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List of prime ministers of Australia

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Thirty people have served as Prime Minister of Australia since the office was created in 1901.[1]

The parties shown are those to which the prime ministers belonged at the time they held office, and the electoral divisions shown are those they represented while in office. Several prime ministers belonged to parties other than those given and represented other electorates before and after their time in office.

List of officeholders

Political parties

  Australian Labor Party   Liberal Party of Australia   Australian Country Party   Nationalist Party
  United Australia Party   Commonwealth Liberal Party   National Labor Party   Free Trade Party   Protectionist Party

No. Portrait Name
(Birth–Death) 		Elections Term of office Party Electorate served Ministry Ref
Took office Left office Time in office
style="background:Template:Protectionist Party/meta/color; color:black;" |1 Sir Edmund Barton
(1849–1920) 		1901 1 January
1901 		24 September
1903 		2 years,

266 days

Protectionist Hunter, NSW,
1901–1903 (resigned) 		Barton [2]
style="background:Template:Protectionist Party/meta/color; color:black;" |2 Alfred Deakin
(1856–1919) 		1903 24 September
1903 		27 April
1904 		216 days Protectionist Ballaarat, Vic,[Note 1]
1901–1913 (retired) 		1st Deakin [3]
style="background:Template:Australian Labor Party/meta/color; color:black;" |3 Chris Watson
(1867–1941) 		— 27 April
1904 		18 August
1904 		113 days Labor Bland, NSW,
1901–1906
South Sydney, NSW,
1906–1910 (retired) 		Watson [4]
style="background:Template:Free Trade Party/meta/color; color:black;" |4 George Reid
(1845–1918) 		— 18 August
1904 		5 July
1905 		321 days Free Trade East Sydney, NSW,
1901–1909 (resigned) 		Reid [5]
style="background:Template:Protectionist Party/meta/color; color:black;" |(2) Alfred Deakin
(1856–1919) 		1906 5 July
1905 		13 November
1908 		3 years,

131 days

Protectionist Ballaarat, Vic,[Note 1]
1901–1913 (retired) 		2nd Deakin
style="background:Template:Australian Labor Party/meta/color; color:black;" |5 Andrew Fisher
(1862–1928) 		— 13 November
1908 		2 June
1909 		201 days Labor Wide Bay, Qld,
1901–1915 (resigned) 		1st Fisher [6]
style="background:Template:Commonwealth Liberal Party/meta/color; color:black;" |(2) Alfred Deakin
(1856–1919) 		— 2 June
1909 		29 April
1910 		331 days Commonwealth Liberal Ballaarat, Vic,[Note 1]
1901–1913 (retired) 		3rd Deakin
style="background:Template:Australian Labor Party/meta/color; color:black;" |(5) Andrew Fisher
(1862–1928) 		1910 29 April
1910 		24 June
1913 		3 years,

56 days

Labor Wide Bay, Qld,
1901–1915 (resigned) 		2nd Fisher
style="background:Template:Commonwealth Liberal Party/meta/color; color:black;" |6 Joseph Cook
(1860–1947) 		1913 24 June
1913 		17 September
1914 		1 year,

85 days

Commonwealth Liberal Parramatta, NSW,
1901–1921 (resigned) 		Cook [7]
style="background:Template:Australian Labor Party/meta/color; color:black;" |(5) Andrew Fisher
(1862–1928) 		1914 17 September
1914 		27 October
1915 		1 year,

40 days

Labor Wide Bay, Qld,
1901–1915 (resigned) 		3rd Fisher
style="background:Template:Australian Labor Party/meta/color; color:black;" | Billy Hughes
(1862–1952) 		— 27 October
1915 		14 November
1916 		7 years,

105 days

Labor West Sydney, NSW,
1901–1917
Bendigo, Vic,
1917–1922
North Sydney, NSW,
1922–1949
Bradfield, NSW,
1949–1952 (died) 		1st Hughes [8]
style="background:Template:National Labor Party/meta/color; color:black;" | 7 — 14 November
1916		 17 February
1917 		National Labor 2nd Hughes
rowspan="3" style="background:Template:Nationalist Party (Australia)/meta/color; color:black;" | — 17 February
1917		 9 February
1923 		Nationalist 3rd Hughes
1917 4th Hughes
1919 5th Hughes
rowspan="3" style="background:Template:Nationalist Party (Australia)/meta/color; color:black;" |8 Stanley Bruce
(1883–1967) 		1922 9 February
1923 		22 October
1929 		6 years,

255 days

Nationalist
(Coalition) 		Flinders, Vic,
1918–1929 (defeated) ;
1931–1933 (resigned) 		1st Bruce [9]
1925 2nd Bruce
1928 3rd Bruce
style="background:Template:Australian Labor Party/meta/color; color:black;" |9 James Scullin
(1876–1953) 		1929 22 October
1929 		6 January
1932 		2 years,

76 days

Labor Corangamite, Vic,
1910–1913 (defeated)
Yarra, Vic,
1922–1949 (retired) 		Scullin [10]
rowspan="4" style="background:Template:United Australia Party/meta/color; color:white;" |10 Joseph Lyons
(1879–1939) 		1931 6 January
1932 		7 April
1939† 		7 years,

91 days

United Australia
(Coalition post-1934) 		Wilmot, Tas,
1929–1939 (died) 		1st Lyons [11]
1934 2nd Lyons
— 3rd Lyons
1937 4th Lyons
style="background:Template:National Party of Australia/meta/color; color:white;" |11 Sir Earle Page
(1880–1961) 		— 7 April
1939 		26 April
1939 		19 days Country
(Coalition) 		Cowper, NSW
1919–1961 (defeated) 		Page [12]
rowspan="3" style="background:Template:United Australia Party/meta/color; color:white;" |12 Robert Menzies
(1894–1978) 		— 26 April
1939 		29 August
1941 		2 years,

125 days

United Australia
(Coalition post-1940) 		Kooyong, Vic,
1934–1966 (resigned) 		1st Menzies [13]
2nd Menzies
1940 3rd Menzies
style="background:Template:National Party of Australia/meta/color; color:white;" |13 Arthur Fadden
(1894–1973) 		— 29 August
1941 		7 October
1941 		39 days Country
(Coalition) 		Darling Downs, Qld
1936–1949
McPherson, Qld
1949–1958 (retired) 		Fadden [14]
rowspan="2" style="background:Template:Australian Labor Party/meta/color; color:black;" |14 John Curtin
(1885–1945) 		— 7 October
1941 		5 July
1945† 		3 years,

271 days

Labor Fremantle, WA,
1928–1931 (defeated) ;
1934–1945 (died) 		1st Curtin
1943 2nd Curtin
style="background:Template:Australian Labor Party/meta/color; color:black;" |15 Frank Forde
(1890–1983) 		— 6 July
1945 		13 July
1945 		7 days Labor Capricornia, Qld,
1922–1946 (defeated) 		Forde
rowspan="2" style="background:Template:Australian Labor Party/meta/color; color:black;" |16 Ben Chifley
(1885–1951) 		— 13 July
1945 		19 December
1949 		4 years,

159 days

Labor Macquarie, NSW,
1928–1931 (defeated) ;
1940–1951 (died) 		1st Chifley
1946 2nd Chifley
rowspan="7" style="background:Template:Liberal Party of Australia/meta/color; color:white;" |(12) Sir Robert Menzies
(1894–1978) 		1949 19 December
1949 		26 January
1966 		16 years,

38 days

Liberal
(Coalition) 		Kooyong, Vic,
1934–1966 (resigned) 		4th Menzies
1951 5th Menzies
1954 6th Menzies
1955 7th Menzies
1958 8th Menzies
1961 9th Menzies
1963 10th Menzies
rowspan="2" style="background:Template:Liberal Party of Australia/meta/color; color:white;" |17 Harold Holt
(1908–1967) 		— 26 January
1966 		19 December
1967† 		1 year,

327 days

Liberal
(Coalition) 		Fawkner, Vic,
1935–1949
Higgins, Vic,
1949–1967 (died) 		1st Holt
1966 2nd Holt
style="background:Template:National Party of Australia/meta/color; color:white;" |18 John McEwen
(1900–1980) 		— 19 December
1967 		10 January
1968 		22 days Country
(Coalition) 		Echuca, Vic,
1934–1937
Indi, Vic,
1937–1949
Murray, Vic,
1949–1971 (resigned) 		McEwen
rowspan="2" style="background:Template:Liberal Party of Australia/meta/color; color:white;" |19 John Gorton
(1911–2002) 		— 10 January
1968 		10 March
1971 		3 years,

59 days

Liberal
(Coalition) 		Senator 1950–1968 (resigned)[Note 2]

MP for Higgins, Vic,
1968–1975 (retired)[Note 3]

1st Gorton
1969 2nd Gorton
style="background:Template:Liberal Party of Australia/meta/color; color:white;" |20 William McMahon
(1908–1988) 		— 10 March
1971 		5 December
1972 		1 year,

270 days

Liberal
(Coalition) 		Lowe, NSW,
1949–1982 (resigned) 		McMahon
rowspan="3" style="background:Template:Australian Labor Party/meta/color; color:black;" |21 Gough Whitlam
(1916–2014) 		1972 5 December
1972 		11 November
1975 		2 years,

341 days

Labor Werriwa, NSW,
1952–1978 (resigned) 		1st Whitlam
— 2nd Whitlam
1974 3rd Whitlam
rowspan="4" style="background:Template:Liberal Party of Australia/meta/color; color:white;" |22 Malcolm Fraser
(1930–2015) 		— 11 November
1975 		11 March
1983 		7 years,

120 days

Liberal
(Coalition) 		Wannon, Vic,
1955–1983 (resigned) 		1st Fraser
1975 2nd Fraser
1977 3rd Fraser
1980 4th Fraser
rowspan="4" style="background:Template:Australian Labor Party/meta/color; color:black;" |23 Bob Hawke
(1929–2019) 		1983 11 March
1983 		20 December
1991 		8 years,

284 days

Labor Wills, Vic,
1980–1992 (resigned) 		1st Hawke
1984 2nd Hawke
1987 3rd Hawke
1990 4th Hawke
rowspan="2" style="background:Template:Australian Labor Party/meta/color; color:black;" |24 Paul Keating
(b. 1944) 		— 20 December
1991 		11 March
1996 		4 years,

82 days

Labor Blaxland, NSW,
1969–1996 (resigned) 		1st Keating
1993 2nd Keating
rowspan="4" style="background:Template:Liberal Party of Australia/meta/color; color:white;" |25 John Howard
(b. 1939) 		1996 11 March
1996 		3 December
2007 		11 years,

267 days

Liberal
(Coalition) 		Bennelong, NSW,
1974–2007 (defeated) 		1st Howard
1998 2nd Howard
2001 3rd Howard
2004 4th Howard
style="background:Template:Australian Labor Party/meta/color; color:black;" |26 Kevin Rudd
(b. 1957) 		2007 3 December
2007 		24 June
2010 		2 years,

203 days

Labor Griffith, Qld,
1998–2013 (resigned) 		1st Rudd
rowspan="2" style="background:Template:Australian Labor Party/meta/color; color:black;" |27 Julia Gillard
(b. 1961) 		— 24 June
2010 		27 June
2013 		3 years,

3 days

Labor Lalor, Vic,
1998–2013 (retired) 		1st Gillard
2010 2nd Gillard
style="background:Template:Australian Labor Party/meta/color; color:black;" |(26) Kevin Rudd
(b. 1957) 		— 27 June
2013 		18 September
2013 		83 days Labor Griffith, Qld,
1998–2013 (resigned) 		2nd Rudd
style="background:Template:Liberal Party of Australia/meta/color; color:white;" |28 Tony Abbott
(b. 1957) 		2013 18 September
2013 		15 September
2015 		1 year,

362 days

Liberal
(Coalition) 		Warringah, NSW,
1994–2019 (defeated) 		Abbott
rowspan="2" style="background:Template:Liberal Party of Australia/meta/color; color:white;" |29 Malcolm Turnbull
(b. 1954) 		— 15 September
2015 		24 August
2018 		2 years,

343 days

Liberal
(Coalition) 		Wentworth, NSW,
2004–2018 (resigned) 		1st Turnbull
2016 2nd Turnbull
rowspan="2" style="background:Template:Liberal Party of Australia/meta/color; color:white;" |30 Scott Morrison
(b. 1968) 		— 24 August
2018 		Incumbent 6 years, 86 days[Note 4] Liberal
(Coalition) 		Cook, NSW,
since 2007 		1st Morrison
2019 2nd Morrison

Timeline

Australia Prime Ministers of Australia (1901–today)
Scott MorrisonMalcolm TurnbullTony AbbottJulia GillardKevin RuddJohn HowardPaul KeatingBob HawkeMalcolm FraserGough WhitlamWilliam McMahonJohn GortonJohn McEwenHarold HoltBen ChifleyFrank FordeJohn CurtinArthur FaddenRobert MenziesEarle PageJoseph LyonsJames ScullinStanley BruceBilly HughesJoseph CookAndrew FisherGeorge ReidChris WatsonAlfred DeakinEdmund Barton

See also

Notes

  1. ^ a b c The Electoral Division of Ballaarat was spelled with a double a until 1977.
  2. ^ Gorton was elected to the Senate at the general election of 10 December 1949, but his term did not commence until 22 February 1950. He was appointed Prime Minister on 10 January 1968; resigned from the Senate on 1 February; and was elected to the House of Representatives at a by-election on 24 February.
  3. ^ Gorton retired from the House of Representatives at the double dissolution of 11 November 1975, and stood for an Australian Capital Territory Senate seat as an independent at the general election of 13 December 1975, but was unsuccessful.
  4. ^ Scott Morrison's time in office as of 18 November 2024

References

  1. ^ "Prime Minister". Parliamentary Education Office. Retrieved 15 April 2016.
  2. ^ Rutledge, Martha. "Barton, Sir Edmund (1849–1920)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Australian National University. Retrieved 21 October 2008.
  3. ^ Norris, R. (1981). "Deakin, Alfred (1856–1919)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. ISBN 978-0-522-84459-7. ISSN 1833-7538. OCLC 70677943. Retrieved 21 October 2008.
  4. ^ Nairn, Bede (1990). "Watson, John Christian (1867–1941)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. ISBN 978-0-522-84459-7. ISSN 1833-7538. OCLC 70677943. Retrieved 21 October 2008.
  5. ^ McMinn, W. G. "Reid, Sir George Houstoun (1845–1918)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Australian National University. Retrieved 21 October 2008.
  6. ^ Murphy, D. J. "Fisher, Andrew (1862–1928)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Australian National University. Retrieved 21 October 2008.
  7. ^ Crowley, F. K. "Cook, Sir Joseph (1860–1947)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Australian National University. Retrieved 21 October 2008.
  8. ^ Fitzhardinge, L. F. "Hughes, William Morris (Billy) (1862–1952)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Australian National University. Retrieved 21 October 2008.
  9. ^ Radi, Heather (1979). "Bruce, Stanley Melbourne [Viscount Bruce] (1883–1967)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. ISBN 978-0-522-84459-7. ISSN 1833-7538. OCLC 70677943. Retrieved 21 October 2008.
  10. ^ Robertson, J. R. (1988). "Scullin, James Henry (1876–1953)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. ISBN 978-0-522-84459-7. ISSN 1833-7538. OCLC 70677943. Retrieved 21 October 2008.
  11. ^ Hart, P. R. (1986). "Lyons, Joseph Aloysius (1879–1939)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. ISBN 978-0-522-84459-7. ISSN 1833-7538. OCLC 70677943. Retrieved 21 October 2008. {{cite encyclopedia}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  12. ^ Bridge, Carl. "Page, Sir Earle Christmas Grafton (1880–1961)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. ISBN 978-0-522-84459-7. ISSN 1833-7538. OCLC 70677943. Retrieved 21 October 2008.
  13. ^ Martin, A. W. "Menzies, Sir Robert Gordon (Bob) (1894–1978)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. ISBN 978-0-522-84459-7. ISSN 1833-7538. OCLC 70677943. Retrieved 22 November 2008.
  14. ^ Cribb, Margaret Bridson. "Fadden, Sir Arthur William (1894–1973)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. ISBN 978-0-522-84459-7. ISSN 1833-7538. OCLC 70677943. Retrieved 22 November 2008.
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