. 1994: HFM fully electronic with integrated ignition.
Transmission 5-speed automatic or 5-speed manual. 1994: 5-speed automatic.
500SL
Engine 5.0-liter twin-DOHC 32-valve aluminum-alloy V-8.
Net power 322 hp @ 5,500 rpm. 1993: 315 hp @ 5,600 rpm.
Net torque 332 lb-ft @ 4,000 rpm. 1993: 347 lb-ft @ 3,900 rpm.
Compression ratio 10.0:1
Fuel requirement Premium unleaded gasoline.
Fuel and ignition system KE-5. 1993: LH electronic.
Transmission 4-speed automatic.
600SL
Engine 6.0-liter twin-DOHC 48-valve aluminum-alloy V-12.
Net power 389 hp @ 5,200 rpm
Net torque 420 lb-ft @ 3,800 rpm
Compression ratio 11.0:1
Fuel requirement Premium unleaded gasoline.
Fuel and ignition system LH electronic.
Transmission 4-speed automatic.
1994–1997
SL320
Engine DOHC 24-valve. Inline 6-cylinder.
Displacement 195.2 cu in/3,199 cc
Net power 228 hp/170 kW @ 5,600 rpm
Net torque 232 lb-ft/315 N.m @ 3,750 rpm
Compression ratio 10.0:1
Fuel requirement Premium unleaded gasoline, 91 pump octane.
Fuel and ignition system ME 2.1 fully electronic fuel injection and ignition with antiknock control.
Transmission Driver-adaptive electronically controlled 5-speed automatic.
Rear axle ratio 3.45:1
Bore x Stroke 3.54x3.30 in/89.9x84.0 mm
Maximum engine speed 6,400 rpm
Alternator output 14V/110 A
Battery rating 12V/100 Ah
Fuel capacity 21.1-2.6 tank-reserve/80.0-10.0 gal/l
Oil capacity 7.4 qt/7.0 l
Coolant capacity 12.1 qt/11.5 l
SL500
Engine Twin DOHC 32-valve. V-8 with alloy block.
Displacement 303.5 cu in/4,973 cc
Net power 315 hp/235 kW @ 5,600 rpm
Net torque 347 lb-ft/470 N.m @ 3,900 rpm
Compression ratio 11.0:1
Fuel requirement Premium unleaded gasoline, 91 pump octane.
Fuel and ignition system ME 1.0 fully electronic fuel injection and ignition with antiknock control.
Transmission Driver-adaptive electronically controlled 5-speed automatic.
Rear axle ratio 2.65:1
Bore x Stroke 3.80x3.35 in/96.5x85.0 mm
Maximum engine speed 6,000 rpm
Alternator output 14V/143 A
Battery rating 12V/100 Ah
Fuel capacity 21.1-2.6 tank-reserve/80.0-10.0 gal/l
Oil capacity 8.5 qt/8.0 l
Coolant capacity 16.4 qt/15.5 l
SL600
Engine Twin DOHC 48-valve. V-12 with alloy block.
Displacement 365.4 cu in/5,987 cc
Net power 389 hp/290 kW @ 5,200 rpm
Net torque 420 lb-ft/570 N.m @ 3,800 rpm
Compression ratio 10.0:1
Fuel requirement Premium unleaded gasoline, 91 pump octane.
Fuel and ignition system ME 1.0 fully electronic fuel injection and ignition with antiknock control.
Transmission Driver-adaptive electronically controlled 5-speed automatic.
Rear axle ratio 2.65:1
Bore x Stroke 3.50x3.16 in/89.0x80.2 mm
Maximum engine speed 6,000 rpm
Alternator output 14V/143 A
Battery rating 12V/100 Ah
Transmission Driver-adaptive electronically controlled 5-speed automatic.
Rear axle ratio 2.65:1
Fuel capacity 21.1-2.6 tank-reserve/80.0-10.0 gal/l
Oil capacity 10.7 qt/10.0 l
Coolant capacity 21.1 qt/20.0 l
Chassis
1990–1995
Front suspension Independent damper struts with separate coil springs and gas-pressurized shock absorbers, triangular lower control arms with antidive geometry and stabilizer bar.
Rear suspension Independent 5-arm multilink with separate single-tube gas-pressurized shock absorbers and coil springs, geometry for antilift, antisquat and alignment control, stabilizer bar.
Wheels 8.0Jx16H2 aluminum alloy.
Tires 225/55 ZR 16 steel-belted radial
Brakes 2-circuit hydraulic power-assisted 4-wheel discs. Antilock Braking System (ABS).
1996–1997
Body construction Monocoque convertible with front and rear crumple zones and removable hardtop.
Front suspension Independent damper strut with antidive geometry and stabilizer bar. Separate shock absorbers and coil springs. Negative-offset steering.
Rear suspension Independent 5-arm multilink with geometry for antilift, antisquat and alignment control and stabilizer bar. Separate shock absorbers and coil springs.
Steering Recirculating ball with speed-sensitive power assist and hydraulic damper. Steering wheel turns (lock-to-lock) 3.0.
Tires Steel-belted radials. Performance 225/55ZR16.
Wheels Aluminum-alloy 8.0Jx16 H2.
Brakes 2-circuit hydraulic power-assisted 4-wheel disc. Ventilated front, solid rear brake discs.
Antilock Braking System (ABS) ABS senses impending wheel lockup under heavy braking and pumps the front brakes individually or the rear brakes together (to help maintain stability), as needed, up to 30 times per second to prevent lockup and maintain steering ability.
Dimensions
1990–1995
300SL
Wheelbase 99.0 in
Curb weight 1989: 3,970 lb 1991: 4,010 lb 1993: 4,035 lb 1994: 4,090 lb
Trunk capacity 7.9 cu ft
Fuel capacity 21.1 gal
500SL
Wheelbase 99.0 in
Curb weight 1989: 4,145 lb 1993: 4,165 lb
Trunk capacity 7.9 cu ft
Fuel capacity 21.1 gal
600SL
Wheelbase 99.0 in
Curb weight 4,455 lb
Trunk capacity 7.9 cu ft
Fuel capacity 21.1 gal
Interior Features
1990–1995
Automatic climate control.
Automatic day/night rearview mirror (1993).
Seating and trim
Leather upholstery.
10-way power seats with 3-position memory.
Audio, navigation and communication
Bose Acoustimass sound system (1994).
Restraint system
SRS with driver air bag.
Front passenger air bag (1991).
Automatic pop-up roll bar.
Exterior Features
1990–1995
Headlamp washers with wipers.
Removable hardtop with electrically heated rear window.
ADS (Adaptive Damping System). (Standard on 600SL, optional on 500SL)
Removable wind deflector.
8-hole alloy wheels (1994-95).
ASR (Automatic Slip Control).
AMG
AMG had already offered an SL version while still independent, the AMG 500 SL 6.0 of 1991. After being taken over by Daimler-Benz, there were several AMG SL-models available through D-B dealers.
The SL60 AMG was the most numerous of these rare cars. Sold from 1993 to 1998, it used a 6.0 litre V8 engine producing Template:Auto PS at 5500 rpm[4]. AMG claimed a 0-62 mph (100 km/h) speed of 5.6 seconds. Its top speed was limited to 250 km/h (155 mph), but with the limiter removed, it was capable of approximately 185 mph (298 km/h). AMG later unofficially conceded that 0-60 mph was more like 5.0 seconds and the engine produced between 405-410 bhp.[citation needed]
Extreemely rare was the SL73 AMG, sold through Mercedes-AMG in 1995, and offering the most powerful V12 engine ever put into an SL up to that time. After a brief hiatus, the SL73 was offered again from 1998 to 2001. The same 7.3 L V12 was later used by Pagani in the Zonda.
Even rarer is the SL70 AMG. Presumably for those with pockets deep enough to finance the extensive changes wrought by AMG to the M120 V12, stopping at 7.0 litres was penny-pinching when for just a little more they could have 7.3.
The SL55 AMG was sold in the R129 bodystyle from 1998 to 2001 in limited numbers (5.4L V8, Template:Auto PS at 5500 rpm). It was the predecessor of the production R230 SL55 AMG sold later, albeit was normally aspirated in the R129 and not supercharged as in its R230 successor.
Only about 300 cars in the SL-class were customized by AMG prior to the 2003 model year.
2002 Silver Arrow Edition
Special edition of 2002 SL 500/SL 600 made to celebrate the race car with the same name (from 1930).
Two-tone interior leather on steering wheel and seats, special wheels, etc.
1995 Mille Miglia Edition
In 1995 Mercedes released the Mille Miglia edition, to commemorate the 40th anniversary of Stirling Moss's win of the 1955 Mille Miglia road race. The limited edition was available in either SL320 or SL500 guise, came in Brilliant Silver metallic, and had Evo II six-spoke polished alloys, red and black leather interior, carbon-fibre trim and extra equipment. Stirling Moss was given the first SL500 built.
Princess Diana ownership
The R129 came into public attention in 1991 when Diana, Princess of Wales sold her Jaguar XJS to lease a J-reg metallic-red 500SL, she became the first member of the royal family to use a foreign car. This was not without controversy as it sparked a media storm as it questioned whether a member of a British royalty should drive foreign cars.[5] Media pressure eventually forced her to return the car to Mercedes-Benz in 1992, with whom it now resides in the Mercedes-Benz Museum[6]
References
- ^ Werner Oswald: Deutsche Autos 1945–1990, vol.5. Motorbuch Verlag, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-613-02131-5, p. 165.
- ^ a b Eberhard Kittler: Deutsche Autos seit 1990, vol. 6. Motorbuch Verlag, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 0-613-02128-1, p. 215.
- ^ Auto Katalog, 2003 edition, p. 312. Note: Figures for 2001 are for calendar year and include early R230 production. Actual Grand Total for R129 probably around 203.000 units.
- ^ Automobil Revue, catalogue edition 1995, p. 380.
- ^ Diana Vrooms, Unbritishly, In a Mercedes - New York Times
- ^ Princess Diana's Mercedes 500SL on Flickr - Photo Sharing!
External links