Federation Against Copyright Theft
The Federation Against Copyright Theft (informally FACT) is the UK's leading trade organisation established to protect and represent the interests of its members' intellectual property (IP).
Established in 1983, FACT works closely with statutory law enforcement agencies to combat all forms of copyright infringement and members include global and UK film distributors, TV broadcasters and sport rights owners. Its sister-organisation the Australian Screen Association has a similar focus in the Oceania Region, taking over the responsibilities of the Australian Film and Video Security Office in the early 2000s.
History
In 2007, FACT reported seizing over 2.8m pirate DVDs and states it has "enhanced its enforcement capabilities against those involved in the manufacture, distribution and sale of copyright material both online and in hard copy format".[citation needed]
Also in 2007, FACT, in collaboration with UK police, took down well known hot-linking site Tv-links.co.uk. FACT makes the claim that the 26-year-old man from Cheltenham was arrested in connection with offences relating to the facilitation of copyright infringement on the internet[1] whereas the arrest was over a matter of possible trademark infringement.[2] While arrested under Section 92 of the Trade Marks Act 1994 he has now been released 'pending further investigation' with no charges filed against him as of 25 October.[2][3] Section 92 of the Trade Marks Act 1994 deals with falsely applying signs to goods that may be mistaken for a registered trademark.
In June 2009, FACT brought a lawsuit against the company Scopelight and its founders for running a video search engine called Surfthechannel.com. The organisation accompanied a police raid on the Scopelights owner's homes, Anton and Kelly Vickerman, who collaborated with the police in the initial investigation and they allowed FACT employee's to inspect confiscated computers and the information on them. After a few months the police decided there was not currently sufficient evidence to prosecute the owners for criminal charges. Scopelight's owners requested their property back to which FACT refused claiming they were holding onto the equipment to be used for a civil case against the owners. The issue was brought to court, and it was ruled that FACT's actions were improper and the equipment should have been returned as soon as police decided not to prosecute the owners of Scopelight.[4]
In a subsequent appeal (Scopelight & Ors v Chief Constable of Northumbria Police & Federation Against Copyright Theft [2009] EWCA Civ 1156), the Court of Appeal overturned that judgment and instead ruled that the police did indeed have such a power.[5] As a consequence of this successful appeal, the evidence against the directors of Scopelight Limited (Anton and Kelly Vickerman) was heard in a criminal trial at Newcastle Crown Court in June and July 2012. Both defendants were charged under Conspiracy to Defraud (two counts each) and the jury trial took place in front of His Honour Judge Evans.
After a 7½-week trial, the jury found Kelly Vickerman not guilty on both counts and Anton Vickerman guilty on both counts of Conspiracy to Defraud.
On 14 August 2012 Anton Vickerman was sentenced to four years imprisonment on each charge of Conspiracy to Defraud, sentencing to run concurrently.[6] FACT conducted an Intelligence gathering Operation against Vickerman and his family and associates to include an undercover operations.[7]
In June 2013, FACT pressured the Usenet file indexing site called NZBsRus to close after issuing cease-and-desist letters to the owner and several staff members.[8]
Anti-piracy warnings
FACT has produced several adverts which have appeared at the beginning of videos and DVDs released in the UK, as well as trailers shown before films in cinemas.
1990s
During the 1990s, FACT created a 30-second to 1 minute anti-piracy warning called "Beware of Illegal Video Cassettes", reminding customers to check whether they have a genuine video and how to report questionable copies. They appeared on many different video cassettes by various home video companies. Versions for each studio depicting their respective security label (generally a hologram of the studio logo or a Disney film logo) were created, with several iterations for each as the FACT hotline number changed multiple times throughout the decade with the "Video Piracy Is A Crime, Do Not Accept It. The warning was placed at the beginning of practically every rental released VHS tape in the UK (as well as many retail tapes), similar to the FBI Warning found on tapes in the United States. CIC Video and The Walt Disney Company had a similar term, except the hologram carried CIC logo copies, It was also used with the film logo for UK releases from Disney, and it was used internationally and it was translated, although UK used it from 1988 to 1991. Since late 1996, this warning was followed by a public information film featuring a man attempting to return a pirate video purchased from a market after discovering that the sound was garbled and the picture unwatchable, ending with the tagline "Pirate Videos: Daylight Robbery." The "Pirate Videos: Daylight Robbery" ad was used until 2002. A precursor PIF, "Video Piracy: It's Not Worth It!" was released in 1995 that featured a young girl named Rebecca trying to watch a pirated VHS on a TV ending with a VHS player falling down with the words on top: "VIDEO PIRACY. It's not worth it."
2000s
In 2002, FACT released a PIF called "The Pirates are Out to Get You". It featured a man destroying many items with an X-shaped branding iron, ending with the FACT logo and UK, Ireland, Australia & New Zealand hotlines. The warning was placed at the beginning of practically every rental VHS tape in the UK (as well as the majority of retail tapes), similar to the FBI Warning found on tapes in the United States.
With the advent of DVD, FACT borrowed the Motion Picture Association of America's anti piracy spot "You Wouldn't Steal a Car", which concentrated more on copyright infringement through peer-to-peer filesharing and less on counterfeit copies. The spot related the peer-to-peer file sharing of movies to stealing a handbag, a car, and other such items (similar to the US FAST "Piracy is theft" slogan of the 1990s).
The advert has been criticised by the general public and TV personalities alike: the most common complaint being that the advert only appears on genuinely purchased DVDs and cannot be skipped by fast forwarding or pressing the DVD menu button.[9] More recent spots have included Knock-off Nigel, where a man is ridiculed by his friends and colleagues for buying counterfeit DVDs and downloading films from Bit Torrent along with ads that say "Thank You" to the British public for supporting the film industry by either buying a ticket and seeing a film in the cinema or purchasing a genuine DVD/Blu-ray. [10]
See also
References
- ^ "TV Links website owner arrested for copyright infringement". 22 October 2007. Archived from the original on 29 January 2009. Retrieved 29 January 2009.
- ^ a b Andres Guadamuz (23 October 2007). "No charges filed, man released pending further investigation". TechnoLlama. Archived from the original on 29 January 2009.
- ^ Kevin Anderson (25 October 2007). "Why was someone arrested over the TV Links website?". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 29 January 2009.
- ^ Mike Masnick (7 July 2009). "Why Did UK Anti-Piracy Group FACT Get Computers From A Criminal Investigation... And Keep Them?". Techdirt. Retrieved 7 July 2009.
- ^ "Scopelight & Ors v Chief Constable of Northumbria Police & Federation Against Copyright Theft – Blackstone Chambers". www.blackstonechambers.com. Retrieved 16 May 2015.
- ^ "Courts and Tribunals Judiciary" (PDF). www.judiciary.gov.uk. Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 June 2013. Retrieved 16 May 2015.
- ^ "Movie Studios Compiled Scary Private Life Dossier On SurfTheChannel Owner". 15 August 2012.
- ^ "Anti-piracy group Fact forces closure of large Usenet filesharing index". Wired. Retrieved 27 April 2016.
- ^ "Unable to skip anti-piracy adverts on DVD". Retrieved 29 January 2009.
- ^ The Oxford Handbook of Internet Studies William H. Dutton - 2013 - Page 1783 0191641189 However, when called to account by the UK Advertising Standards Authority over the claim that “piracy funds terrorism,” FACT, after initial resistance to revealing its sources on the grounds that this might undermine ongoing security investigations, admitted that the only confirmed instance of such a link was that of a Northern Irish paramilitary group, who, after the 1998 Good Friday Peace Agreement had become involved in the commercial counterfeiting of DVDs. A threat to blow up the ...
