2024 Haneda Airport runway collision

Coordinates: 35°32′50″N 139°47′59″E / 35.54722°N 139.79972°E / 35.54722; 139.79972
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2024 Haneda Airport runway collision
Japan Airlines Flight 516 · Japan Coast Guard DHC-8
Wreckage of JA13XJ the day after the collision
Accident
Date2 January 2024 (2024-01-02)
SummaryRunway collision
SiteRunway 34R, Haneda Airport, Tokyo, Japan
35°32′50″N 139°47′59″E / 35.54722°N 139.79972°E / 35.54722; 139.79972
Total fatalities5
Total injuries15
Total survivors380
First aircraft

JA13XJ, the Japan Airlines Airbus A350 involved in the accident, pictured at Fukuoka in 2023
TypeAirbus A350-941[Note 1]
OperatorJapan Airlines
IATA flight No.JL516
ICAO flight No.JAL516
Call signJAPAN AIR 516
RegistrationJA13XJ
Flight originNew Chitose Airport, Sapporo, Japan
DestinationHaneda Airport, Tokyo, Japan
Occupants379
Passengers367
Crew12
Fatalities0
Injuries14
Survivors379
Second aircraft

JA722A, the Japan Coast Guard Dash 8 involved in the accident, pictured at Haneda Airport in 2023
TypeDHC-8-315 Dash 8
NameMizunagi[1]
OperatorJapan Coast Guard
RegistrationJA722A
Flight originHaneda Airport, Tokyo, Japan
DestinationNiigata Airport, Niigata, Japan
Occupants6
Crew6
Fatalities5
Injuries1
Survivors1

On 2 January 2024, at approximately 17:47 JST (08:47 UTC), a runway collision occurred between Japan Airlines Flight 516, an Airbus A350-900, and JA722A, a De Havilland Canada Dash 8 operated by the Japanese Coast Guard. Flight 516 was a scheduled domestic passenger flight from New Chitose Airport near Sapporo, Japan, to Haneda Airport in Tokyo. While Flight 516 was landing at Haneda Airport, the two aircraft collided and caught fire.[2][3][4][5] The collision killed five of the six crew onboard the Dash 8, but all 367 passengers and 12 crew were evacuated from the A350 with no loss of life.[6][7]

Both aircraft were destroyed by fire following the crash,[8][9] marking the first serious incident involving an A350 and the first hull loss of the type since its introduction in 2015, as well as the first hull loss by accident of an all-composite aircraft.[10][11] It was both the first fatal accident and the first hull loss involving a Japan Airlines aircraft since the crash of Flight 123 in 1985.[12]

Aircraft

The Japan Airlines (JAL) aircraft involved in the accident was an Airbus A350-941,[Note 1] registered as JA13XJ with manufacturer serial number 538. The aircraft was about two years old at the time of the collision, taking its first flight on 20 September 2021 and was delivered to JAL on 10 November that same year.[13][14]

The Japan Coast Guard aircraft involved was a De Havilland Canada Dash 8-300, registered as JA722A with manufacturer serial number 656. The aircraft was about 16 years old, taking its first flight in November 2007, and was delivered to the Coast Guard in March 2009.[15] The aircraft involved was damaged in the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami while it was parked at Sendai Airport and was the only aircraft damaged there to be repaired after the disaster.[16]

Incident

Airport layout

JAL Flight 516 departed New Chitose Airport at 16:27 JST (07:27 UTC) en route to Haneda Airport.[17] While the flight would land after dark, the weather conditions at Haneda were unremarkable: light and variable winds, visibility greater than 10 km (6.2 mi), few clouds at 2,000 ft (610 m) and a scattered cloud layer at 9,000 ft (2,700 m).[18]

At approximately 17:47 JST (08:47 UTC), while landing at Haneda Airport on runway 34R, Flight 516 collided with a Japan Coast Guard DHC-8-315 Dash 8.[17][19] CCTV footage shows a fireball erupted from the planes, with the JAL aircraft leaving a fiery trail as it moved down the runway[20] before coming to a stop,[21] and smoke entered its cabin.[22][23] Fire services arrived at the site in about three minutes, with about 100 fire engines responding.[20] According to the Tokyo Fire Department, the fire was mostly extinguished shortly after midnight,[24] by which time the plane's structure had collapsed due to the intensity of the flames.[25] The collision and subsequent fire were caught on CCTV video from Terminal 2.[26]

All 367 passengers and 12 crew members onboard JAL Flight 516 exited using three of the aircraft's eight evacuation slides[27][28][29][5] located in the front of the plane.[30] JAL said the aircraft’s in-flight announcement system stopped functioning, forcing the crew to give out instructions using megaphones and their voices.[27][9] Among those onboard were 12 Australian nationals[31] and eight children.[32] Fourteen people onboard had minor injuries,[33][34][35] with four of them being sent to a hospital.[25] It was observed that no one exited with their carry-on luggage, a factor which aided smoother evacuation from the aircraft.[36] Another factor cited in the survival of those on board was that the aircraft, which is one of the first commercial models to be made of composite, carbon-fibre materials, also appeared to have relatively withstood the initial impact of the collision and fire.[30] The evacuation was completed within a span of 20 minutes.[25]

The Japan Coast Guard aircraft carrying six crew members were preparing to fly supplies to an airbase in Niigata in response to the Sea of Japan earthquake which happened the day before.[20] It was one of four aircraft deployed by the government to provide help to the affected areas.[37] The captain, who reported that his aircraft had exploded following the collision,[25] survived with serious injuries, while the five remaining crew members were confirmed dead by the Tokyo Fire Department.[38][39][40][41][42] The wreckage of the Japan Airlines plane wound up several hundred metres from where the Coast Guard aircraft was.[43]

Aftermath

A sign indicating the suspension of ANA flights inside Terminal 2 of Haneda Airport

Although all passenger and crew on the Airbus A350 were evacuated with few minor injuries, the plane was damaged beyond repair. The aircraft following immediately behind Flight 516 – JAL166, a Boeing 737-800 approaching runway 34R – performed a go-around at 1,150 feet (350 m) before diverting to Narita Airport. There were also several flights waiting for takeoff; most returned to the terminal after the runways were closed.[44]

The incident occurred as millions were traveling for the New Year holidays, one of the busiest travel periods of the year. All runways at Haneda Airport were temporarily closed following the crash, and many flights were diverted to nearby Narita International Airport, as well as Chubu Centrair International Airport and Kansai International Airport.[45] Others were cancelled as the result of the crash,[46][47] with All Nippon Airways registering 112 domestic flight cancellations for the rest of the day[48] and Japan Airlines cancelling 116 domestic flights.[21] At around 21:30 JST (12:30 UTC), Haneda Airport's remaining three runways were reopened according to the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (MLIT).[49] Additional cancellations were announced on 3 January, while a total of 20,000 passengers were affected by flight disruptions following the accident.[50]

The Japanese government set up an information liaison office at the Crisis Management Center in the Prime Minister's Office.[51] The Japan Transport Safety Board announced that a formal investigation will begin on 3 January 2024.[52]

Reactions

Japanese Prime Minister Fumio Kishida extended his condolences to the dead, referring to their service to the victims of the 2024 Sea of Japan earthquake.[53]

IATA posted on Twitter extending its condolences to the passengers and crew onboard the two aircraft. They also expressed condolences regarding the previous day's earthquake.[54]

Airbus released a statement confirming it was in communication with JAL and would "communicate further details when available".[55][56] It also said that it was sending specialists to help in the investigation.[25]

JAL released a statement confirming the events of the runway collision, and sent condolences to the families and friends of the five people killed. It also apologized for the inconvenience and distress caused to passengers, friends, families and everyone affected by the incident, and gave assurances that it would cooperate with the investigation.[57] JAL also offered cancelation of all flights before April 1, 2024 with full refunds without any fess.[58]

Investigation

The Japan Transport Safety Board announced that it had recovered the flight data and voice recorders of the coast guard aircraft, while the search for those of the JAL plane was ongoing.[59]

The French Bureau of Enquiry and Analysis for Civil Aviation Safety (BEA) announced on Twitter that they will be cooperating with Airbus during the investigation.[60][61] It also added that it would send a team to Japan to investigate the incident.[62]

Following the collision, the MLIT announced that prior to the accident, air traffic controllers cleared the JAL aircraft to land on runway 34R,[63] while the Coast Guard aircraft was instructed to hold short of the runway and remain on the taxiway.[64] However, NHK, citing a source within the coast guard, reported that the pilot of the coast guard plane claimed to have received clearance to take off.[43] It also reported that police were investigating possible professional negligence as a cause of the incident.[25]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ a b The 9 in the suffix denotes that it was a -900 series variant of the A350; 41 is the Airbus type code designating that this aircraft was equipped with Trent XWB-75 engines. At the time of the collision, no other engine choices were available.

References

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External links

Media related to 2024 Haneda Airport runway collision at Wikimedia Commons

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