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Marion, Kansas

Coordinates: 38°20′56″N 97°0′58″W / 38.34889°N 97.01611°W / 38.34889; -97.01611
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Marion, Kansas
City and County seat
Marion County Courthouse (2009)
Marion County Courthouse (2009)
Location within Marion County and Kansas
Location within Marion County and Kansas
KDOT map of Marion County (legend)
KDOT map of Marion County (legend)
Coordinates: 38°20′56″N 97°0′58″W / 38.34889°N 97.01611°W / 38.34889; -97.01611[1]
CountryUnited States
StateKansas
CountyMarion
TownshipCentre
Platted1866, 1871, 1873
Incorporated1888
Named forFrancis Marion
Government
 • TypeMayor–Council
 • MayorTodd Heitschmidt
Area
[2]
 • Total2.99 sq mi (7.7 km2)
 • Land2.98 sq mi (7.7 km2)
 • Water0.01 sq mi (0.03 km2)
Elevation
[1]
1,312 ft (400 m)
Population
 (2010)[3]
 • Total1,927
 • Estimate 
(2018)[4]
1,787
 • Density640/sq mi (250/km2)
Time zoneUTC-6 (CST)
 • Summer (DST)UTC-5 (CDT)
ZIP code
66861
Area code620
FIPS code20-44750 [1]
GNIS ID0477366 [1]
Websitemarionks.net
W i k i p e d i a

Marion is a city in, and the county seat of, Marion County, Kansas, United States.[1] It was named in honor of Francis Marion, a Brigadier General of the American Revolutionary War, known as the "Swamp Fox".[5] At the 2010 census, the city population was 1,927.[6]

History

Marion Library, in former Santa Fe depot (grain elevator in background) (2011)

Early history

See also: History of Kansas

For many millennia, the Great Plains of North America was inhabited by nomadic Native Americans. From the 16th century to 18th century, the Kingdom of France claimed ownership of large parts of North America. In 1762, after the French and Indian War, France secretly ceded New France to Spain, per the Treaty of Fontainebleau.

19th century

1915 Railroad Map of Marion County

In 1802, Spain returned most of the land to France. In 1803, most of the land for modern day Kansas was acquired by the United States from France as part of the 828,000 square mile Louisiana Purchase for 2.83 cents per acre.

In 1806, Zebulon Pike led the Pike Expedition westward from St Louis, Missouri, of which part of their journey followed the Cottonwood River through Marion County near the current cities of Florence, Marion, Durham.[7]

In 1854, the Kansas Territory was organized, then in 1861 Kansas became the 34th U.S. state. In 1855, Marion County was established within the Kansas Territory, which included the land for modern day Marion.[8]

The city of Marion Centre was founded in 1860 and became the county seat. A post office was established in Marion Centre on September 30, 1862 then was renamed to Marion on October 15, 1881.[9] The namesake of the city is Francis Marion.[10]

As early as 1875, city leaders of Marion held a meeting to consider a branch railroad from Florence. In 1878, Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway and parties from Marion County and McPherson County chartered the Marion and McPherson Railway Company.[11] In 1879, a branch line was built from Florence to McPherson, in 1880 it was extended to Lyons, in 1881 it was extended to Ellinwood.[12] The line was leased and operated by the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway. The line from Florence to Marion, was abandoned in 1968.[13] In 1992, the line from Marion to McPherson was sold to Central Kansas Railway. In 1993, after heavy flood damage, the line from Marion to McPherson was abandoned. The original branch line connected Florence, Marion, Canada, Hillsboro, Lehigh, Canton, Galva, McPherson, Conway, Windom, Little River, Mitchell, Lyons, Chase, Ellinwood. Later, the Santa Fe depot building was converted into the Marion Library. Most locals still refer to this railroad as the "Santa Fe".

In 1887, the Chicago, Kansas and Nebraska Railway built a branch line north-south from Herington through Marion to Caldwell.[14] It foreclosed in 1891 and was taken over by Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railway, which shut down in 1980 and reorganized as Oklahoma, Kansas and Texas Railroad, merged in 1988 with Missouri Pacific Railroad, and finally merged in 1997 with Union Pacific Railroad. Most locals still refer to this railroad as the "Rock Island".

In 1888, Marion incorporated as a city.

In 1889, the Marion Belt and Chingawasa Springs Railroad built a 4.5-mile (7.2 km) railroad from Marion north-east to Chingawasa Springs. A hotel was built near the site of the spa at Chingawasa Springs, and a depot and eatery as well. Both Santa Fe and Rock Island offered round trip fares from Chicago and western cities to Chingawasa Springs. An economic panic in 1893 closed down the health spa and hotel, and quarry business along the tracks never developed sufficiently. In 1893, the railroad ceased operations, and tracks were removed in 1910.[15][16]

20th century

Marion business district (2009)

The National Old Trails Road, also known as the Ocean-to-Ocean Highway, was established in 1912, and was routed through Lehigh, Hillsboro, Marion and Lost Springs.

In 1937, the Marion County Lake was completed by the Civilian Conservation Corps south-east of Marion for the purpose of recreation. There were numerous floods during the early history of Marion. In June and July 1951, due to heavy rains, rivers and streams flooded numerous cities in Kansas, including Marion. Many reservoirs and levees were built in Kansas as part of a response to the Great Flood of 1951. From 1964 to 1968, the Marion Reservoir was constructed north-west of Marion. Downstream from the Marion Reservoir, levees were built in the low areas of Marion and Florence.

21st century

In 2010, the Keystone-Cushing Pipeline (Phase II) was constructed west of Marion, north to south through Marion County, with much controversy over road damage, tax exemption, and environmental concerns (if a leak ever occurs).[17][18]

Geography

Francis Marion (late 1700s)

Marion is located at 38°20′56″N 97°0′58″W / 38.34889°N 97.01611°W / 38.34889; -97.01611 (38.348952, −97.016037),[1] in the Flint Hills. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 2.99 square miles (7.74 km2), of which 2.98 square miles (7.72 km2) is land and 0.01 square miles (0.03 km2) is water.[2]

Climate

The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Marion has a humid subtropical climate, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.[19]

Area events

  • Chingawassa Days Festival[20]
  • Old Settler's Day[21]
  • Art in the Park and Craft Show[22]

Area attractions

Marion has five listings on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP).

  • Elgin Hotel[23][24] (NRHP), 115 North 3rd Street. Currently a Bed and Breakfast.
  • First Presbyterian Church[25] (NRHP), 610 East Lawrence Street.
  • Hill Grade School[26] (NRHP), 601 East Main Street.
  • Marion County Courthouse[27][28] (NRHP), 200 South 3rd Street.
  • Marion County Museum,[29] 623 East Main Street. Formerly the First Baptist Church from 1882 to mid-1950s.
  • Marion County Lake, 1-mile (1.6 km) east of Marion on 190th Street (Main) then 1.75 miles (2.82 km) south on Upland Road.
  • Marion Reservoir, exits closest to farther from Marion along US-56: Marion cove and Cottonwood Point cove (Pawnee Road), Overlook and Dam (Old Mill Road), Hillsboro cove (Nighthawk Road), French Creek cove (Limestone Road).

Demographics

Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
1880857—
18902,047138.9%
19001,824−10.9%
19101,8410.9%
19201,9284.7%
19301,9591.6%
19402,0866.5%
19502,050−1.7%
19602,1695.8%
19702,052−5.4%
19801,951−4.9%
19901,906−2.3%
20002,11010.7%
20101,927−8.7%
2018 (est.)1,787[4]−7.3%
U.S. Decennial Census

2010 census

At the 2010 census,[3] there were 1,927 people, 846 households, and 514 families residing in the city. The population density was 646.6 per square mile (249.7/km2). There were 973 housing units at an average density of 326.5 per square mile (126.1/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 97.6% White, 0.6% African American, 0.3% Native American, 0.1% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 0.5% from other races, and 0.8% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.4% of the population.

There were 846 households of which 28.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.3% were married couples living together, 9.6% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.9% had a male householder with no wife present, and 39.2% were non-families. 36.2% of all households were made up of individuals and 19.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.23 and the average family size was 2.90.

The median age was 44 years. 24.3% of residents were under the age of 18; 6.6% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 20.5% were from 25 to 44; 25.6% were from 45 to 64; and 23% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup was 47.5% male and 52.5% female.

2000 census

At the 2000 census,[30] there were 2,110 people, 859 households and 556 families residing in the city. The population density was 948.6 per square mile (367.0/km²). There were 968 housing units at an average density of 435.2 per square mile (168.4/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 97.58% White, 0.05% African American, 0.81% Native American, 0.09% Asian, 0.24% from other races, and 1.23% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.37% of the population.

There were 859 households of which 29.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.8% were married couples living together, 5.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.2% were non-families. 31.9% of all households were made up of individuals and 20.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.34 and the average family size was 2.94.

25.5% of the population were under the age of 18, 5.5% from 18 to 24, 22.8% from 25 to 44, 19.6% from 45 to 64, and 26.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females, there were 86.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 83.0 males.

The median household income was $32,125 and the median family income was $42,202. Males had a median income of $30,907 compared with $23,929 for females. The per capita income for the city was $16,464. About 5.3% of families and 6.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 8.5% of those under age 18 and 7.5% of those age 65 or over.

Government

City

The Marion government consists of a mayor and four council members. The city council meets every other Monday at 4:30pm.

  • City Hall, 203 N 3rd St.
  • Police and Fire Department, 112 N 5th St.

County

  • Marion County Courthouse, 203 S 4th St.

U.S.

  • U.S. Post Office, 423 E Main St.
  • U.S. Consolidated Farm Service Agency, 301 Eisenhower Dr.

Education

Primary and secondary education

The community is served by Marion USD 408 public school district. The high school is a member of T.E.E.N., a shared video teaching network between five area high schools.[31]

Library

Each USD 408 school has a library for student access. The city is served by the Marion City Library at 101 Library Street. The library is a member of the North Central Kansas Libraries System, which provides an inter-library book loan service between its members.[32]

Media

See also: List of newspapers in Kansas, List of radio stations in Kansas, and List of television stations in Kansas

Print

Radio

Marion is served by numerous radio stations from the Wichita-Hutchinson listening market area,[33] and satellite radio. (See Media in Wichita, Kansas.)

Television

Marion is served by over-the-air ATSC digital TV of the Wichita-Hutchinson viewing market area,[34] cable TV, and satellite TV. (See Media in Wichita, Kansas.)

Infrastructure

1893 Railroad Map

Transportation

U.S. Route 56 runs along the city's northern side, and U.S. Route 77 is 2 miles (3.2 km) east of the city. Kansas Highway 256 runs through the center of town as Main Street, past the east end business section, Marion High School and the downtown business district. A regional Kansas Department of Transportation office is located on the north side of Marion at the corner of U.S. Route 56 and Cedar Street.

The Oklahoma Kansas Texas (OKT)[35] line of the Union Pacific Railroad runs north-south through the city.

Marion Municipal Airport, FAA:43K,[36] is located south-east of Marion and centered at 38°20′15″N 96°59′30″W / 38.337500°N 96.991666°W / 38.337500; -96.991666.[37]

Notable people

See also: List of Marion High School notable people

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) details for Marion, Kansas; United States Geological Survey (USGS); October 13, 1978.
  2. ^ a b "US Gazetteer files 2010". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 2012-01-25. Retrieved 2012-07-06.
  3. ^ a b "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 6, 2012.
  4. ^ a b "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". Retrieved December 28, 2019.
  5. ^ "Blue Skyways - A service of the State Library of Kansas". Archived from the original on 2010-07-17. Retrieved 2010-07-08.
  6. ^ "2010 City Population and Housing Occupancy Status". U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved March 6, 2011.[dead link]
  7. ^ "1806 Pike Expedition map through Marion County" (PDF). zebulonpike.org. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-03-17. Retrieved 2011-06-01.
  8. ^ The History of Marion County and Courthouse
  9. ^ "Kansas Post Offices, 1828-1961 (archived)". Kansas Historical Society. Archived from the original on 9 October 2013. Retrieved 14 June 2014.
  10. ^ Kansas State Historical Society (1916). Biennial Report of the Board of Directors of the Kansas State Historical Society. Kansas State Printing Plant. pp. 233.
  11. ^ Marion County Kansas : Past and Present; Sondra Van Meter; MB Publishing House; LCCN 72-92041; 344 pages; 1972.
  12. ^ Fourth Annual Report of the Board of Railroad Commissioners for the Year Ending December 1, 1886 in State of Kansas; Kansas Publishing House; 1886.
  13. ^ "Railway Abandonment 1968".
  14. ^ "Rock Island Rail History". Archived from the original on 2011-06-19. Retrieved 2010-07-31.
  15. ^ "The Marion Belt and Chingawasa Springs Railroad - 117 Year Old Passenger Car Exists Today".
  16. ^ "Chingawasa Springs (1 of 2)". National Orphan Train Complex. Archived from the original on 2011-10-02.
  17. ^ Keystone Pipeline - Marion County Commission calls out Legislative Leadership on Pipeline Deal; April 18, 2010. Archived October 22, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
  18. ^ "Keystone Pipeline - TransCanada inspecting pipeline; December 10, 2010". LJWorld.com.
  19. ^ "Climate Summary for Marion, Kansas". Weatherbase.
  20. ^ "chingawassa.com".
  21. ^ "City of Marion Official web site".
  22. ^ "City of Marion Official web site".
  23. ^ "marionelgin.com".
  24. ^ National Register of Historic Places - Elgin Hotel
  25. ^ National Register of Historic Places - First Presbyterian Church
  26. ^ National Register of Historic Places - Hill Grade School
  27. ^ "marioncoks.net".
  28. ^ National Register of Historic Places - Marion County Courthouse
  29. ^ "City of Marion Official web site".
  30. ^ "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
  31. ^ T.E.E.N. video teaching network
  32. ^ "Marion City Library".
  33. ^ "Wichita-Hutchinson Radio market".
  34. ^ "Wichita-Hutchinson TV market".
  35. ^ "UP Railroad Common Line Names" (PDF). Union Pacific Railroad. Retrieved 2010-08-02.
  36. ^ "Marion Municipal Airport map" (PDF).
  37. ^ "Marion Municipal Airport information".
  38. ^ "13 Advance to Semi-finals". The Victoria Advocate. May 7, 1983.
  39. ^ Kansas Legislators Past & Present Archived 2010-08-01 at the Wayback Machine
  40. ^ Capace, Nancy (1 June 2000). Encyclopedia of Kansas. North American Book Dist LLC. p. 264. ISBN 978-0-403-09312-0.

Further reading

See also: List of books about Kansas, including historical information about its counties and cities
See also: List of books about Marion County, Kansas
  • Marion County Dreamed of Prosperity in Chingawassa Springs, Quarry Siding and Rainbow Lake; Marion Record Review; September 14, 1944.
  • Memories of Old Chingawassa Railroad and Resort; Marion Record; September 10/11 Souvenir Edition, 1941.
  • First Mayor of Marion Centre; Jack Costello; Marion Record; September 10/11 Souvenir Edition, 1941.
  • Presbyterian Church Seventy Years Old; Marion Record; September 11, 1941.
  • Marion, Kansas; Printing Bureau, 1926.
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