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List of mammals of Chile

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This is a list of the mammal species recorded in Chile. As of January 2011, there are 152 mammal species listed for Chile, of which 4 are critically endangered, 8 are endangered, 8 are vulnerable, and 11 are near-threatened.[1]

The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the IUCN:

EX Extinct No reasonable doubt that the last individual has died.
EW Extinct in the Wild Known only to survive in captivity or as a naturalized population well outside its historic range.
CR Critically Endangered The species is facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild.
EN Endangered The species is facing a very high risk of extinction in the wild.
VU Vulnerable The species is facing a high risk of extinction in the wild.
NT Near Threatened The species does not currently qualify as being at high risk of extinction but it is likely to do so in the future.
LC Least Concern The species is not currently at risk of extinction in the wild.
DD Data Deficient There is inadequate information to assess the risk of extinction for this species.

Subclass: Theria

Infraclass: Eutheria

Order: Cingulata (armadillos)

Screaming Hairy Armadillo

The armadillos are small mammals with a bony armored shell. They are native to the Americas. There are around 20 extant species.

Order: Rodentia (rodents)

Short-tailed Chinchilla
Long-tailed Chinchilla
Southern Viscacha
Northern Viscacha
Southern Mountain Cavy
Common Degu
Coruro
Coypu

Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40 percent of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be keep short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to 45 kg (100 lb).

Darwin's Leaf-eared Mouse
Bunny Rat
Polynesian Rat

Order: Chiroptera (bats)

Hoary bat
File:Flying Tadarida brasiliensis in Texas.jpg
Mexican Free-tailed Bat
Little Yellow-shouldered Bat
Common Vampire Bat

The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals in the world naturally capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals.

Order: Carnivora (carnivores)

Geoffroy's Cat
Kodkod
Andean Mountain Cat
Darwin's Fox
Marine Otter
South American Sea Lion

The carnivores include over 260 species, the majority of which eat meat as their primary dietary item. Carnivores have a characteristic skull shape and dentition.

Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)

Vicuña
Southern Pudu

The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans.

Order: Cetacea (whales)

Southern Right Whale
Blue Whale
Pygmy Sperm Whale
Commerson's Dolphin
Chilean Dolphin
Short-beaked Common Dolphin
Spinner Dolphin
Dusky Dolphin
Risso's Dolphin
Orca
Long-finned Pilot Whale

The order Cetacea includes whales, dolphins and porpoises. They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater.

Infraclass: Metatheria

Order: Didelphimorphia (common opossums)

Elegant Fat-tailed Mouse Opossum

Didelphimorphia is the order of common opossums of the Western Hemisphere. Opossums probably diverged from the basic South American marsupials in the late Cretaceous or early Paleocene.They are small to medium-sized marsupials, about the size of a large house cat, with a long snout and prehensile tail.

Order: Paucituberculata (shrew opossums)

There are six extant species of shrew opossum. They are small shrew-like marsupials confined to the Andes.

Order: Microbiotheria (Monito del Monte)

Monito del Monte on bamboo

The Monito del Monte is the only extant member of its family and the only surviving member of an ancient order, the Microbiotheria.

Notes

  1. ^ This list is derived from the IUCN Red List which lists species of mammals and includes those mammals that have recently been classified as extinct (since 1500 AD). The taxonomy and naming of the individual species is based on those used in existing Wikipedia articles as of 21 May 2007 and supplemented by the common names and taxonomy from the IUCN, Smithsonian Institute, or University of Michigan where no Wikipedia article was available. The list was updated in January 2011.

References

  • "The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species". IUCN. 2010. Retrieved 20 Jan. 2011. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  • Wilson, D. E.; Reeder, D. M., eds. (2005). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.
  • "Animal Diversity Web". University of Michigan Museum of Zoology. 1995-2008. Retrieved 22 Jan. 2011. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)

See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Mammals of Chile.
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