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Flag of the Comoros

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Comoros
UseNational flag
Proportion2:3
Adopted23 December 2001; 22 years ago (2001-12-23)[1]
DesignFour horizontal stripes of yellow, white, red and blue (from top to bottom); with a green chevron based on the hoist side charged with a white crescent and four five-pointed stars

The national flag of the Union of the Comoros (officially French: Union des Comores, Comorian: Udzima wa Komori, Arabic: الاتّحاد القمريّ, al-Ittiḥād al-Qamarī) was designed in 2001 and officially adopted on 23 December 2001.[2][3][4] It continues to display the crescent and four stars, which is a motif that has been in use in slightly various forms since 1975 during the independence movement.[5] In its constitution, the government of the Comoros refers to the insignia as l'emblème national, or the "national emblem", though it is understood to actually represent a flag.[4]

Colours

Flag colours in various schemes[citation needed]
Scheme Green Yellow White Red Blue
Pantone 363 127 Safe 186 285
RGB 61–142–51 255–198–30 255–255–255 206–17–38 58–117–196
HTML 3D8E33 FFC61E FFFFFF CE1126 3A75C4
CMYK 57–0–54–44 0–22–88–0 0–0–0–0 0–92–82–15 70–40–0–23

Design

The design consists of a white crescent with four white five-pointed stars inside of a green triangle. The flag has four stripes, representing the four islands of the nation: Yellow is for Mohéli, White is for Mayotte (claimed by Comoros but administered by France), Red is for Anjouan, and Blue is for Grande Comore. The four stars on the flag also symbolize the four islands of the Comoros. The star and crescent symbol stands for their main religion, Islam.[5]

The stars' points are usually orientated upwards, as reflected in the model supplied when the flag was adopted, though legal documents concerning the flag do not specify the flag's orientation and there is a variant in which the stars point outwards and not up.[4]

History

The first official flag of Comoros was designed and adopted for local use in 1963 by Suzanne Gauthier, before Comoros gained its independence. It had a white crescent at upper hoist facing the fly, four stars in a diagonal, and used a 5:7 proportion with a green background. This design continued to be used after independence in 1975.[6]

The flag changed in 1975 under Ali Soilih. The crescent was moved and the stars were rearranged into a diamond. Two thirds of the flag became red and symbolized the regime's socialist ideology.[7]

When Ahmed Abdallah was returned to the presidency in 1978, the flag changed again. It returned to being completely green, with the crescent moving to the center of the flag and the stars forming a line between its horns. Information about the proportions of this variant suggest either a 1:2, 2:3, or 3:5 ratio.[8]

With the adoption of a new constitution in 1992, the flag changed again such that the crescent and stars were rotated to face upward rather than down and to the right.[9]

The adoption of yet another constitution changed the flag again in 1996, rotating the flag to face the fly and adding a white inscription to the lower hoist and another to the upper fly. The inscriptions are written in simplified Arabic with the former reading "Muhammed" and the latter reading "Allah". The proportions of this flag were reported to be 21:15. This flag was changed by referendum in 2001 to the modern one.[10]

Former flags of the Comoros

  • Flag of the French Empire (1887–1963)
    Flag of the French Empire (1887–1963)
  • Flag of the State of the Comoros (1963–1978) from the pre-independence period before July 1975 until January 1976[6]
    Flag of the State of the Comoros (1963–1978) from the pre-independence period before July 1975 until January 1976[6]
  • Flag of the State of the Comoros under the Ali Soilih Regime (January 1976 – September 30, 1978)[7]
    Flag of the State of the Comoros under the Ali Soilih Regime (January 1976 – September 30, 1978)[7]
  • Flag of the Federal and Islamic Republic of the Comoros (October 1, 1978 – June 6, 1992)[8]
    Flag of the Federal and Islamic Republic of the Comoros (October 1, 1978 – June 6, 1992)[8]
  • Flag of the Federal and Islamic Republic of the Comoros (June 7, 1992 – October 5, 1996)[9]
    Flag of the Federal and Islamic Republic of the Comoros (June 7, 1992 – October 5, 1996)[9]
  • Flag of the Federal and Islamic Republic of the Comoros (October 6, 1996 – December 22, 2001[11],[10]
    Flag of the Federal and Islamic Republic of the Comoros (October 6, 1996 – December 22, 2001[11],[10]
  • Flag of the Comoros (1996–2001) with an erroneous form of text known for causing the Comorian Ambassador to Reject it[12]
    Flag of the Comoros (1996–2001) with an erroneous form of text known for causing the Comorian Ambassador to Reject itSmall vexillological symbol or pictogram in black and white showing the different uses of the flag[12]

Flags of individual islands

References

  1. ^ FOTW
  2. ^ FOTW
  3. ^ Flag History of Comoros Archived 2016-10-18 at the Wayback Machine. Al Akhbar page on the flag of the Comoros. Retrieved on 2014-07-07.
  4. ^ a b c Berry, Bruce (10 March 2016). "Comoros". Flags of the World. Retrieved 17 October 2016.
  5. ^ a b "Flag of Comoros". Gettysburg Flag Works. Retrieved 17 October 2016.
  6. ^ a b Berry, Bruce (10 March 2016). "Comoros (1963 - 1975". Flags of the World. Retrieved 17 October 2016.
  7. ^ a b Berry, Bruce (10 March 2016). "Comoros (1975 - 1978)". Flags of the World. Retrieved 17 October 2016.
  8. ^ a b Berry, Bruce (10 March 2016). "Comoros (1978 - 1992)". Flags of the World. Retrieved 17 October 2016.
  9. ^ a b Berry, Bruce (10 March 2016). "Comoros (1992 - 1996)". Flags of the World. Retrieved 17 October 2016.
  10. ^ a b Raeside, Rob (10 March 2016). "Comoros (1996 - 2001)". Flags of the World. Retrieved 17 October 2016.
  11. ^ FOTW
  12. ^ "FOTW Comoros". FOTW.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
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