Jump to content

Asiana Airlines Flight 214

Coordinates: 37°36′48″N 122°21′52″W / 37.61333°N 122.36444°W / 37.61333; -122.36444
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is an old revision of this page, as edited by 67.180.24.57 (talk) at 05:33, 12 July 2013 (→Survivor and eyewitness accounts: - Combined and reworked two identical references). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this revision, which may differ significantly from the current revision.

Asiana Airlines Flight 214
The aircraft after the crash
Accident
DateJuly 6, 2013 (2013-07-06)
SummaryUnder investigation
SiteSan Francisco International Airport
37°36′48″N 122°21′52″W / 37.61333°N 122.36444°W / 37.61333; -122.36444
Aircraft
Aircraft typeBoeing 777-200ER
OperatorAsiana Airlines
RegistrationHL7742
Flight originIncheon International Airport, South Korea
DestinationSan Francisco International Airport, United States
Passengers291
Crew16
Fatalities2
Injuries182, 10 critical [1]
Survivors305

Asiana Airlines Flight 214 was a scheduled transpacific passenger flight from Incheon International Airport, South Korea, that crashed while attempting a landing at its destination, San Francisco International Airport, United States, on July 6, 2013. Of the 307 people (291 passengers and 16 crew) aboard the Asiana Airlines Boeing 777-200ER, two passengers died[2][3] and 182 were injured.[4][5]

It was the second crash and first fatal crash of a Boeing 777 since it began operating commercially in 1995.[6]

Aircraft

HL7742, the aircraft involved in the accident, in July 2011

The Boeing 777-200ER, registration number HL7742,[7] was delivered to Asiana Airlines in March 2006.[8][9] Powered by two Pratt & Whitney PW4090 engines,[10][11] the airframe had about 36,000 flight hours and 5,000 cycles (one takeoff-and-landing set).[10]

The Boeing 777's safety record is among the best of its type.[12]

Crash

On July 6, 2013, Flight 214 took off from Incheon International Airport (ICN) outside Seoul at 5:04 p.m. KST (08:04 UTC), 34 minutes after its scheduled departure time. It was scheduled to land at San Francisco International Airport (SFO) at 11:04 a.m. PDT (18:04 UTC).[13]

The flight was cleared for a visual approach to runway 28L at 11:21 a.m. PDT, and given a speed restriction of 180 knots until the aircraft was 5 miles from the runway. At 11:26 a.m., air traffic control was handed from the NorCal TRACON facility in Sacramento to San Francisco Tower. The crew made two attempts in contacting the tower, and were acknowledged on their second contact, approximately 1.5 miles away at 11:27:10. The tower acknowledgement also provided clearance to land.[14]

At 11:28 a.m. PDT (18:28 UTC), HL7742[7] crashed at San Francisco International Airport during landing. The plane landed short of runway 28L's threshold, with first the landing gear and then the tail striking the seawall that projects into San Francisco Bay.[15][16][17][18] The entire crash was captured on video by an onlooker.[19][20]

Approximate location of the wreckage.[21][22] The arrow indicates the general direction of flight on approach before impact
 Runway 28L 
 Runway 28L 
 Engine 
 Engine 
 Fuselage   and engine 

 Fuselage 
 and engine 
 Landing gear 
 Landing gear 
 Tail 

 Tail 
←
←
Approximate location of the wreckage.[21][22] The arrow indicates the general direction of flight on approach before impact

Both engines and the tail section became separated from the aircraft.[23] The vertical and both horizontal stabilizers fell on the runway before the threshold, while the remainder of the fuselage and wings, after lifting briefly into the air and rotating about a wingtip and nose, came to rest to the left of the runway about 2,000 feet (610 m) from the seawall.[21] Eyewitnesses described a large brief fireball upon the aircraft landing, and a second large explosion minutes after the impact, with a large, dark plume of smoke rising from the fuselage.

Some evacuation slides were deployed on one side of the plane, and were used to evacuate the aircraft,[23][4] and, despite damage to the aircraft, "many ... were able to walk away on their own".[24] The slides for the first and second doors on the right side of the aircraft (doors 1R and 2R) deployed inside the aircraft, pinning the flight attendant seated at each of the doors.[14] The fire was traced to a post-crash rupture of an oil tank above the right engine, when oil leaking from the ruptured tank fell onto the hot engine and ignited.[25]

The instrument landing system's vertical guidance (glide slope) on runway 28L had been scheduled to be out of service beginning June 1 (and a Notice To Airmen (NOTAM) to that effect had been issued),[26], meaning a precision approach was not available. Weather appears to have been good (the latest METAR reported light wind, 10 miles (16 km) visibility and no precipitation) and the aircraft performed a visual approach,[10] assisted by the runway's precision approach path indicator (PAPI) (that was damaged by debris from the impact).[15]

After the crash occurred, employees of United Airlines, Asiana's partner in Star Alliance, provided help to survivors at the airport terminal and in area hospitals.[27]

This was the third fatal crash in Asiana's 25-year history.[28] It was the first fatal crash of a Boeing 777.[6][29] It was also the first fatal passenger airliner crash in the United States since the Colgan Air Flight 3407 crash in 2009,[30] and the first multiple-fatality crash in North America involving a major airline since the American Airlines Flight 587 crash in 2001 (fatal crashes since Flight 587 have involved regional carriers).[31] It was also the first widebody passenger aircraft crash in North America since Air France Flight 358 in 2005. The crash was the third hull loss of a Boeing 777, and the second of them to crash while on approach to landing, after British Airways Flight 38 in 2008.

Passengers and crew

Passengers and crew[24]
Nationality Passengers Crew Total
 China 141 0 141
 South Korea 77 14 91
 United States 61 0 61
 India 3 0 3
 Canada 3 0 3
 Thailand 0 2 2
 Vietnam 1 0 1
 France 1 0 1
 Japan 1 0 1
 Others 3 0 3
 Total 291 16 307

The cockpit crew consisted of three captains and one first officer. One captain, Lee Jeong-min (Korean: 이정민; Hanja: 李鄭閔) filled the dual role of a check/instructor captain and the pilot in command, who was responsible for the safe operation of the flight. He was occupying the right seat (co-pilot position) at the time of the accident.[32] Lee Jeong-min had 12,387 hours of flying experience (at the time of the accident) and 3,220 with the 777.[33]

Captain Lee Kang-kook (이강국; 李江鞠), occupying the left seat (captain's position), was the pilot receiving his initial operating experience (IOE) training, and was operating the controls under the direction of the instructor, in the right seat. He had 9,793 flying hours, with 43 in the 777, and was about halfway through Asiana's IOE requirements.[34][25] At the time of the crash, the relief first officer occupied the cockpit jump seat, while the relief captain occupied a seat in the passenger cabin.[25]

This was Lee Kang-kook's first landing at San Francisco in this aircraft type, although he was an experienced pilot and had previously landed there in other aircraft including the Boeing 747. It was his ninth training flight in the 777[35][36][37] and Lee Jeong-min's first flight as an instructor. It was also the first time the two pilots had flown together.[38]

San Francisco Fire Department Chief Joanne Hayes-White confirmed that there were two deaths;[39] both were 16-year-old female Chinese passport holders[3][40] with both bodies found outside the aircraft.[4] Three of the four flight attendants seated at the rear of the aircraft were ejected from the aircraft during the impact, and therefore were not at their stations during the evacuation, but survived.[14][38] Five people were in critical condition,[4] and nine hospitals in the area admitted a total of 182 injured.[2] Hayes-White told a subsequent press conference that all persons had been accounted for after reconciliation of two intake points at the airport,[41] although an earlier report said that 60 persons were unaccounted for.[2]

Seventy students and teachers traveling to the United States for summer camp were among the Chinese passengers. Thirty of the students and teachers were from Shanxi, and the others were from Zhejiang.[30] Five of the teachers and 29 of the students were from Jiangshan High School in Zhejiang traveling together in one group.[42] Thirty-five of the students were to attend a West Valley Christian School summer camp. The Shanxi students originated from the city of Taiyuan,[43] with 22 students and teachers from the Taiyuan Number Five Secondary School and 14 students and teachers from the Taiyuan Foreign Language School.[44] One teacher received minor injuries, and the two deceased passengers were from the West Valley camp group.[30][43]

Survivor and eyewitness accounts

Interior of the aircraft, after the crash, showing oxygen masks hanging from the ceiling, ready for use. The seat backs have video displays installed, and all seats are in position, some reclined, some upright. The overhead compartments are open.
Interior of the aircraft, after the crash.

Several passengers recalled noticing the plane's unusual proximity to the Bay on final approach, which caused water to thrust upward as the engines were powered up in the final moments before impact.[30][24][45][46]

In the initial moments after the crash, the cockpit crew told flight attendants to hold off evacuating the aircraft as they were communicating with the Tower about the incident. A flight attendant seated at the second door on the left side (door 2L) observed fire outside of the aircraft near row 10, and informed the cockpit crew, at which point the evacuation order was given. The evacuation began approximately 1.5 minutes after the aircraft came to rest.[14] When the evacuation order was given, the crew began rapidly evacuating passengers. The crew also helped several passengers who were unable to escape on their own; a pilot carried out one passenger with an injured leg.[47] Flight attendants stated to NTSB investigators that there was no fire inside the cabin when the evacuation began.[14]

One flight attendant said many of the Chinese passengers who sat near the third exit of the plane could not initially understand the evacuation instructions due to a language barrier.[47]

Smoke rising from the wreckage, as seen from Terminal 1

Partway through the evacuation process, the fire spread from the exterior of the aircraft into the interior and was extinguished by a co-pilot.[14][47]

Two of the inflatable chutes expanded into the cabin rather than out onto the tarmac. The first chute, which blocked the forward right exit, nearly suffocated a flight attendant and was deflated by a pilot with a crash ax from the cockpit. The second expanded toward the center of the aircraft near the fire. It pinned a second flight attendant until a co-pilot deflated it with a dinner knife.[47]

Some passengers sitting at the rear of the aircraft escaped through the hole left by the missing tail section.[48]

The cockpit crew and many passengers aboard United Airlines Flight 885, a Boeing 747-400 which was on taxiway F adjacent to the runway, witnessed the incident in close proximity.[49][50] The moment of impact was also observed by eyewitnesses at the airport terminal and onlookers near the airport[50] and was captured by an amateur video.[19][20]

Immediately following the crash, the pilots of Flight 885 reported seeing several survivors near the "28L" lettering at the beginning of the runway,[51] far from the final resting location of the fuselage.[52] News reports quoted an email that the first officer of Flight 885, who described himself as a witness, allegedly sent to family and friends:[51][53]

I then noticed at the apparent descent rate and closure to the runway environment the aircraft looked as though it was going to impact the approach lights mounted on piers in the SF Bay. The aircraft made a fairly drastic-looking pull up in the last few feet and it appeared and sounded as if they had applied maximum thrust. However the descent path they were on continued and the thrust applied didn't appear to come soon enough to prevent impact. The tail cone and empennage of the 777 impacted the bulkhead seawall and departed the airplane and the main landing gear sheared off instantly.

— United Flight 885 First Officer, Inside United Flight 885: A pilot's gripping account, Chicago Business Journal[53]

Passengers and others praised Flight 214's flight attendants. San Francisco fire chief Hayes-White called cabin manager Lee Yoon-hye, who was last off the plane after the fire erupted, "a hero." "She wanted to make sure that everyone was off," the chief said.[54]

Investigation

Flight 214's data recorder (left) and cockpit voice recorder (right) were recovered from the aircraft
Flight 214 final approach glide path and speed.

The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) has begun an investigation and sent a "Go Team" to the scene.[2] On July 7, 2013, NTSB investigators recovered the flight data recorder and cockpit voice recorder and transported them to Washington, D.C., for analysis.[55] Additional parties to the investigation include the Federal Aviation Administration, Boeing,[56] Pratt & Whitney, and the Korean Aviation and Railway Accident Investigation Board (ARAIB). ARAIB's technical advisor is Asiana Airlines.[32]

According to the NTSB, the weather was fair and the aircraft was cleared for a visual approach. There is no indication yet of any problem, mechanical or otherwise, with no distress calls or other problem reports during the flight,[32][24] although the agency is investigating whether a failure in the mechanics or in the crew's use of the aircraft's autothrottle system could have occurred. The autothrottle control was found to be in the "armed" position during documentation of cockpit levers and switches, differing from both the "on" and "off" positions, possibly indicating a standby setting;[14][25][57][58] furthermore, one cockpit flight director was activated while the other was not, a situation which also may have rendered the autothrottle inoperative.[59]

Preliminary indications suggest the plane came in too slow and too low. Eighty-two seconds before impact, at an altitude of 1,600 feet (490 m), the autopilot was turned off, and the plane was operated manually during final descent.[60] It arrived short of the runway, and the rear of the aircraft hit the seawall, just as the crew attempted to abort the landing and execute a go-around.[23] Based on preliminary data from the flight data recorder (FDR), the NTSB said the plane's airspeed on final approach was up to 34 knots below its target approach speed of 137 knots (254 km/h; 158 mph). A preliminary review of FAA radar return data did not show an abnormally steep descent curve,[32][61] although the crew did recognize that they began high on the final approach.[14] At an elevation of about 125 feet (38 m), 8 seconds before impact, the airspeed had dropped to 112 knots (207 km/h; 129 mph). According to initial reports from the cockpit crew, the plane's autothrottle was set for the correct reference speed, but until the runway's precision approach path indicator (PAPI) showed them significantly below the glide path, the pilots were unaware the autothrottle was failing to maintain that speed. The instructor pilot stated that the PAPI indicated a deviation from the glide path at approximately 500 feet above ground level, and he attempted to correct it at that time. Between 500 and 200 feet, the instructor pilot also reported a lateral deviation, which they attempted to correct as well.[25]

About 7 seconds before impact, one of the pilots called for an increase in speed.[10][62] The FDR showed that throttles were advanced at about this time as well.[32] The instructor pilot reported that he had called for an increase in speed, but that the pilot flying had already advanced the throttles by the time he reached for the throttles.[25] The sound of the stick shaker (warning of imminent stall) could be heard about 4 seconds before impact on the cockpit voice recorder.[10] Airspeed reached a minimum speed of 103 knots (191 km/h; 119 mph) (34 knots below the target speed) 3 seconds before impact, with engines at 50% power and increasing.[32] The crew called for a go-around 1.5 seconds before impact.[10] At impact, the aircraft speed had increased to 106 knots (196 km/h; 122 mph).[32][63]

Initial interviews with the three pilots who were present in the cockpit during the attempted landing revealed that the teaching pilot training the pilot at the controls (attempting his first landing at San Francisco Airport flying a 777), was himself on his first flight as an instructor.[25] All three pilots told NTSB investigators that they were relying on the 777's automated devices for speed control during final descent.[64] The relief first officer also stated to NTSB investigators that he had called out "sink rate" to call attention to the rate at which the plane was descending during the final approach.[14]

The flying pilot reported initially to Korean investigators that he was blinded by a bright light at about 500 ft (35 seconds prior to impact). The NTSB has not validated the claim nor made an assessment of the source of the light.[14][65]

The Air Line Pilots Association (ALPA) has criticized the NTSB for releasing "incomplete, out-of-context information" too quickly, which the ALPA says has "fueled rampant speculation about the cause of the accident" and leads to the impression that it was entirely due to pilot error, before the investigation has concluded.[58][66] NTSB Chair Deborah Hersman responded "We work for the traveling public. There are a lot of organizations and groups that have advocates. We are the advocate for the traveling public. We believe it’s important to show our work and tell people what we are doing."[67] Hersman has repeatedly emphasized that it is the pilot's responsibility to monitor and maintain correct approach speed[68] and that the crew's actions in the cockpit are the primary focus of the investigation.[69] Hersman has also emphasized that the flying pilot, in the left seat, being in a training situation, was not the "pilot in command", and that the instructor pilot, in the right seat at the time of the crash, was the pilot-in-command.[25]

The coroner of San Mateo County, Robert Foucrault, conducted autopsies on the deceased, but has not released results.[70][71] He and a fire department spokesperson have indicated there is a possibility that one of the victims survived the crash but was fatally struck by a fire truck. The cause of death for both victims is still under investigation.[30][70][72]

On July 11, 2013 it was announced that there was no sign the autopilot or other key automatic flight equipment failed. During a news conference, NTSB Chairwoman Deborah Hersman said, "There is no anomalous behavior of the autopilot, of the flight director, and of the autothrottles, based on the FDR (flight data recorder) data reviewed to date."[73]

Aftermath

The airport was closed for about five hours after the crash.[15][23][4] Flights headed for San Francisco were diverted to the other major airports in the San Francisco Bay Area as well as in Sacramento, Los Angeles, and Seattle.[74] By 3:30 p.m. PDT (22:30 UTC), runways 01L/19R and 01R/19L were reopened; the runway of the accident (10R/28L) and the one in parallel to it (10L/28R) remained closed.[15][4] About 24 hours later, the parallel runway (10L/28R) was reopened.[75]

In the hours after the incident, Asiana Airlines CEO Yoon Young-doo said the airline had ruled out mechanical failure as the cause of the crash[76] but also later defended the flight crew, indicating that they were "very experienced and competent pilots".[77][78]

On July 9, Yoon arrived in San Francisco on Flight 214, the same route as the crashed aircraft, to meet with the NTSB[79] and directly apologized to the parents of the two victims prior to boarding the flight.[80] Asiana is flying the families of the victims in to San Francisco for free[81] and has continued to operate its Seoul–San Francisco route on schedule as Flight 214.[82]

The crash damaged Asiana's reputation[83][84][85] and that of South Korea's aviation industry, following years of apparent improvements after a series of aircraft disasters in the 1980s and early 1990s.[37] Asiana shares fell on the first day of trading after the crash,[86] and The Wall Street Journal believes the crash could hurt Asiana's business plans in China.[86] While insurance payouts and damage to Asiana's reputation could hurt the airline, AFP believes the financial effects will be limited.[84]

Chinese citizens[87] and West Valley Christian School[88] mourned the loss of the two students, and Boeing offered its condolences to the families of the victims.[89][90]

See also

References

  1. ^ Hospital official: 10 critically injured in Asiana airline crash at San Francisco airport
  2. ^ a b c d Welch, William; Swartz, Jon M.; Strauss, Gary (July 6, 2013). "2 confirmed dead in San Francisco Airport crash". USA Today. Retrieved July 6, 2013.
  3. ^ a b "Asiana Crisis Management System". Asiana Airlines. Retrieved July 7, 2013.
  4. ^ a b c d e f Botelho, Greg (July 7, 2013). "2 die, 305 survive after airliner crashes, burns at San Francisco airport". CNN. Retrieved July 7, 2013.
  5. ^ "SF Fire Probes Whether Truck Ran Over Asiana Crash Victim". Nbcbayarea.com. Retrieved July 8, 2013.
  6. ^ a b Kim, Jack; Pomeroy, Robin (July 6, 2013). "Asiana plane carried 291 passengers, 16 crew: airline". Reuters. Retrieved July 6, 2013.
  7. ^ a b "Asiana 777 (AAR214) crashes upon landing at SFO". FlightAware. July 6, 2013. Retrieved July 6, 2013.
  8. ^ "HL7742 Asiana Airlines Boeing 777-28E(ER) - cn 29171 / ln 553". Planespotters.net. Retrieved July 6, 2013.
  9. ^ "Asiana Plane Crash Lands: 'No Engine Problems'". Sky News. Retrieved July 7, 2013.
  10. ^ a b c d e f "Chairman Hersman's briefs media on Asiana flight 214, July 7, 2013 (NTSB press briefing on July 7, 2013)". NTSB. Youtube. July 7, 2013. Retrieved July 7, 2013.
  11. ^ Stagis, Julie. "Pratt & Whitney Engines Powered Asiana Airlines Plane". Hartford Courant. Retrieved July 7, 2013.
  12. ^ Boeing 777 that crashed in SFO has a stellar reputation among pilots
  13. ^ "HL-7742 - 06-Jul-2013 - RKSI / ICN - KSFO". FlightAware. Retrieved July 8, 2013.
  14. ^ a b c d e f g h i j "Chairman Hersman's fourth media briefing on Asiana flight 214 crash July 10, 2013 (NTSB briefing July 10, 2013)". NTSB. Youtube. July 10, 2013. Retrieved July 10, 2013.
  15. ^ a b c d Hradecky, Simon (July 7, 2013). "Accident: Asiana B772 at San Francisco on Jul 6th 2013, touched down short of the runway, broke up and burst into flames". The Aviation Herald. Retrieved July 7, 2013.
  16. ^ Arkin, Daniel (July 6, 2013). "Boeing 777 crashes while landing at San Francisco airport". NBC News. Retrieved July 6, 2013.
  17. ^ Somaiya, Ravi (July 6, 2013). "Plane Crashes on Landing in San Francisco". The New York Times. Retrieved July 6, 2013.
  18. ^ Ahlers, Mike; Botelho, Greg (July 9, 2013). "NTSB: Asiana jet's landing gear slammed into seawall at San Francisco airport". CNN. Retrieved July 9, 2013.
  19. ^ a b Smith, Matt; Hall, Lindy (July 8, 2013). "'Oh, Lord have mercy': Witness captures fatal jet crash". CNN. Retrieved July 8, 2013.
  20. ^ a b Fred Hayes. Man catches plane crash on camera (YouTube). CNN. Retrieved July 8, 2013.
  21. ^ a b "Where Asiana Flight 214 Came to Rest". The New York Times. July 6, 2013. Retrieved July 7, 2013.
  22. ^ "San Francisco crash Boeing 'tried to abort landing'". BBC News. July 7, 2013. Retrieved July 7, 2013.
  23. ^ a b c d "Boeing 777 plane crash-lands at San Francisco airport". BBC News. July 7, 2013. Retrieved July 7, 2013.
  24. ^ a b c d "Terror on Jet: Seeing Water, Not Runway". New York Times. July 7, 2013. Retrieved July 8, 2013.
  25. ^ a b c d e f g h "Chairman Hersman briefs the media on Aisana flight 214 crash in San Francisco, CA. July 9, 2013 (NTSB press briefing on July 9, 2013)". NTSB. Youtube. July 9, 2013. Retrieved July 9, 2013.
  26. ^ "KSFO San Francisco Intl". PilotWeb. Federal Aviation Administration. Archived from the original on July 7, 2013. Retrieved July 7, 2013. 06/005 SFO navigation instrument landing system Runway 28L glide path out of service with effect from or effective from 1306011400-1308222359 {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  27. ^ "Airline Alliance Helped in Crash Aftermath." The Wall Street Journal. July 9, 2013. Retrieved on July 9, 2013.
  28. ^ "Asiana jet crash further tarnishes Korean carrier's safety record". Reuters. July 7, 2013. Retrieved July 7, 2013.
  29. ^ "Press Release for Incident Involving Asiana Flight OZ 214 - July 7, 2013" (Press release). Asiana Airlines. Retrieved July 6, 2013.
  30. ^ a b c d e "Two dead in Asiana plane crash are Chinese citizens, identified as teenage girls". South China Morning Post. Reuters. July 7, 2013. Retrieved July 7, 2013.
  31. ^ Smith, Patrick. "Asiana Airlines Flight 214: A Pilot’s Perspective." Slate. Monday July 8, 2013. Retrieved on July 9, 2013. "It is imperative to remember that Saturday’s accident was the first multiple-fatality crash involving a major airline in North America since November 2001. (There have been a handful involving regional affiliates, but the majors have been virtually accident-free)."
  32. ^ a b c d e f g "Chairman Hersman briefs the media on Aisana flight 214 crash in San Francisco, CA. July 8, 2013 (NTSB press briefing on July 8, 2013)". NTSB. Youtube. July 8, 2013. Retrieved July 9, 2013.
  33. ^ "Asiana Airlines crash: The pilots". ITV. July 7, 2013. Retrieved July 7, 2013.
  34. ^ "Pilot was at his first landing with a B777". PlaneCrashes.org. July 8, 2013.
  35. ^ "Asiana Airlines Crash: Pilot Was in 9th Training Flight for Boeing 777". ABC News. Retrieved July 8, 2013.
  36. ^ "NTSB: Pilots attempted to abort landing 1.5 seconds before impact". CNN. Retrieved July 8, 2013.
  37. ^ a b Sang-Hun, Choe (July 8, 2013). "Asiana President Says Pilot Was in Training". The New York Times. Retrieved July 10, 2013.
  38. ^ a b Ng, Christina; Castellano, Anthony (July 9, 2013). "Two Asiana Airline Flight Attendants Thrown from Plane During Crash". ABC News. Retrieved July 9, 2013.
  39. ^ "The 2 victims were heading for a camp". Planecrashes.org. July 7, 2013. Retrieved July 7, 2013.
  40. ^ "Asiana Airlines Crash: At a glance". CNN. Retrieved July 7, 2013.
  41. ^ "Two dead, dozens injured in Boeing 777 crash". Oakland, CA: KTVU-TV. July 6, 2013. Retrieved July 7, 2013.
  42. ^ Yang, Sunny (July 7, 2013). "Asiana crash deaths ID'd as 2 Chinese teens". USA Today. The Associated Press. Retrieved July 7, 2013. A teacher told Chinese television that there were 34 people traveling in the Jiangshan Middle School group — five teachers and 29 students
  43. ^ a b Hunt, Katie (July 7, 2013). "Girls killed in crash were headed for camp". CNN. Retrieved July 8, 2013.
  44. ^ Agence France-Presse and Stephen Chen. "China mourns students from Zhejiang school killed in San Francisco air crash." (print title: "Zhejiang crash victims mourned") South China Morning Post. Tuesday July 9, 2013. Retrieved on July 10, 2013.
  45. ^ William M. Welch, Chris Woodyard, Doug Stanglin, ed. (July 8, 2013). "NTSB: Jet was traveling below target speed before crash". USA Today. Retrieved July 8, 2013.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: editors list (link)
  46. ^ "Pilot was flying a 777 into San Francisco for first time". CBS Interactive. July 8, 2013. Retrieved July 8, 2013.
  47. ^ a b c d Victoria Kim (July 8, 2013). "Asiana flight attendant, last person off jet, describes ordeal". Retrieved July 8, 2013.
  48. ^ Jason Dearen, Joan Lowy, ed. (July 7, 2013) [July 6, 2013]. "Officials probe why crashed SF jet flew too slow". Seattle Times. Retrieved July 8, 2013.
  49. ^ Lazare, Lewis (July 8, 2013). "United Flight 885: Too close for comfort?". Chicago Business Journal. Retrieved July 10, 2013.
  50. ^ a b Romney, Lee; Reston, Maeve; Grove, Martha (July 6, 2013). "San Francisco plane crash: Onlookers stunned, stranded, delayed". LA Times. Retrieved July 9, 2013.
  51. ^ a b Noyes, Dan (09 July 2013). "United Airlines pilot witnesses Asiana Flight 214 crash". KGO-TV. KGO-TV, ABC. Retrieved 2013-07-11. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  52. ^ Boeing 777 crash at San Francisco International. Getty Images. Retrieved July 9, 2013.
  53. ^ a b Lazare, Lewis (July 9, 2013). "Inside United Flight 885: A pilot's gripping account". Chicago Business Journal. Retrieved July 9, 2013.
  54. ^ Ben Mutzbaugh. Asiana Flight 214 flight attendants applauded as 'heroes'." USA Today. Monday July 8, 2013. Retrieved on Tuesday July 9, 2013.
  55. ^ Yoon, Julie; Bruton, F. Brinley; DeLuca, Matthew (July 7, 2013). "NTSB: Officials recover black boxes from San Francisco crash site". NBC News. Retrieved July 7, 2013.
  56. ^ Twitter / BoeingAirplanes: A Boeing technical team is
  57. ^ "Asiana 214 pilot realised plane flying too low". BBC News. July 9, 2013. Retrieved July 9, 2013.
  58. ^ a b Wald, Matthew (July 9. 2013). "Inquiry Suggests Chance That Mechanical Failure Had Role in Crash". New York Times. Retrieved July 9, 2013. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  59. ^ "NTSB: Asiana pilots say they used automatic speed controls for landing that went tragically wrong in San Francisco". CBSNews.com. CBS/Associated Press. July 9, 2013, 10:18 PM. Retrieved July 10, 2013. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  60. ^ Timeline: Final moments of Asiana Airlines Flight 214 before crash
  61. ^ Bowens, Dan (July 7, 2013). "NTSB: Asiana flight flew too slow before crash". MyFox New York. Retrieved July 8, 2013.
  62. ^ "San Francisco crash Boeing 'tried to abort landing'". BBC News. Retrieved July 8, 2013.
  63. ^ Chappell, Bill (July 8, 2013). "Asiana Crash: Plane Was 34 Knots Below Target Speed, NTSB Says". NPR. Retrieved July 9, 2013.
  64. ^ Weikel, Dan; Vartabedian, Ralph; Nelson, Laura (July 9, 2013). "Asiana Airlines pilots say auto-throttle didn't maintain landing speed". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved July 10, 2013.
  65. ^ "San Francisco Crash Pilot 'Blinded By Light'". Sky News. July 11, 2013. Retrieved July 11, 2013.
  66. ^ "ALPA Asks for Answers to Key Questions in Accident Investigation" (Press release). ALPA News. July 9, 2013. Retrieved July 9, 2013.
  67. ^ In Probing the Asiana Crash, NTSB Gets Busy on Twitter - Businessweek
  68. ^ Asiana pilot was halfway through 777 training
  69. ^ Johnston, Ian (July 9, 2013). "Asiana Airline chief says it plans to improve pilot training after San Francisco crash". NBC News. Retrieved July 10, 2013.
  70. ^ a b Hurd, Cheryl; Dwyer, Diane (July 7, 2013). "Fire Truck May Have Run Over Asiana Plane Crash Victim". NBC Bay Area. Retrieved July 8, 2013.
  71. ^ "CBS/AP/ July 7, 2013, 8:21 PM Coroner: Officials probing if rescuers ran over San Francisco plane crash victim". CBS News. Retrieved July 8, 2013.
  72. ^ What happened with Asiana Flight 214?
  73. ^ "No sign automatic equipment failed in San Francisco crash: NTSB". Yahoo News. Retrieved July 12, 2013.
  74. ^ "Plane crash at San Francisco airport, 2 dead". CBS News. Associated Press. July 6, 2013. Retrieved July 6, 2013.
  75. ^ Nelson, Laura J; Romney, Lee (July 7, 2013). "Third of four runways reopens at SFO, officials say". The Los Angeles Times. Retrieved July 7, 2013.
  76. ^ Jin, Hyunjoo (July 7, 2013). Tait, Paul (ed.). "Plane, engines not at fault in Asiana crash: CEO". Reuters. Retrieved July 9, 2013. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  77. ^ France-Presse, Agence (July 9, 2013). "Asiana CEO defends 'very experienced' crash pilots". ABS-CBNnews.com. Retrieved July 9, 2013.
  78. ^ "Asiana chief defends "very experienced" crash pilots". Channel NewsAsia. AFP/nd. July 9, 2013. Retrieved July 9, 2013.
  79. ^ Shih, Gerry (July 9, 2013). "Asiana Airlines CEO in San Francisco for crash probe". Reuters. Retrieved July 9, 2013.
  80. ^ "Asiana Airlines CEO Apologizes to Families". NBC Bay Area News. July 9, 2013. Retrieved July 9, 2013.
  81. ^ Asiana Airlines flying in victims' families from overseas | www.ktvu.com
  82. ^ "Asiana (OZ) #214 Flight Tracker - FlightAware". FlightAware. Retrieved July 10, 2013.
  83. ^ {{broken ref |prefix=Cite error: The named reference {
    Unexpected use of template {{1}} - see Template:1 for details. (see the help page).
  84. ^ a b Hawon, Jung (July 9, 2013). "Crash 'mars Asiana's image' after years of efforts". AFP. Retrieved July 10, 2013.
  85. ^ Riley, Charles (July 7, 2013). "Asiana Airlines shares tumble after San Francisco crash". CNN Money. Retrieved July 10, 2013.
  86. ^ a b Kwanwoo Jun (July 8, 2013). "Asiana Airlines Shares Tumble After Plane Crash". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved July 10, 2013.
  87. ^ Huang, Carol (July 8, 2013). "Chinese mourn Asiana jet crash deaths". ABS-CBN News. Archived from the original on July 10, 2013. Retrieved July 10, 2013. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  88. ^ "Christian school mourn teen plane crash victims". USA Today. Retrieved July 10, 2013.
  89. ^ Twitter / BoeingAirplanes: We extend our deepest condolences
  90. ^ "Boeing Statement on Asiana Airlines Flight 214" (Press release). Boeing. July 6, 2013. Retrieved July 10, 2013.

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Asiana Airlines Flight 214.


Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Asiana_Airlines_Flight_214&oldid=563917405"