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2013 Pacific typhoon season

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2013 Pacific typhoon season
Season summary map
Seasonal boundaries
First system formedJanuary 1, 2013
Last system dissipatedSeason still active
Strongest storm
NameSonamu
 • Maximum winds95 km/h (60 mph)
(10-minute sustained)
 • Lowest pressure990 hPa (mbar)
Seasonal statistics
Total depressions8
Total storms5
Typhoons0
Super typhoons0 (Unofficial)
Total fatalities6 total
Total damageUnknown
Pacific typhoon seasons
2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015

The 2013 Pacific typhoon season is an event in which tropical cyclones form in the western Pacific Ocean. The season will run throughout 2013, though most tropical cyclones typically develop between May and November. The scope of this article is limited to the Pacific Ocean to the north of the equator between 100°E and 180th meridian. Within the northwestern Pacific Ocean, there are two separate agencies that assign names to tropical cyclones which can often result in a cyclone having two names. The Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) will name a tropical cyclone should it be judged to have 10-minute sustained wind speeds of at least 65 km/h (40 mph) anywhere in the basin, whilst the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA) assigns names to tropical cyclones which move into or form as a tropical depression in their area of responsibility located between 135°E and 115°E and between 5°N–25°N regardless of whether or not a tropical cyclone has already been given a name by the JMA. Tropical depressions that are monitored by the United States' Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) are given a number with a "W" suffix.

Initial seasonal forecasts suggested that tropical cyclone activity during the season would remain generally average. The season began with the formation of Tropical Storm Sonamu (Auring) on January 1, which developed to the west of Guam but reached its peak intensity in the South China Sea. Sonamu is also the season's strongest cyclone so far, with maximum sustained winds of 95 km/h (50 mph) and a minimum barometric pressure of 990 mbar (hPa; 29.24 inHg). Tropical Storm Bebinca (Fabian) deepened to the same barometric pressure, but had weaker sustained winds than Sonamu. The deadliest tropical cyclone of the season so far is Tropical Storm Shansan (Crising), which killed four people in the Philippines after striking the region in February.

Seasonal forecasts

Forecast
Center		 Date Tropical
storms		 Total
Typhoons		 Intense
TCs		 Source
TSR Average (1965–2011) 26.2 16.3 8.4 [1]
TSR May 7, 2013 25.6 16.0 8.9 [2]

During each season, several national meteorological services and scientific agencies forecast how many tropical cyclones, tropical storms, and typhoons will form during a season and/or how many tropical cyclones will affect a particular country.

Season summary

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01/01/2013 till:10/01/2013 color:ST text:"Sonamu"

Storms

Tropical Storm Sonamu (Auring)

Severe tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
 
DurationJanuary 1 – January 10
Peak intensity95 km/h (60 mph) (10-min);
990 hPa (mbar)

On January 1, the JMA started to monitor a tropical depression that had developed about 1,085 km (675 mi)* to the southwest of Hagåtña, Guam.[3][4] Over the next couple of days the depression moved towards the northwest, before it passed over Mindanao late on January 2.[4] During the next day as the system moved into the Sulu Sea, PAGASA named the depression Auring, before the JMA reported that the depression had developed into a tropical storm and named it Sonamu.[5][6]

Due to the tropical depression, a passenger ship has been stranded over the coast of Dumaguete City on January 3 morning, there were 200 passengers including the crew were rescued.[7] while the Joint Typhoon Warning Center upgraded it to Tropical Depression 01W, as deep convective banding improved on the western half of the system, with a partially exposed low level circulation center.[8] By January 4, the JTWC upgraded the system to a tropical storm with the designation 01W. The storm has left at least one person dead in the Philippines.[9] Early on January 8, the JMA reported that Sonamu had weakened to a tropical depression, as it began to curve towards the southeast. During the next 2 days, Sonamu moved towards the southeast, as it continued to weaken.

On January 10, Sonamu dissipated about 100 km (60 mi)* to the west of Bintulu, in Eastern Malaysia.[4]

Tropical Depression (Bising)

Tropical depression (JMA)
 
DurationJanuary 6 – January 13
Peak intensity55 km/h (35 mph) (10-min);
1002 hPa (mbar)

On January 4 an area of convection formed southwest of Palau. It soon moved westward rapidly and entered the Philippine Area of Responsibility on January 5 and the JMA upgraded the system into a tropical depression on the next day. However on January 7 The JMA downgraded the system to an area of low pressure due to high vertical wind shear from the southeast. The system reorganized on January 8 and the JMA upgraded it again to a tropical depression. On January 11 evening, PAGASA upgraded it to a tropical depression and named it Bising. On January 13, the PAGASA downgraded the system to a low-pressure area, before it merged into a bomb cyclone developing in the southern sea of Japan late on the same day.[10][11]

The weather system caused moderate to heavy rains across Bicol Region, Eastern Visayas, Central Visayas and Mindanao.

Tropical Storm Shanshan (Crising)

Tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical depression (SSHWS)
 
DurationFebruary 18 – February 23
Peak intensity65 km/h (40 mph) (10-min);
1002 hPa (mbar)

On February 18, the JMA and PAGASA started to monitor a tropical depression, that had developed about 750 km (465 mi)* to the southeast of General Santos City in southern Mindanao.[12][13] JTWC upgraded the system to a tropical depression and designated it 02W early on February 19, but it issued a final warning on February 21 because of strong wind shear.[14][15] On February 20, classes in three cities in Cebu were suspended due to heavy and continuous rains.[16] Early on February 22, JMA upgraded the system to a tropical storm and named it Shanshan whereas the JTWC downgraded the system to a tropical disturbance instead.[17][18] Shanshan was downgraded to a tropical depression by JMA on February 23.[19]

Heavy rains from the storm triggered significant flooding in the southern Philippines that killed four people and left two others missing. A total of 262,880 people were affected throughout the country, nearly half of whom were in the Davao Region. In terms of structural impact, 53 homes were destroyed while 119 more were damaged. Agricultural losses amounted to ₱11.2 million (US$255,000).[20]

Tropical Depression

Tropical depression (JMA)
 
DurationMarch 20 – March 22
Peak intensity<55 km/h (35 mph) (10-min);
1006 hPa (mbar)

On March 20, the JMA identified a tropical depression had formed at 325 km (200 mi) off the east and of Davao, Philippines, which later dissipated on March 22.[citation needed]

Tropical Storm Yagi (Dante)

Tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
 
DurationJune 6 – June 12
Peak intensity85 km/h (50 mph) (10-min);
990 hPa (mbar)

Tropical Depression 03W formed east of the Philippines on June 6.[21] Moving in a general northward direction, the storm slowly began to intensify. The JMA issued their first tropical cyclone advisory on the developing system at 0000 UTC on June 8.[22] The tropical depression intensified further and was reclassified as Tropical Storm Yagi at 1200 UTC later that day by the JMA while still east of the Philippines.[23] The JTWC still considered the system as a tropical depression at the time, though the agency upgraded the storm's intensity six hours later. Slow, albeit gradual strengthening followed as the storm slowed in forward motion.[24][25] Yagi eventually peaked as a moderate tropical storm with a minimum barometric pressure with winds of 85 km/h (50 mph), gusting to 120 km/h (75 mph).[26] However, the storm was soon impacted by northwesterly wind shear, causing the system to become disorganized and weaken in intensity.[27] Yagi was downgraded back to tropical depression strength by the JMA at 1800 UTC on June 12, constituting the last advisory on the cyclone issued by the agency.[28] The JTWC continued to track the storm until 0000 UTC on June 13, by which time Yagi had fully dissipated.[24]

Despite forecasts that Yagi would not significantly affect land, the PAGASA advised local disaster coordination councils and relief agencies to prepare for any imminent threat posed by the tropical storm. The National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council ordered local chapters to prepare for potential emergencyevacuations from disaster areas.[29] As a developing tropical cyclone, Yagi enhanced monsoonal flow into areas of the Philippines, causing extensive rainfall to some areas, particularly the Greater Manila Area. Thus, the rains caused the PAGASA to officially announce the beginning of the rainy season for the island chain early on June 10.[30] As a weakening tropical cyclone, Yagi brought locally heavy rainfalls on the island of Honshu, though due to its rapid weakening it did not pose as a significant threat to Japan.[31]

Tropical Storm Leepi (Emong)

Tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
 
DurationJune 16 – June 21
Peak intensity75 km/h (45 mph) (10-min);
994 hPa (mbar)

On June 16, the JMA upgraded a low-pressure area east of Eastern Samar, Philippines to a tropical depression.[32] The PAGASA also classified the system as a tropical depression on the same day, naming it Emong.[33] Continuing to intensify, the JMA upgraded the tropical depression to tropical storm intensity at 0000 UTC on June 18, designating the storm with the name Leepi; the JTWC also began monitoring the system. At the time, the tropical cyclone had a minimum barometric pressure of 998 mbar (hPa; 29.47 inHg).[34] At 2100 UTC on June 19, the storm exited the PAGASA area of responsibility and as such the agency issued its final warning on the system.[35] On June 20, Leepi began to interact with a tropical upper tropospheric trough (TUTT) cell to the east, resulting in strong northwesterly vertical wind shear; as such, the low-level circulation center of the cyclone was displaced to the northeast of the convection, exposing the center in addition to several smaller toroidal circulations embedded within the primary circulation. Based on this occurrence, the JTWC downgraded the system to tropical depression intensity at 0300 UTC that day.[36] Wind shear continued to take its toll on the system, and as such the JMA issued its last advisory on the system at 0000 UTC on June 21.[37]

Due to heavy rainfall from the precursor tropical wave, the PAGASA issued a flash flood warning for parts of Mindanao on June 15.[38] Overnight, heavy precipitation was reported in Davao City, and as such city-emergency response teams were placed on alert for a potential flooding and evacuation scenario.[39] As a result of rainfall in Greater Manila, the Metropolitan Manila Development Authority began to offer free rides to stricken commuters.[40] This system caused rains over parts of the Philippines including Southern Luzon, Visayas and Northern Mindanao. Moving northward, Leepi passed east of Taiwan, but its outer rainbands caused downpours over eastern areas of the island.[41] While moving through the Ryukyu Islands, sustained winds in Okinawa reached 55 km/h (35 mph) and gusts peaked at 87 km/h (54 mph).[42] Despite dissipating and losing much of its convection prior to reaching Japan, the remnants of Leepi continued to drop heavy rainfall. In Umaji, Kōchi, a station recorded 354.5 mm (13.96 in) of rain in a 24-hour period, more than half of the average June rainfall for the station.[43]

Tropical Storm Bebinca (Fabian)

Tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
 
DurationJune 19 – June 24
Peak intensity75 km/h (45 mph) (10-min);
990 hPa (mbar)

In mid-June, an area of strong albeit disorganized convection persisted in the South China Sea, with its center approximately 1,110 km (690 mi) south of Hong Kong.[44] The disturbance gradually organized, and became sufficiently organized to be classified as a tropical depression by the JMA at 1800 UTC on June 19;[45] the PAGASA followed suit six hours later, naming the system Fabian.[46] Despite being hampered by wind shear generated by a nearby subtropical ridge, the depression maintained a well defined center of circulation, allowing the system to intensify and organize throughout the day on June 20;[47] at 0000 UTC the following day, the JMA upgraded the cyclone to tropical storm strength, earning the designation of Bebinca.[48] Following this upgrade in strength, however, Bebinca failed to intensify further, and leveled out in intensity prior to making landfall on Hainan on June 22. Bebinca's passage over the island weakened the system to tropical depression strength, and, despite moving over the Gulf of Tonkin, failed to restrengthen before making a final landfall on June 23 east of Hanoi.[49]

Due to the potential effects of Bebinca, Sanya Phoenix International Airport cancelled or delayed 147 inbound and outbound flights, leaving 8,000 passengers stranded. Other forms of transportation in the Hainan area were also disrupted by the impending approach of the tropical storm.[50] In Beibu Bay on June 21, a fishing boat with four fishermen on board lost communication contact with the mainland;[51] they were later found the following day.[52] Rainfall in Hainan peaked at 227 mm (8.9 in) in Sanya. A total of 11.55 million people were affected.[53] Damage across Hainan Island amounted to ¥32.46 million (US$5.3 million).[54] Heavy rains affected several provinces in northern Vietnam, with a storm maxima of 356 mm (14.0 in) Hon Ngu, Nghe An Province.[55]

Storm names

Within the North-western Pacific Ocean, both the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) and the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration assign names to tropical cyclones that develop in the Western Pacific, which can result in a tropical cyclone having two names.[56] The Japan Meteorological Agency's RSMC Tokyo — Typhoon Center assigns international names to tropical cyclones on behalf of the World Meteorological Organization's Typhoon Committee, should they be judged to have 10-minute sustained windspeeds of 65 km/h, (40 mph).[57] While the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration assigns names to tropical cyclones which move into or form as a tropical depression in their area of responsibility located between 135°E and 115°E and between 5°N-25°N even if the cyclone has had an international name assigned to it.[56] The names of significant tropical cyclones are retired, by both PAGASA and the Typhoon Committee.[57] Should the list of names for the Philippine region be exhausted then names will be taken from an auxiliary list of which the first ten are published each season. Unused names are marked in gray.

International names

See also: Lists of tropical cyclone names and Tropical cyclone naming

Tropical Cyclones are named from the following lists by the Regional Specialized Meteorological Centre in Tokyo, Japan, once they reach tropical storm strength.[56] Names are contributed by members of the ESCAP/WMO Typhoon Committee. Each of the 14 nations or territories submitted 10 names, which are used in alphabetical order, by the English name of the country.[58] The next 24 names on the naming list are listed here.

  • Sonamu (1301)
  • Shanshan (1302)
  • Yagi (1303)
  • Leepi (1304)
  • Bebinca (1305)
  • Rumbia (unused)
  • Soulik (unused)
  • Cimaron (unused)
  • Jebi (unused)
  • Mangkhut (unused)
  • Utor (unused)
  • Trami (unused)
  • Kong-rey (unused)
  • Yutu (unused)
  • Toraji (unused)
  • Man-yi (unused)
  • Usagi (unused)
  • Pabuk (unused)
  • Wutip (unused)
  • Sepat (unused)
  • Fitow (unused)
  • Danas (unused)
  • Nari (unused)
  • Wipha (unused)

Philippines

The Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration uses its own naming scheme for tropical cyclones in their area of responsibility. PAGASA assigns names to tropical depressions that form within their area of responsibility and any tropical cyclone that might move into their area of responsibility. Should the list of names for a given year prove to be insufficient, names are taken from an auxiliary list, the first 10 of which are published each year before the season starts. The names not retired from this list will be used again in the 2017 season. This is the same list used in the 2009 season, except for Fabian, Odette and Paolo which replaced Feria, Ondoy and Pepeng respectively. Names that were not assigned/going to use are marked in gray.[59]

  • Auring (1301)
  • Bising
  • Crising (1302)
  • Dante (1303)
  • Emong (1304)
  • Fabian (1305)
  • Gorio (unused)
  • Huaning (unused)
  • Isang (unused)
  • Jolina (unused)
  • Kiko (unused)
  • Labuyo (unused)
  • Maring (unused)
  • Nando (unused)
  • Odette (unused)
  • Paolo (unused)
  • Quedan (unused)
  • Ramil (unused)
  • Santi (unused)
  • Tino (unused)
  • Urduja (unused)
  • Vinta (unused)
  • Wilma (unused)
  • Yolanda (unused)
  • Zoraida (unused)

Auxiliary list

  • Alamid (unused)
  • Bruno (unused)
  • Conching (unused)
  • Dolor (unused)
  • Ernie (unused)
  • Florante (unused)
  • Gerardo (unused)
  • Hernan (unused)
  • Isko (unused)
  • Jerome (unused)

Season effects

This table lists all the storms that developed in the western Pacific Ocean to the west of the International Date Line during the 2013 season. It includes their intensity, duration, name, areas affected deaths, and damages. All damage figures are in 2013 USD. Damages and deaths from a storm include when the storm was a precursor wave, or an extratropical low.

Name Dates Peak intensity Areas affected Damage
(USD) 		Deaths Refs
Category Wind speed Pressure
Sonamu (Auring) January 1 – 10 Severe tropical storm 95 km/h (60 mph) 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) Philippines, Borneo, Vietnam Unknown 2
Tropical depression (Bising) January 6 – 13 Tropical depression 55 km/h (35 mph) 1002 hPa (29.59 inHg) Philippines None None
Shanshan (Crising) February 18 – 23 Tropical storm 65 km/h (40 mph) 1002 hPa (29.59 inHg) Philippines, Borneo $255,000 4
Tropical depression March 20 – 22 Tropical depression Not specified 1006 hPa (29.71 inHg) Philippines, Borneo None None
Tropical depression April 11 Tropical depression Not specified 1008 hPa (29.77 inHg) None None None
Yagi (Dante) June 6 – 12 Tropical storm 85 km/h (50 mph) 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) Japan None None
Leepi (Emong) June 16 – 21 Tropical storm 75 km/h (45 mph) 994 hPa (29.35 inHg) Philippines, Taiwan, Ryukyu Islands, Kochi None None
Bebinca (Fabian) June 19 – 24 Tropical storm 75 km/h (45 mph) 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) Hainan Island, China, Hong Kong, Macau, Vietnam $5.3 million None
Season aggregates
8 systems January 1 – Currently active 95 km/h (60 mph) 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) $5.56 million 6

See also

References

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  47. ^ Joint Typhoon Warning Center (June 20, 2013). "Prognostic Reasoning For Tropical Depression 05W Warning NR 03". JTWC Tropical Cyclone Prognostic Reasoning. Pearl Harbor, Hawaii: Edkins Family Index Page. Archived from the original on June 20, 2013. Retrieved June 22, 2013.
  48. ^ Japan Meteorological Agency (June 21, 2013). "TS 1305 Bebinca (1305) Tropical Cyclone Advisory Jun 21 0000z". JMA RSMC Tropical Cyclone Advisory. Edkins Family Index Page. Archived from the original on June 21, 2013. Retrieved June 22, 2013.
  49. ^ Joint Typhoon Warning Center. "Tropical Storm Bebinca Best Track Data". Unisys. Retrieved June 22, 2013.
  50. ^ Xuequan, Mu (June 22, 2013). "8,000 passengers stranded as tropical storm Bebinca hits S China". Sanya, China. Xinhua. Retrieved June 22, 2013.
  51. ^ "4 fishermen missing after Bebinca reaches S China". Xinhua. June 22, 2013. Retrieved June 22, 2013.
  52. ^ Xuequan, Mu (June 22, 2013). "Four missing fishermen found in S China". Haikou, China. Xinhua. Retrieved June 22, 2013.
  53. ^ Template:Cn icon 刘辰瑶 (June 24, 2013). "长江流域将现大暴雨 贝碧嘉减弱未致人员伤亡". China.Huanqiu. Retrieved June 24, 2013.
  54. ^ Template:Cn icon 付美斌 (June 23, 2013). "热带风暴"贝碧嘉"致海南损失逾3200万元". 中新社. Retrieved June 24, 2013.
  55. ^ Template:Vn icon "Bão số 2 đã suy yếu thành vùng áp thấp". CAND Online. June 24, 2013. Retrieved June 24, 2013.
  56. ^ a b c Padgett, Gary. "Monthly Tropical Cyclone summary December 1999". Australian Severe Weather. Archived from the original on August 28, 2012. Retrieved August 28, 2012. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help) Cite error: The named reference "Padgett Dec 99" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
  57. ^ a b the Typhoon Committee (February 21, 2012). "Typhoon Committee Operational Manual 2012". World Meteorological Organization. pp. 37–38. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 28, 2012.
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  59. ^ Staff Writer (September 22, 2010). "Philippine Tropical cyclone names". Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services. Administration. Retrieved June 17, 2012.
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