Miles Falcon

M.3 Falcon
	Miles M.3A Falcon Major G-AEEG at Old Warden
Role	Cabin monoplane
Manufacturer	Miles Aircraft Limited
Designer	Frederick George Miles
First flight	12 October 1934
Number built	36
Developed into	Miles M.4 Merlin

The Miles M.3 Falcon is a 1930s British three/four-seat cabin monoplane aircraft designed by Miles Aircraft Limited.^[1]

Design and development

The M.3 Falcon was a clean, single engined low-wing monoplane with trousered main undercarriage and fixed tail-wheel, designed in 1934. It was structurally similar to the earlier Miles M.2F Hawk Major family, but had side-by-side seating for two behind the pilot in a glazed cockpit. It was powered by a 130 hp (97 kW) de Havilland Gipsy Major piston engine. The prototype, G-ACTM, built by Philips and Powis first flew at Woodley Aerodrome on 12 October 1934.

The first production aircraft (designated M.3A Falcon Major) was flown in January 1935. It had a wider fuselage than the prototype to improve passenger comfort and revised glazing with a forward sloping windscreen. The M.3A was somewhat underpowered, so the (M.3B Falcon Six) and later versions were fitted with a 200 hp (150 kW) de Havilland Gipsy Six engine.

The M.3C Falcon Six was a four seater with dual controls. The M.3D was strengthened to allow an 11% increase in all up weight compared with the M.3B. The final versions were the M.3E and M.3F.

An enlarged five-seat version was developed as the M.4 Merlin.

Operational history

The prototype was fitted with extra fuel tanks and entered into the MacRobertson Race from England to Australia in October 1934. It took 27 days to reach Darwin, but returned in a record time of 7 days 19 hours 15 minutes, including one stage of 1,800 miles (2,900 km) non-stop from Jodhpur to Basra.

Twenty-nine M.3As and M.3Bs were delivered during 1935 and 1936 to private owners, clubs, and commercial operators in Britain and abroad.

The M.3B was entered into the 1935 King's Cup Race, and piloted by Tommy Rose won with a speed of 176.28 mph (283.70 km/h). In 1936 Rose, with the same aircraft, reduced the U.K to Cape passage record to 3 days 17 hours and 38 minutes.^[2]

Pre war, three Falcon Sixes appeared in RAF garb at the Royal Aircraft Establishment (RAE) for trials of a variety of wings and aerodynamic innovations. At the outbreak of the war three aircraft remained civilian as communications aircraft with various companies but, like so many civil aircraft ten others were impressed into service by the Royal Air Force, Royal Navy, the Royal Australian Air Force and the Swedish air force. Six Falcons survived the war.

Variants

Production numbers from ^[3]

M.3: Prototype three-seat version with a 130 hp de Havilland Gipsy Major engine. 1 built.
M.3A Falcon Major: Production four-seat version with a 130 hp de Havilland Gipsy Major engine. 18 built
M.3B Falcon Six: Three-seat version with a 200hp de Havilland Gipsy Six engine. 11 built, including 1 Falcon Six designated M.3, but not including 2 M.3Bs later converted to M.3E and F.
M.3C Falcon Six: Four-seater with dual controls with a 200 hp de Havilland Gipsy Six engine. 1 built.
M.3D: Strengthened variant with a 200 hp de Havilland Gipsy Six engine. 3 built. One was a converted M.3B.
M.3E: Variant with a 200 hp de Havilland Gipsy Six engine. 1 built but uncertified.
M.3F: A former M.3B modified for Fairey wing, spoiler and retractable aileron trials with the RAE, R4071.^[4]

Civil operators

References 1 and 2 give detailed histories of the typically complicated lives of these small aeroplanes.

Military operators

Australia

Royal Australian Air Force 3 aircraft.

South Africa

South African Air Force

Sweden

Royal Swedish Air Force 1 aircraft.

United Kingdom

Royal Aircraft Establishment 3 aircraft.
Royal Air Force 5 aircraft.
Royal Navy 1 aircraft.

Spain

Spanish Republican Air Force

Survivors

In Great Britain, G-AEEG, a privately owned M.3A based at The Shuttleworth Collection, Old Warden is on display at the Collection and flies regularly. It spent much of its life in Sweden as SE-AFW.^[5]
In Australia, M.3A VH-AAT is still airworthy with a private owner, based at Lilydale, Victoria.
In Spain, an M.3C registered EC-ACB is also active. This aircraft participated in the Spanish Civil War.^[6]

Specifications (M.3A)

Data from British Civil Aircraft 1919–1972: Volume III^[7]

General characteristics

Capacity: Three
Length: 25 ft 0 in (7.62 m)
Wingspan: 35 ft 0 in (10.67 m)
Height: 6 ft 6 in (1.98 m)
Wing area: 174.3 sq ft (16.19 m²)
Empty weight: 1,300 lb (590 kg)
Gross weight: 2,200 lb (1,000 kg)
Powerplant: 1 × de Havilland Gipsy Major piston engine , 130 hp (97 kW)

Performance

Maximum speed: 145 mph (235 km/h, 126 kn)
Cruise speed: 125 mph (201 km/h, 109 kn)
Range: 615 mi (990 km, 534 nmi)
Service ceiling: 15,000 ft (4,572 m) ^{[citation needed]}
Rate of climb: 750 ft/min (3.81 m/s)

References

Notes

^ Jackson 1988, pp. 147–50
^ Jones, D. The Time Shrinkers: the Development of Civil Aviation between Britain and Africa Rendel 1971 pp175-8
^ http://www.members.aol.com/warwicaeo/milesaircraft)/aircraftm0afhis.htm
^ Cooper 2006, p. 204.
^ The Shuttleworth Collection – Miles Falcon Retrieved: 2 March 2017
^ "Aircraft Data EC-ACB, 1936 Miles M3C Falcon Six C/N 231". airport-data.com. Retrieved 14 March 2019.
^ Jackson 1988, p. 58.

Bibliography

Amos, Peter Miles Aircraft – The Early Years – The Story of F G Miles and his Aeroplanes, 1925–1939. Tonbridge, Kent: Air-Britain (Historians) Ltd, 2009. ISBN 978-0-85130-410-6.
Brown, Don Lambert. Miles Aircraft Since 1925. London: Putnam & Company Ltd., 1970. ISBN 0-370-00127-3.
Cooper, Peter. Farnborough:100 years of British aviation. Hinkley: Midland 2006. ISBN 1-85780-239-X
Jackson, A.J. British Civil Aircraft since 1919, Volume 3. London: Putnam & Company Ltd., 1988. ISBN 0-85177-818-6.
Mondey, David. The Hamlyn Concise guide to British Aircraft of World War II. London: Chancellor press, 2002. ISBN 1-85152-668-4.
The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Aircraft (Part Work 1982–1985) Orbis Publishing

[1] Jackson 1988, pp. 147–50

[2] Jones, D. The Time Shrinkers: the Development of Civil Aviation between Britain and Africa Rendel 1971 pp175-8

[3] ttp://www.members.aol.com/warwicaeo/milesaircraft)/aircraftm0afhis.htm

[4] Cooper 2006, p. 204.

[5] The Shuttleworth Collection – Miles Falcon Retrieved: 2 March 2017

[6] "Aircraft Data EC-ACB, 1936 Miles M3C Falcon Six C/N 231". airport-data.com. Retrieved 14 March 2019.

[JacksonIII_p58-7] Jackson 1988, p. 58.

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v t e Miles aircraft
Experimental	M.6 Hawcon M.13 Hobby M.30 X Minor M.35 Libellula M.39B M.52 M.76 M.105
Trainers	M.2 Hawk Trainer M.7 Nighthawk M.9 Kestrel M.9A Master I M.14 Magister M.19 Master II M.27 Master III M.15 T.1/37 M.37 Martinet Trainer M.100 Student
Sportplanes	Southern Martlet M.1 Satyr M.2 Hawk M.2 Hawk Major M.2 Hawk Speed Six M.5 Sparrowhawk M.12 Mohawk M.18 M.77 Sparrowjet
Touring aircraft	M.3A Falcon Major M.3B Falcon Six M.4 Merlin M.11 Whitney Straight M.17 Monarch M.65 Gemini M.75 Aries M.115
Airliners	M.8 Peregrine M.26 M.57 Aerovan M.60 Marathon I M.69 Marathon II M.71 Merchantman
Freighters	M.57 Aerovan M.68 Boxcar M.71 Merchantman
Utility aircraft	M.16 Mentor M.28 Mercury M.38 Messenger
Fighters	M.20 M.24 Master Fighter
Target tugs	M.25 Martinet M.33 Monitor
Drones	M.50 Queen Martinet
Type number	Southern Martlet M.1 Satyr M.2 Hawk M.2 Hawk Major M.2 Hawk Speed Six M.2 Hawk Trainer M.3A Falcon Major M.3B Falcon Six M.4 Merlin M.5 Sparrowhawk M.6 Hawcon M.7 Nighthawk M.8 Peregrine M.9 Kestrel M.9A Master I M.11 Whitney Straight M.12 Mohawk M.13 Hobby M.14 Magister M.15 T.1/37 M.16 Mentor M.17 Monarch M.18 M.19 Master II M.20 M.24 Master Fighter M.25 Martinet M.26 M.27 Master III M.28 Mercury M.30 X Minor M.33 Monitor M.35 Libellula M.37 Martinet Trainer M.38 Messenger M.39B Libellula M.50 Queen Martinet M.52 M.57 Aerovan M.60 Marathon I M.65 Gemini M.68 Boxcar M.69 Marathon II M.71 Merchantman M.75 Aries M.76 M.77 Sparrowjet M.100 Student M.105 M.115