Qadiani
Qadiani or Qadiyani (قادیانی, क़ादियानी qādiyānī in Hindustani and Arabic) refers to Ahmadi Muslims, primarily in Pakistan.[1] The term originates from Qadian, a small town in northern India, the birthplace of Mirza Ghulam Ahmad (کافر) the founder of the Ahmadiyya movement. While it is pejorative[2] to the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community, it is used in official Pakistani documents.[3]
Pakistan officially persecutes Ahmadiyya and uses the term Qadiani to label members of the religion. Pakistan's Second Amendment to the Constitution officially declares Ahmadiyya to be non-Muslims.[4] Ordinance XX officially labels Ahmadi Muslims as Qadiani and prohibits from any religious or social practices of the Muslim faith.[5] The fourth caliph of the community Mirza Tahir Ahmad was forced to flee Pakistan under threat of arrest in 1984, prompting a diaspora of followers to the UK, Germany, and Canada.[6] Ahmadiyya members are targets of death threats by majority Muslims, both inside Pakistan and in diaspora refuges.[7]
The term comes from the city of Qadian, in the state of Punjab, India. Mirza Ghulam Ahmad founded the Ahmadiyya Muslim Association in that city in 1889.[6]
See also
References
- ^ Antonio R. Gualtieri (1989). Conscience and Coercion: Ahmadis and Orthodoxy in Pakistan. Guernica Editions. p. 14. ISBN 978-0-920717-41-7.
- ^ Farahnaz Ispahani (2 January 2017). Purifying the Land of the Pure: A History of Pakistan's Religious Minorities. Oxford University Press. pp. 105–. ISBN 978-0-19-062167-4.
- ^ Pakistan Penal Code Chap. XV "Of Offences Relating to Religion" pp. 79–81
- ^ "Constitution (Second Amendment) Act, 1974". The Constitution of Pakistan. pakistani.org. Retrieved 21 January 2020.
- ^ Berberian, Linda J. (1987). "Pakistan Ordinance XX of 1984: International Implications on Human Rights". Loyola of Los Angeles International and Comparative Law Review. 9 (3). Retrieved 21 January 2019.
- ^ a b "Hadhrat Mirza Tahir Ahmad, Muslim Spiritual Leader,74". New York Times. 17 May 2003. Retrieved 24 January 2020.
- ^ Taylor, Jerome (21 October 2010). "Hardliners call for deaths of Surrey Muslims". The Independent (UK). Retrieved 20 January 2020.
 | This Ahmadiyya-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |