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Telegramgate
Part of 2019 Latin American protests
Protesters in San Juan, marching from Milla de Oro in Hato Rey to the Hiram Bithorn Stadium. Ricky Martin, Residente and Bad Bunny (center, L–R) were among many public figures that demanded Rosselló's resignation.
DateJuly 8, 2019 – August 12, 2019
(1 month, 1 week and 4 days)
Location
Main demonstrations in Puerto Rico:

Solidarity protests:

  • Dozens of other cities in Puerto Rico, other parts of the United States, and abroad
Caused byLeak of hundreds of pages of vulgar, racist, and homophobic comments in a private group chat between Governor Ricardo Rosselló and members of his staff from his term
GoalsResignation of Rosselló as the Governor of Puerto Rico
MethodsInternet activism, graffiti, sit-ins, street protests, picketing, protest art
Resulted inResignation of Rosselló as the Governor of Puerto Rico effective August 2 at 5:00 p.m. AST
Concessions
  • Rosselló announced his resignation from the presidency of his political party and that he would not seek reelection for the 2020 elections on July 21.
  • Rosselló announced his resignation as Governor of Puerto Rico on July 24, effective August 2 at 5:00 p.m. AST, leaving office as scheduled.[1][2]
Parties
Protesters
(no centralized leadership)
Lead figures

Protesters
(no centralized leadership)

Government

Casualties
Death(s)0
InjuriesAt least 20[3]
ArrestedAt least 16[3]

Telegramgate, also known as Chatgate, or RickyLeaks[4][5] was a political scandal involving Ricardo Rosselló, then Governor of Puerto Rico, which began on July 8, 2019, with the leak of hundreds of pages of a group chat on the messaging application Telegram between Rosselló and members of his staff from his term. The messages were considered vulgar, racist, and homophobic toward several individuals and groups, and discussed how they would use the media to target potential political opponents. The leak came in the midst of allegations by former Secretary of Treasury of Puerto Rico, Raúl Maldonado Gautier, that his department boasted an "institutional mafia" that Rosselló was involved in. The leaks also came a year after a previous scandal, dubbed WhatsApp Gate, involving other members of Rosselló's cabinet.[6]

Mass protests arose, reaching up to 1,000,000 people at a single event on July 17.[7] On July 22, up to a million protesters[8] shut down the Expreso Las Américas, an 11-lane highway.[9][10][11] While several of his staff have resigned in the wake,[11] Rosselló initially refused to resign as governor and simply resigned as president of the governing pro-statehood New Progressive Party on July 21 and said he would not seek re-election in the 2020 Puerto Rico gubernatorial election. By July 22, there had been eleven consecutive days of protests, near La Fortaleza, the Governor's residence in San Juan.[12] On July 24, Rosselló announced that he would resign as governor on August 2.[9][11] On August 2, Pedro Pierluisi, former Resident Commissioner of Puerto Rico was sworn in immediately after Rosselló left office, but was later ordered by the Supreme Court of Puerto Rico to abandon, since his swearing-in was not constitutional. Ultimately, the Secretary of the Department of Justice of Puerto Rico, Wanda Vázquez Garced, who was initially reluctant to take office, was sworn in as Governor of Puerto Rico. She became the second woman to assume the office and the first person to take over the position as per hierarchy and not by a democratic election.

Telegram chat dialog

On July 8, 2019, a small segment of Telegram chat messages between Ricardo Rosselló and various members of his cabinet, former advisors, and former campaign managers were leaked and spread by the local press.[13] The full 889-page copy of the conversations was published July 13, by local investigative news agency Puerto Rico Center for Investigative Journalism.[14]

Among those identified in the chat logs are:[13]

The chat messages were found by the general public to be vulgar and racist and described as a "bro" culture among the group.[14] Chat members referred to New York City Council member Melissa Mark-Viverito as a "whore", made homophobic remarks about Ricky Martin, and called San Juan mayor Carmen Yulín Cruz "una tremenda HP [hija de puta]" - transl. "a total daughter of a bitch". The chats revealed plans to control the media and smear political opponents, and Rosselló shared confidential state information with the non-government officials in the chat.[13]

Other parts of the conversations joked about the deaths from Hurricane Maria.[13] When interviewed by Democracy Now on July 23, 2019, Carla Minet from the Puerto Rico Center for Investigative Journalism stated that it was those jokes that were particularly painful as many Puerto Ricans had been unable to properly bury their dead in the chaotic days that followed Hurricane Maria, and reading chats where the governor mentioned "cadavers", and did not stop others from joking about the dead, which was seen as an unforgivable betrayal.[12]

Impact

Government

After Raúl Maldonado vacated his post, Rosselló nominated Francisco Pares Alicea to the position of Secretary of Treasury on July 1, who was functioning as interim at the time and as assistant secretary of internal revenue prior to taking over as interim. He was confirmed by the Senate a week later and assumed office on July 22, the day after Rosselló announced his resignation as Governor. Prior to the full log's publication, on July 10, 2019, a 32-count federal indictment resulted in the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) arresting six people, including two former high-ranking Puerto Rico government officials who served in Rosselló's government, on charges of conspiracy and other crimes in connection with millions of dollars in federal Medicaid and education funds.[16][17][18] Rosselló was vacationing in France at the time of the leaks on July 11, which forced him to return to the island.[11][19]

Several of Rosselló's staff in the chat log conversations resigned following its publication. Luis Rivera Marín and Christian Sobrino resigned from their positions in the government on July 13;[11][16] In addition, press secretary Dennise Peréz resigned on July 19,[20] and chief of staff Ricardo Llerandi followed suit on July 23.[21] On July 17, the Puerto Rico Department of Justice ordered that all participants be interviewed and have their phones inspected.[17][18][22] The FBI would neither confirm nor deny that it is investigating those involved.[17][18] On July 19, the House of Representatives of Puerto Rico formed an impeachment committee, its members being three attorneys appointed by House leader Carlos "Johnny" Méndez, to consider whether Rosselló committed impeachable offenses based on the chat log.[23][24] On July 23, a judge issued an order requiring all participants in the conversation to surrender their phones, which were then seized.[25][26] On July 24, the committee recommended five articles of impeachment against Governor Rosselló.[27] On July 28, the Secretary of Public Affairs, Anthony Maceira, resigned.[28]

Resignation of Rosselló

On July 21, Rosselló announced that he would not seek re-election in the 2020 Puerto Rico gubernatorial election, but he initially refused to resign as governor. He also announced his resignation as President of the New Progressive Party.[29][30][31] However, three days later, Rosselló announced that he would resign as governor, effective August 2, 2019, at 5:00 p.m. AST, to be replaced by Justice Secretary Wanda Vázquez Garced,[1][11][32] who, at the time, was the next eligible cabinet member to become Rosselló's successor; most of Rosselló's immediate cabinet members had either resigned or were relieved of their positions by Rosselló. As Treasury Secretary, Pares Alicea would have been next to succeed, but he did not meet the required minimum age of 35, in which case, the next in line was Secretary of Justice Vázquez Garced, who announced in a tweet that she was not interested in becoming governor and that she hopes Rosselló appoints someone before his last day.[28]

Succession

On July 31, Rosselló announced his nomination of Pedro Pierluisi to the position of Secretary of State, with the intention of having him succeed the office of Governor of Puerto Rico.[33] Pierluisi, former Resident Commissioner of Puerto Rico during the Luis Fortuño administration and former Secretary of Justice of Puerto Rico during the Pedro Rosselló administration, was Ricardo Rosselló's former adversary in the 2016 primaries of their party, which resulted in Rosselló's victory over Pierluisi as the New Progressive Party's nominee for Governor of Puerto Rico in the 2016 general elections. The same day that Rosselló nominated Pierluisi, a new document with an additional 100 pages of the controversial chat was released by journalist Sandra Rodríguez Cotto. On August 1, the Senate of Puerto Rico denied Pierluisi confirmation before Rosselló's resignation, thus preventing him from becoming acting Governor.[34]

On August 1, 2019, Rosselló's preferred successor Pedro Pierluisi, who was sworn in as acting Secretary of State on July 31, 2019,[35] was blocked by the Senate from being confirmed to his post before Rosselló leaves office.[34] On August 2, Pierluisi was confirmed as Secretary of State by House of Representatives on August 2 after confirmation hearings; the Senate still had to conduct a ratification to confirm Pierluisi as Secretary of State. He was sworn in as Governor of Puerto Rico on August 2, at 5:00 p.m. AST, immediately after Rosselló's term ended, despite not being confirmed by the Senate. He did so relying on a law that stated that when the legislature is on recess, any nomination is legitimate until the legislature goes back in labor. As a result, the President of the Senate, Thomas Rivera Schatz, challenged the legitimacy of his ascent to office in the Supreme Court of Puerto Rico.[36] Protests continued, with their main focus shifting to calling for Pierluisi's resignation.[37][38][39] The Supreme Court then ruled his ascent to power unconstitutional. Former secretary of Justice, Wanda Vázquez was then sworn in as the new governor of Puerto Rico, becoming the second woman to assume the office and the first person to take over the position as per hierarchy and not by a democratic election.

Reactions

Civilian

Protest in front of the Capitol of Puerto Rico on July 21, 2019

Protests calling for the governor to resign began upon his return to Puerto Rico from France on July 11, 2019, and continued as of July 22. A July 17 protest in Old San Juan had an attendance of 500,000 people at its peak.[7][40][41] Protests were also held in other municipalities, cities, and countries.[42][43] Another protest which was held in Old San Juan on July 22, also drew hundreds of thousands and was reported to have set a protest record,[44][45] with NBC News estimating the crowd size to be potentially over 1 million by 1:00 local time.[8][46] The crowd size was reported to have eclipsed the previous record set when protestors gathered in 2004 to denounce the US military training missions on the local island of Vieques.[12][47]

Many protested in creative ways, while doing yoga, holding signs while scuba diving under water, on horse-back, drumming, with face-painting, via group prayers,[48] and with exhibitions of reminders of those who died in Hurricane Maria.[49][50] On July 19, there was a cacerolazo (transl. a mass-banging of pots and pans), where people across the islands banged on pots and pans, demanding his resignation. Banging pots and pans has been a method of protesting by other Latin American nations in the past. In Puerto Rico residents were timing the banging of pots and pans for 8 p.m. each night.[51] A song, Afilando los Cuchillos, (transl. Sharpening the Knives) with lyrics by Bad Bunny, Residente, and iLe, was released during the protests.[52][53]

After Rosselló renounced, the song Te Boté (transl. I Dumped You) was sung by protesters as they happily ripped down posters with his image and dumped them in garbage bins.[54] Perreo, a doggy-style dancing of reggaeton music was mentioned by people of Puerto Rico as contributing to the governor leaving office. Roselló's father, Pedro Rosselló had criminalized reggaeton (record store employees were arrested for selling the music), during his term as governor of Puerto Rico.[55][56] After the resignation announcement, celebrations took place in front of La Fortaleza with people dancing perreo, after weeks of protesting and demands.[57]

Political

Congressman Raúl Grijalva (D-Arizona), chair of the House Natural Resources Committee, which oversees Puerto Rico policy, called for the governor to resign amid the scandal.[58] Jenniffer González, Puerto Rico's sole representative in Congress, said that she thought Rosselló should not seek re-election the following year as a result of the incident. Thomas Rivera Schatz, President of the Senate of Puerto Rico, took to Twitter and Facebook to call upon Rosselló and every government official included in the chat to resign; Carlos "Johnny" Méndez, Speaker of the House of Representatives of Puerto Rico, did the same.[41] On July 13, Sila María Calderón, former Governor of the island for the Popular Democratic Party, called upon Rosselló to resign.[59] Luis Fortuño, also former Governor, did the same through a letter posted on his social media.[60] On July 19, former San Antonio mayor and Secretary of Housing and Urban Development Julian Castro became the first 2020 Democratic presidential candidate to call for Rosselló's resignation,[61][62][63] followed by two fellow presidential contenders, Democratic Congresswoman Tulsi Gabbard and Senator Bernie Sanders.[64][65]

References

  1. ^ a b Mazzei, Patricia; Robles, Frances (July 24, 2019). "Ricardo Rosselló, Puerto Rico's Governor, Resigns After Protests". The New York Times. Retrieved July 27, 2019.
  2. ^ Mazzei, Patricia; Robles, Frances (July 25, 2019). "Puerto Rico Governor Misread Anger Brewing Against Him". The New York Times. Retrieved July 27, 2019.
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  52. ^ Robles, Frances (July 19, 2019). "'Sharpening the Knives': Musicians Join the Protests in Puerto Rico". The New York Times. Retrieved July 27, 2019.
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  61. ^ Laborde, Antonia (August 3, 2019). "La renuncia oficial de Rosselló no acalla las protestas en Puerto Rico". El País (in Spanish). Retrieved August 6, 2019.
  62. ^ Castro, Julián. "Julián Castro on Twitter". Twitter. Retrieved July 19, 2019.
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  64. ^ Gabbard, Tulsi. "Tulsi Gabbard on Twitter". Retrieved July 19, 2019.
  65. ^ Sanders, Bernie (July 20, 2019). "I stand with the people of Puerto Rico in their fight against corruption and join them in calling for the immediate resignation of Governor Rosselló". @BernieSanders. Retrieved July 22, 2019.[non-primary source needed]
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