Sydney Harbour's first ferries were sail and/or oar powered, but by the mid-19th century, paddle steamers were well established. Double-ended ferries became common as they did not require turning at terminating wharves in Sydney's busy but narrow bays, including at the main hub at Circular Quay. Double-ended ferries, however, provided technological challengs for screw (propeller) propulsion and Sydney's shift from paddle steamers to screw ferries in the closing years of the nineteenth century was relatively late. Diesel power first came to Sydney Harbour ferries mainly through the conversion of existing steam ferries to diesel in the 1930s and the 1950s, when during the slow post-Bridge decades ferry companies could generally not afford new ferries. Hydrofoils were introduced to the Manly run in the 1960s and 1970s halving travel times for those willing to pay a premium fare. Government investment in new vessels during the 1970s and 1980s saw the replacement of the surviving early twentieth century vessels. New vessels included modern Lady-class ferries, four large Manly ferries, and nine First-Fleet ferries. The most recent decades have seen the introduction of the RiverCats, JetCats, SuperCats and in 2017, the Emerald-class ferries. Apart from the four Manly "Freshwater-class" ferries, the current Sydney Ferries fleet comprises all catamarans.
A hoy launched in 1789, in the year following the settlement of Sydney. Also known as 'The Lump', it was used to transport goods and passengers up the Parramatta River. The return journey could take a week between Sydney and Parramatta.
Launched in 1831 in Neutral Bay for the Parramatta service, Surprise was the first Australian built steamship and the first steam ferryboat in Sydney. In service for six months with limited financial success. Her draught was too deep for the route and she was sent to Tasmania. Sold to Hobart in 1832.[1][2]
An auxiliary steamer, built in the United Kingdom in 1826, arrived in Sydney in 1831 and fitted out for excursions around the harbour with limited financial success.[1] She was too deep in the draft for Parramatta River service and was used on coastal trips north and south of Sydney.[3]
Due to high cost and difficulty in sourcing steam engines at the time, this vessel used horses on treadmill attached to a central wheel to propel her via paddle wheels. Provided a Sunday's-only service to Balmain from 1840. Converted to steam and in 1846 was sent to Brisbane to become that town's first ferry.[1][4]
Unusually had horses drive paddle wheels.
38 tons
24 m
100
Paddle steamer
1846
Australia
1834
Paddle steamer built for £200 by the newly-formed Australia Steam Conveyance Company for Parramatta service. 12 hp (9 kW) steam engines. With little opposition apart from sailing craft that struggled with river currents and tides, she was a financial success with the company paying a dividend in 1836 of 38 per cent. Withdrawn from Parramatta service following the introduction of Comet (1843) and used on Balmain, Five Dock, and Iron Cove runs.[1][4][5]
45 tons
25.3 m
Paddle steamer
1863
Rapid
1837
Second vessel ordered by the Australian Steam Conveyance Company following the success of Australia (1834). Built in the United Kingdom and sent to Sydney for re-assembly. The first double-ended ship in Australia. Copper boiler, 20 hp (14.9 kW) engine, iron hulled. Ninety-minute trip on Parramatta service. Ran aground at Glebe Point in 1863 where she was used as a house boat.[1][4][6]
1852
Kangaroo
1840
Paddle steamer built for Parramatta service. Bought in 1847 by Tasmanian Government for use in Hobart. Later worked in Melbourne until 1891.[1]
Paddle steamer built for Parramatta service.[7] 8 hp engine. Began frequent services to Balmain run by Messers Flood, Perdriau and Fennmore but the small ferry was unreliable and not popular.
Double-ended iron paddle steamer built for Parramatta service and later serviced Balmain route. Similar to Black Swan and Pelican. Assembled from parts imported from the United Kingdom. Her 1 metre draft was well-suited to river work. 30 hp (22.4 kW) jet-condensing steam engine drove 4.2m paddle wheels, giving speed that was stiff competition for the older Australia. Similar to Black Swan and Pelican. Successful ferry that ran on Parramatta River service for 20 years. Also use from 1855 as inaugural weekday service twice a day to Manly. Later transferred to the Balmin run.[7][9][10][11] Wrecked 24 April 1884.
More images... Wooden paddle steamer built by William Lowe in Clarencetown for Parramatta service. 35 hp triple expansion steam engine.[7] until bought in 1852 by syndicate that included Thomas Mort. Sold again the following year for £3,100 and transferred to Melbourne. Bought in 1862 and sent to New Zealand but sank en-route.[12]
50 tons
30.1 m
Paddle steamer
1862
Native
1844
Boiler exploded in 1850, renamed Maid of the Mill and later sold to Brisbane.[13]
18.3 m
Paddle steamer
1862
Ferry Queen
1844
More images... Built at Thomas Chowne's yard at Pyrmont and used by brothers Thomas and James Gerrard to run from Windmill Street to Blues Point, the first regular cross-harbour ferry service. Also used to haul pints of produce and livestock.[14][15]
-
8 tons
40
?
Gypsy Queen
1844
Wooden paddle steamer built by Thomas Chowne, Pymont for Gerrard brothers.[14][15]
Unlike most of the Harbour's early paddle steamers, she was not an excursion boat but a ferry. Served on a variety of early routes and was one of the first regular Manly ferries. A Gerrard Brothers boat.[14][16]
Iron paddle tug built in Swansea, South Wales. Designed as a tug-tender, she worked in Melbourne then Launceston, and then Hobart before working in Sydney from 1869. Her main Sydney role was a tug, and sometimes as a cargo vessel. On occasion, she would transport passengers to Manly. Transferred to Newcastle in 1874, and lasted until circa. 1917.[17]
1874 to Newcastle
Agenoria
1850
a Gerrard Brothers boat. Sold to Melbourne 1852.[14]
22 tons
15.8 m
1852
Victoria
1851
Iron paddle steamer. Built by Thomas Wingate & Co, Whiteinch, Scotland. 60 hp. Owned by E Manning from 1856 to 1863. She provides the first regular Manly service from 1856. Taken off Manly service 1860. Sold to Japan in 1863, sunk 1864.
107 tons (1861, 132 tons)
37.7 m (1861, 47.0 m)
200 approx
1860
Star
1852
Wrecked in 1857
44 tons
22.3 m
1857
Mystery
1852
Wooden paddle steamer built by Money Wigram & Co, Northam, England. 60 hp 2 x grasshopper side lever steam engines by George Butchard. 9 knots. 60 hp 2 x oscillating steam engines. 11 knots. Imported by Manly Ferry Company to join Royal Alfred as a tug, cargo carrier, and excursion ferry. Converted to a lighter 1893
141 tons
40.3 m
750
1893
Black Swan
1854
Iron paddle steamer built by C.J. Mare & Co, Blackwell, England and reassembled in Sydney for Parramatta service.[7] 35 hp oscillating steam engine. Sister to Pelican, similar to Emu. In 1859 and 1860, ran Sunday and holiday services to Mosman with Perri. Also used to provide services to Manly. Rebuilt and lengthened in 1865. Wrecked 4 June 1868.[10][11]
40 tons, 1865: 69 tons
27.6 m, 1865: 33.5 m
150
Paddle steamer
1868, wrecked
Pelican
1854
Paddle steamer built for Parramatta service. Sister to Black Swan, similar to Emu. Also used to provide services to Manly. Sank 3 April 1888.[7][10][11]
More images...A Gerrard Brothers boat, sent out in sections from England. Steered by a tiller at either end, she often worked as a tug. Richard Hayes Harnett used her from 1871 to start a ferry service to Mosman Bay, and used on most runs across her career.[16][18] She sank off North Head in 1884 while waiting to tow a ship into the harbour.[14]
Iron paddle steamer built in Melbourne by J Daw, most of her service was on Manly run for the Brighton and Manly Beach Steam Company. The first of the large double-ended Manly ferries. 50 hp steam engine. Also thought to be the first vessel in the long standing Manly ferry livery of dark green hull and white funnel with black topping. Long and narrow (beam 4.0 m) paddle steamer with shallow draft made for unpleasant rides across Sydney Heads in bad weather. Broken up in Pyrmont c. 1886[10][16]
63 tons
36.3 m
160
Manly ferry, paddle steamer
1886
Ysobel
1860
Built by P.N. Russell & Co. Sydney. Joubert's first ferry, to Hunters Hill. Possibly Sydney's first screw-propelled ferryboat, however, there is no confirmation that it was not a paddle steamer.[19]
Kirribilli (I)
1861
A small double-ended wooden paddle steamer steered with a tiller at either end. Built by John Cuthbert, Sydney. 8 hp power steam engine. First ferry in North Shore Ferry Company[14] Then transferred to be the second ferry on the Hunters Hill run.
Australian Aboriginal name meaning 'good fishing spot', and name of a Sydney suburb
11 tons
60
1879, wrecked
Cygnet
1862
Paddle steamer built for Parramatta service. In the early 1890s, used by the Manly Co-operative Steam Ferry Limited set up to compete, ultimately unsuccessfully, with the Port Jackson Steamship Company. Re-engined in 1879, hulked in August 1891.[7][20]
Originally built in 1865 as Emu (II) by A & J Inglis, Glasgow and re-assembled at Kangaroo Point, Brisbane for use on Brisbane River and Moreton Bay. Two inverter diagonal steam, 70 hp. 10 knots. Originally owned by Queensland Steam Navigation Company. Came to Port Jackson Steam Boat Company in January 1877 through to 1909. Renamed Brightside in 1887. Sank in 1897, converted to cargo vessel in 1902 and worked the Manly route until 1908 when she was gutted by fire. The hull was converted to a lighter, and broken up in 1909.[14][21][22]
269 tons
52.1 m
800
Paddle steamer
1908
Adelaide, later Swan
1866
Double-ended paddle steamer on PParramatta River service for Parramatta River Steamship Company with several subsequent owners. Rebuilt and renamed Swan in 1879. Thought to have been broken up around 1900.[23]
c. 1890 Wooden paddle steamer built by George Beddoes, Auckland. 60 hp 2 x oscillating steam engines. 11 knots. First regular saloon steamer on Manly service. Also used as a tug, cargo carrier, and excursion ferry.
141 tons
40.3 m
750
1893
Florence
1872
Wooden screw steamer built by W. Dunn, Lavender Bay. 8 hp steam engine by Chapman & Co. A North Shore Ferry company vessel.[14] Provided first regular daytime runs to Mosman.
15 tons
16.9 m
1900
Coombra
1872
a North Shore Ferry company vessel. Burnt out 1888.[14][20]
45 tons
23.8 m
1888
Leipoa
1872
Wooden paddle steamer. Built by Mort's Dock & Engineering Co. Ltd, Balmain. 19 hp steam engine by builder. H. Perdriau's Balmain Steam Ferry Co Ltd. broken up c1918.
Wooden paddle steamer. Built by Duncan & Sorrie, Balmain, NSW. 16 hp triple expansion steam by Mort's Dock & Engineering Co. Ltd. Sold to Newcastle. Fate unknown
69 tons
25.4 m
?
Commodore
1878
More images... Manly iron paddle steamer. Originally had twin funnels. Sold to Newcastle in 1926 for use as a tug. Scuttled 8 September 1931
More images...Paddle steamer on Manly run. Built in Scotland and sailed and paddled to Sydney. Steel-hulled with two-deck timber super-structure. The third double-ended steamer on the Manly run and first to be specifically designed for the route. Converted to two lighters in Brisbane.[27][28]
More images... Sydney's first double-ended screw ferry, and the second in the world. Built by Norman Selfe. This remained the basic design of all Sydney double-ended screw ferries.[16] Wheelhouses were added later. Unusually, lower deck passenger area was full width of hull with no bulwarks. Converted to a tug in 1918, then a lighter, and broken up in 1926.[14]
Screw steamer. Built as 'Osprey' in 1879 by W Dunn, Berry's Bay. 11 hp steam engine by Vale & Lacey. Sold to the North Shore Steam Ferry Co. in 1892 and renamed Lilac.[29]
35 tons
20.2 m
200
-
Benelon
1880
More images... Vehicular ferry. Sunk in 1923 after collision with North Coast steamer Burringba without loss of passenger life, however, a number of horses went down with the ferry to much public outcry.[30]
More images... Wooden paddle steamer built by W Dunn at Berry's Bay. 25 hp steam engine by Mort's Dock and Engineering. Converted to a lighter 1902, broken up 1910
81 tons
21.3 m
1902
Rose
With Swansea, provided the first regular Watsons Bay services
St Leonards
1880
More images... Paddle steamer, decommissioned in 1901 and used as floating pontoon at Neutral Bay and Hunters Hill[31]
More images...Built by Rock Davis. Both decks largely closed in. Sydney's first electrically lit ferry, and one of the first double-ended screw ferries. North Shore Steam Ferry company bought her from Parramatta River Steam and Tram Company. Travelling at 6.5 knots, she lost the 'forward' propeller and her speed immediately increased to 9 knots. 1892 re-engined (50 hp compound steam by Bow, McLachlan % Co) and converted to single-ended vessel with her lower deck closed in. Converted to lighter in 1913 and her engines placed in the Karingal launched that year.[5][32][33]
79 tons, 1892: 120 tons
33.3 m
500
1913
Lily
1882
More images... Wooden screw steamer. Built J. Piper, Balmain, NSW. 20 hp triple expansion steam engine. Spent much of her time on the Circular Quay to Neutral Bay run.[34] Broken up 1911
66 tons
23.0 m
250
-
1911
Eagle, later Cygnet
1882
As built, as Eagle Wooden screw steamer. Built by W Dunn, Berry's Bay. 25 hp steam engine by Chapman & Co. Renamed Cygnet 1899. Converted to houseboat 1931. Fate unknown
More images... Iron-hulled paddler. Built by T.B. Sheath & Co., Rutherglen, Scotland. 160 hp (1890s: 230 hp) 2 x compound diagonal oscillating steam engine by A. Campbell & Son. 15 knots. A popular well-appointed Manly ferry. The largest paddle steamer operated on Sydney Harbour and the last on the Manly run, she was sold in 1916 becoming a store ship in Port Stephens.[28]
67.1 m
1200
Manly ferry, paddle steamer
1916
Port Jackson
1883
More images...Screw steamer used as Manly cargo vessel with passenger facilities. Could also be used as a tug.[28][35]
108 tons
Balmain
1883
More images... Paddle steamer. Built by B.S. Bridges of Balmain for the Balmain Steam Ferry Company. From 1901, run by the Balmain New Ferry Company. Replaced by the second series of Lady class ferries and broken up around 1910.[36]
More images...Paddle steamer built by Watty Ford of Berry's Bay. Typical of the shape of North Shore Steam Ferry Company's double-ended paddle fleet. Incorporated into Sydney Ferry Company's fleet in 1900. Transferred to Melbourne about 10 years later.[37]
More images...Typical of Sydney Harbour paddle steamer ferries, she was the largest and last of them. Sold in 1910 and used as a pontoon at Gladesville Bridge wharf. Sister to Waratah (II).[38][39]
More images...Paddle steamer built by Mort's Docks for Port Jackson Steam Ship Company. Smaller and of lower passenger capacity than Brighton, she was used on off peak services to Manly. With the introduction of the larger Bingarra class and larger screw ferries, in 1911 she was modified for use as a cargo ferry with derricks fitted at either end. Hulked about 1917.[17]
With Rose, provided the first regular Watson's Bay services[40]
60 tons
359
Me Mel
1888
More images...Paddle steamer built for Balmain Steam Ferry Company. On 31 January 1914, sank in four minutes without loss of life after being hit at her wharf by steamer Mokau.
174 tons
38.1 m
580
paddle steamer
Bee
Served the Watson's Bay run.[40] Unusually, had a canoe stern. Replaced by ex-Balmain ferry, Bald Rock, and sent to Brisbane.
Oceana
1886
Served the Watson's Bay run, wrecked on the bar of Manning River while en route to work for Manning River Ferry Company.[40][41]
One of several ferries in the early 1890s, used by the Manly Co-operative Steam Ferry Limited set up to compete, ultimately unsuccessfully, with the Port Jackson Steamship Company.
One of several ferries in the early 1890s, used by the Manly Co-operative Steam Ferry Limited set up to compete, ultimately unsuccessfully, with the Port Jackson Steamship Company.
More images... Wooden paddle steamer. Built in Balmain by G. Duncan for Balmain service.[38] 35 hp steam engine by Atlas Engineering Co. Renamed Vaucluse in September 1900. Later transferred to Watsons Bay service replacing Bee. Name reverted to Bald Rock in 1905. Sold to Melbourne 1907, broken up 1928.
Courier right side More images... Served the Watson's Bay and Balmain runs. Contracted to the P & O Line, she was on call whenever one of their liners was in Sydney Harbour
65 tons
22.8 m
300
Genista
1886
Built in Lavender Bay in 1886 by W. Dunn for H. Perdriau was a single-ended vessel used as a ferry, for cruising, and occasional tug work. In 1889, she was sold to Westernport Bay and Flinders Steam Ship Company to work on Westernport Bay. Broken up in 1933.[42]
More images...Balmain single-ended screw steamer. Had several owners and mostly used around the Balmain-Darling Harbour, Rozelle Bay areas. When the Balmain New Ferry Co. took over the Lane Cove run in 1906 the 'Birkenhead' was also used on that service to Fig Tree. Sank on 14 May 1913.[44]
More images...Wooden screw steamer built by David Drake Ltd, Balmain. 60 hp steam engine by Muir & Houston. First double-ended ferry with triple-expansion engines (by Muir & Houston). Burnt out in 1900 and in 1901 and rebuilt each time. Worked on North Sydney service before being transferred to Mosman service.[45] Sold for breaking up 1926.
More images...First of a number of series of 'Lady' ferries. Part of the Balmain New Ferry Company fleet until that company's takeover by Sydney Ferries Ltd in 1918.[46] Became a houseboat after her service as a ferry.[38]
79 tons
25.3 m
393
Lady class, first series
1928
Lady Napier
1892
Part of the Balmain New Ferry Company fleet until that company's takeover by Sydney Ferries Ltd in 1918.[46][47]
89 tons
29.9 m
450
Lady class, first series
1920 laid up(?)
Lady Manning
1893
More images...Part of the Balmain New Ferry Company fleet until that company's takeover by Sydney Ferries Ltd in 1918.[46]
97 tons
33.2 m
475
Lady class, first series
1928
Conqueror
1893
More images... One of several ferries in the early 1890s, used by the Manly Co-operative Steam Ferry Limited set up to compete, ultimately unsuccessfully, with the Port Jackson Steamship Company. Later transferred to South Australia
Waringa Karaga
1894
More images... Built by Dunn Brothers, Berry's Bay for North Shore Steam ferries and later taken over by Sydney Ferries Ltd. 30 hp compound steam engine by Muir & Houston Ltd, 11 knots. As built had open deck which was glassed-in about 1910, renamed Karaga in 1913. Taken out of service following opening of Sydney Harbour Bridge. Taken over by Australian government in 1943 for use as accommodation vessel.Originally built in 1894 with open deck which was glassed-in about 1910, renamed Karaga in 1913, and taken over by US forces in 1943.[48]
Wooden screw steamer, built by Peter Callen of Stockton. 40 hp compound steam engine by Ross & Duncan. 12 knots. Chartered 1896 to the Manly Co-operative Steam Ferry Company as Manly ferry. Alterations carried out by Young, Son & Fletcher of Balmain, and supervised by naval architect Walter Reeks. To Brisbane 1908. Broken up 1952.
More images...Wooden screw steamer. Built by Young, Son & Fletcher, Balmain NSW. Designed by renowned naval architect Walter Reeks, the first double-ended screw ferry on the Manly run.[49] 100 hp triple expansion steam engine. 14 knots. In 1922, set a record time of 22 minutes for trip to Manly which has not been beaten by conventional ferry (hydrofoils did the run in 15 minutes). Broken up in 1926
229 tons
44.8 m
820
Manly ferry
1924
Wallaroo Kiamala
1896
More images...Wooden screw steamer. Built by Young, Son & Fletcher, Rozelle. Originally built with open upper deck and sister ship to Carabella.[39] 30 hp triple expansion steam engines by Muir & Houston Ltd. Originally operated by North Shore Steam Ferry Company then by Sydney Ferries Ltd. Rebuilt in 1914 by David Drake, Balmain, NSW and glassed-in with named changed to Kiamala. Taken out of service following opening of Sydney Harbour Bridge. Taken over by Australian government in 1943 to assist the war effort[50] as an accommodation vessel. Fate unknown
More images... Part of the Balmain New Ferry Company fleet until that company's takeover by Sydney Ferries Ltd in 1918.[46] Requisitioned for naval use in 1942. Sunk as target.
135 tons
35.1 m
636
Lady class, first series
1942
CarabellaKarabella
1897
More images...Wooden screw steamer. Sister to Wallaroo/Kiamala.[39] Built by Young, Son & Fletcher, Rozelle for North Shore Steam Ferry Company (later Sydney Ferries Limited) 30 hp compound steam engine by Muir & Houston Ltd. Received electric lighting 1901. Rebuilt, extended, and renamed Karabella in 1916. On 9 May 1901, collided with Rosedale near Milsons Point and damaged amidships. On 17 January 1902, collided with Sonoma and sponson damaged. Taken out of service following opening of Sydney Harbour Bridge in 1932, however, in 1936 returned to service as an excursion vessel mainly following the 18 footer races. Returned to passenger service in 1939 on Neutral Bay route. Taken over by Australian government in 1943 to assist the war effort.[50][39]
After a house built on North Shore in 1882-'Carrably'
More images...One of Joubert's Lane Cover ferries. Service speed of 10 knots. Designed well for river work with high wheelhouse to see over crowd and a good balance of open and closed areas. Burnt out on 4 April 1927 when Lane Cove service was near its end.[42]
80 tons
25.6 m
1927
Bronzewing
1899
More images... Wooden screw steamer. The largest of Sydney single-ended ferries, she had a shallow draft and could exceed 12 knots. The last traditional 'river type' boat built for the Parramatta service. Glazed-in all around, and other open ferries were updated to match. Built by R. Young & Son, Balmain. 35 hp triple expansion steam engine by Ross & Duncan. 12 knots. Withdrawn from that service in 1931, used by Sydney Ferries Ltd until scrapping in 1933.[32][38]
More images...Similar to Kirribilli (II). Built by North Shore Steam Ferry Co Ltd. 60 hp triple expansion steam engine by Campbell & Calderwood. 12 knots. Mainly used on the Mosman run.[51] Laid up 1932, sold for breaking up in 1934.
More images...Wooden screw steamer. Similar to Kurraba. Built by John Cuthbert, Sydney. 60 hp triple expansion steam engines by Mort's Dock & Engineering Co Ltd, Balmain. 12 knots. Served various North Shore runs. Retired following opening of the Sydney Harbour Bridge. Broken up 1935.[52]
Australian Aboriginal name meaning 'good fishing spot', and name of a Sydney suburb
More images...Designed by renowned naval architect, Walter Reeks. Iron framed, steel plated double-ended screw ferry, and the first of the familiar Manly ferry shape of the 20th century. Built at Mort's Dock and Engineering in Balmain.[49] 85 hp triple expansion steam engines by builder. 15 knots. Sold to Newcastle 1928. Tied up and hulked in 1934. In World War II, US forces used her in New Guinea as a storage barge. After WWII, towed back to Newcastle, moored at Hexham and sank in the mud near Hexham Bridge, still visible.[53]
More images... Wooden screw steamer. Built by N Joubert. 20 hp compound steam engine by Ross & Duncan. 11 knots. Sold to Newcastle. Renamed "Wattle". Broken up by 1941
82 tons
25.2 m
420
Koree
1902
More images...Built by David Drake, Ltd, Balmain. 69 hp Triple expansion steam engine by Clyde Engineering Co. Ltd. 11 knots. First Sydney ferry with enclosed promenade deck passenger house. Sold for breaking up in 1934.
More images... Built in 1902 as a tug, Greyhound II, converted into a ferry about 1908 to run the Clifton Gardens service for Sydney Ferries Ltd. Reconverted to tug in 1917.[54][55]
More images...Built by Dunn Brothers, North Sydney. 31 hp compound steam engine by Lees, Anderson & Co. 12 knots. Sea trials on 15 January 1903. Collided with Vaucluse in 1919 and was out of service for several weeks for repairs. In 1927, the first vessel to arrive and rescue passengers during the Greycliffe's sinking. Laid up following opening of Sydney Harbour Bridge, 1932. Engine removed 1935 and sold 1935. Hull sold 1939.
More images...Part of the Balmain New Ferry Company fleet until that company's takeover by Sydney Ferries Ltd in 1918.[46] Differing to the other early Lady Class ferries, had open-air extended shelters for passengers on upper deck. Made redundant with the 1932 opening of the Sydney Harbour Bridge.[56]
More images...Wooden double-ended screw steamer. 70 hp steam engine by Chapman & Co. Ltd. 14 knots. Served the Watsons Bay run. The first of the Walter Reeks double-ended single-screw designs and built by Rock Davis of Brisbane Waters. At 15 knots, the fastest ferry at the time, able to overtake Manly ferries en route to Watsons Bay. [45][57][58] Expensive to run.[54] In 1916, collided with Royal Australian Navy steam yacht, Franklin, and began to sink with 100 passengers aboard. Kirawa, towed her to Garden Island where she was made fast.[59] With the Watsons Bay run declining, the vessel was sold to Newcastle 1931 and its fate is unknown. Watsons Bay service was abandoned in 1933.[25][54]
More images...Built by W M Ford Jnr, North Sydney. 60 hp triple expansion steam engine by Mort's Dock & Engineering, Balmain. 12 knots. Along with Kuramia, at 338 tons, the largest wooden ferries on Sydney Harbour.[60] Built to service the busy North Shore routes. in 1935, provided with a higher (flying) bridge for use as a spectator vessel for sailing events.[61] Sold for breaking up 1952 following State Government takeover.
More images...Steel screw steamer. Designed by Captain Christie and built by Morts Dock & Engineering. First of the Binngarra class Manly ferry that was the model for the Manly ferry throughout the 20th century. First Manly ferry with wheelhouses at the end of the top deck. The first of six near identical sister ships Bellubera and Barrenjoey (later North Head).[62] 103 hp triple expansion steam engine by builder. 14 knots. Ran 98,279 round trips to Manly. Converted to lighter 1933 and used in Port Stephens. Hull later used in New Guinea as a cargo hulk for United States Navy during World War II. Scuttled 1946
Australian Aboriginal word meaning 'returning'
442 tons
57.9 m
1372 (summer) / 858 (winter)
Manly ferry, Binngarra type
1933
Lady Northcote
1905
More images...Part of the Balmain New Ferry Company fleet until that company's takeover by Sydney Ferries Ltd in 1918.[46] First double-ended screw ferry in Sydney built for single-screw propulsion.[63] Converted to diesel power in the 1930s.[64] Similar to Lady Rawson but with raised wheelhouses. Along with Lady Rawson, was the largest of the series and sported two funnels. Sold and hulked 1941. Scuttled in Pittwater 1945
More images...Wooden double-endeed screw steamer. Built for Neutral Bay to Circular Quay Service by Morrison & Sinclair Ltd, Balmain. Trials on 7 September 1905 and entered service 4 days later.[65] 40 hp compound steam engine by Chapman & Co. Ltd. 10 knots. Nicknamed 'The Box'.[45] Sold for breaking up in 1959 after Kosciusko returned to service following her conversion to diesel power.
More images...Served the Watson Bay area until 1934,[45] and set new standards for speed and comfort.[57] Part of the Watsons Bay and South Shore Ferry Company which was bought by Sydney Ferries Ltd in 1920.[46] Sold in 1934 following the cessation of the Vaucluse service in 1933.
98 tons
31.1 m
540
1934
Lady Linda
1906
Part of the Balmain New Ferry Company fleet until that company's takeover by Sydney Ferries Ltd in 1918.[46]
13 tons
13.1 m
1934
Kai Kai
1906
More images... Built by David Drake Ltd, Balmain. Triple expansion steam engine (59 hp). When launched (7 November 1906 by Miss Nina Massic), she was the largest of the Sydney Ferries Ltd fleet. Reached 11.5 knots on her trials (13 March 1907), and three days later began work on the heavy-lift commuter run from Circular Quay to Lavender Bay.[66] Survived opening of harbour bridge in 1932 and was modified with a flying bridge to provide her master with greater visibility in order to follow yacht races. She was used extensively for charter and concert events. To Navy 1942 for use as accommodation ship.[50] Navy purchased her in 1943. Sold for breaking up 1947
Australian Aboriginal word for 'jewfish' or 'food'
More images... Represents Sydney Ferries Ltd's first attempt to design ferry specifically for Parramatta River service after it took over the service in 1901. Unusually for K class, it was originally fitted with a short funnel for service along the river and its low bridges. Passengers, however, were showered with soot and awning was placed on promenade deck.[67]Kaludah was a similar design. Following cessation of services past Gladesville Bridge in 1928, she was fitted with tall funnel.[68] In late 1940s, was sent to Newcastle to carry dockyard workers. Broken up in 1959.[69]
More images... Part of the Balmain New Ferry Company fleet until that company's takeover by Sydney Ferries Ltd in 1918.[46] Sold for breaking up 1934.
146 tons
39.6 m
701
Lady class, second series
1934
Killara (II)
1909
More images...Vehicular ferry, sold for service on Westernport Bay in 1933 following the opening of the Sydney Harbour Bridge. Sold to Melbourne authorities 1944. Later broken up in Tasmania. Similar to Kedumba.[69][73]
309 tons
40.0
49 passengers, 33 vehicles
Vehicular ferry
1933
Kaludah, formerly Kuranda
1909
More images... Built by Morrison & Sinclair, Ltd. Balmain. Campbell & Calderwood triple expansion steam engines (50 hp, 12 knots). Launched as Kuranda but named changed to Kuludah when larger ship was named Kuranda.[69] Of similar design to Kookooburra with short funnel to pass under low bridges on Parramatta River service.[67]Kookooburra and Kaludah were the only K-class ferries to have pointed rather than rounded ends. Caught fire at her moorings on 22 March 1911, drifted downstream, brought under tow alight by fire boat Pelvius, burnt herself to the water line and sank in Tarban Creek[74]...the shortest lived of the Sydney ferries. Engines and usable timber went to the Kamiri.[62][75]
More ImagesSimilar to Kosciusko. Built by Morrison & Sinclair Ltd, Balmain. Triple expansion steam engine by Mort's Dock & Engineering Co Ltd, 55 hp, 11 knots. On 15 June 1927, Manly ferry Balgowlah collided with Kanimbla at Circular Quay tearing a hole in the Kanimbla's port bow. Balgowlah had minor damage whereas Kanimbla nearly sank. Four people on Kanimbla were injured during the incident. Gave up her original name, Kanimbla, in 1935 to a bigger ship, and became Kurra-Ba.[76] Broken up 1950s.
In her final configuration as a diesel-electric vesselThird of the Binngarra class Manly ferry. Almost identical sister ship to Binngarra (1905), Burra-bra (1908), Balgowlah (1912), Barrenjoey (1913 – later North Head, and Baragoola. 1936, first Australian ship to be converted to diesel-electric engines with Harland and Woolf engines. Fire destroyed her superstructure while tied up overnight with the death of 2 crewman. Rebuilt in 1937. 1954 updated with English Electric units. Retired 1973, scuttled off Long Reef 1980.[70]
Thought to be an Australian Aboriginal word for "pretty lady" or "beautiful woman".[77]
More images...Identical sister to Kiandra & Kubu, the three of which were the second largest type of inner harbour vessels and built for the rapidly increasing North Shore demand. All three vessels survived the opening of the Sydney Harbour Bridge, but Kirrule and Kiandra were laid up following State Government takeover of Sydney Ferries Ltd in 1951.[78] She was considered for conversion to diesel, however, she was broken up in 1953. More Images
More images...Built by Brisbane Waters shipbuilder Rock Davis. Similar to Lady Edeline, Lady Denman, Lady Scott, and Lady Ferguson. Part of the Balmain New Ferry Company fleet until that company's takeover by Sydney Ferries Ltd in 1918.[46] In 1933, became first Sydney Ferries Ltd vessel to be converted to diesel. Gardner diesel, two strike five-cylinder providing 190 hp (141 kW) and 10.3 knots. Sent to Adelaide in 1971 and rebuilt as show boat. In 1985 moved to Melbourne where she sank in 2008 and was broken up in 2011.[79]
More images...Built by Morrison & Sinclair Ltd, Balmain. Identical sister to Kirrule & Kubu, the three of which were the second largest type of inner harbour vessels and built for the rapidly increasing North Shore demand. During the 1920s, Kiandra and her two sisters were used for harbour cruises and proved popular in this role.[80] Laid up immediately following State Government takeover of Sydney Ferries Ltd in 1951. Sold for breaking up 1953
a corruption of Aboriginal 'Gianderra' for 'sharp stones for knives' and town in NSW
More images...Served the Watson's Bay run. Part of the Watsons Bay and South Shore Ferry Company which was bought by Sydney Ferries Ltd in 1920.[46] In 1927, sunk in collision with liner Tahiti with the loss of 40 lives.
More images... Similar to Kanimbla. Built by David Drake Ltd., Balmain. 54 hp triple expansion steam engine by Campbell & Calderwell. 10 knots. Converted to diesel in 1959 (60 hp Crossley Brothers, 11 knots). In 1975, towed to Hobart following collapse of bridge and sold to that city. Following re-opening of the bridge, she was sold and used as a floating restaurant, but burnt out during renovations in 1982. End of hull including propeller and rudder displayed outside hotel in Hobart.[81][82]
More images...Fourth of the Binngarra class Manly ferry. Steel double-ended screw steamer. Sister ship to Bellubera (1910), Barrenjoey (1913 – later North Head and similar to Binngarra (1905), Burra-bra (1908), and Baragoola (1922). Built by Mort's Dock & Engineering. 122 hp triple expansion steam engine by builder. 16 knots. Hulked 1953[70]
More images...Sister ship to Kirawa who were the only steel-hull K Class vessels. Built by Mort's Dock & Engineering Co. Ltd, Balmain. 68 hp triple expansion steam engine (by builder). 13 knots. The last of the inner-harbour ferries to be converted to diesel (8-cylinder diesel, 44 hp, 11 knots) re-entering service in 1959. Retired 1985. Now part of Sydney Heritage Fleet and under restoration. One of the longest serving Sydney ferries and the last of the large early twentieth century Sydney ferries.
More images...Sister ship to Kanangra who were the first steel-hull K Class vessels (then only Kuttabul and Koompartoo had steel hulls). Built by Mort's Dock & Engineering Co Ltd, Balmain. 68 hp triple expansion steam engines by builder. 13 knots. Retired and broken up in 1953 due to faulty boiler tubes.[83]
More images...Identical sister to Kiandra & Kirrule the three of which were the second largest type of inner harbour vessels and built for the rapidly increasing North Shore demand. Built by Morrison & Sinclair Ltd, Balmain. 68 hp triple expansion steam engine by Mort's Dock & Engineering Co Ltd. 12 knots. Along with her sisters, she was given greater power than earlier vessels of the same size so that longer runs to Mosman were quicker. Used in the 1920s as an excursion vessel. Removed from service following Kanangra's return to service after conversion to diesel. The last coal-fired steam ferry on Port Jackson. Laid up in 1960.
More images...Sister to Kameruka. Built by Morrison & Sinclair Ltd, Balmain. Used engines and timbers of Kaludah which was gutted by fire in 1912. 50 hp triple expansion steam engines by Campbell and Calderwood. 11 knots. Retired in 1951 and broken up upon state government takeover of Sydney Ferries Ltd.[75][84]
More images...Built by J Dent of Jervis Bay. Similar to Lady Edeline, Lady Chelmsford, Lady Scott, and Lady Ferguson. Part of the Balmain New Ferry Company fleet until that company's takeover by Sydney Ferries Ltd in 1918.[46] Converted to diesel power in the 1930s.[64] Now part of museum on NSW South Coast.
Barrenjoey images...North Head images...Fifth of the Binngarra class Manly ferry. Almost identical sister ship to Binngarra (1905), Burra-bra (1908), Bellubera (1910), Balgowlah (1912), and Baragoola (1922).[70] Converted to diesel electric in 1951, and renamed North Head – significantly modified in appearance with two short funnels, enclosed top deck and new hull shape.[85]
Barrenjoey headland and Aboriginal word for wallaby. North Head at entrance to Sydney Harbour
More images...Sister to Kamiri. Built by Morrison & Sinclair Ltd, Balmain for Parramatta River run. Relatively high speed ferry, and thus used on Taronga Zoo and river runs.[76] 53 hp triple expansion steam engines by Campbell and Calderwood. 12 knots. Burnt out in 1918 and rebuilt. 1938 boiler crowns collapsed and was not returned to work until 1945. In 1954 was converted to diesel (60 hp Crossley Brothers 6-cylinder, 11 knots) and given a more modern looking makeover.[84] One of the longest-lived Sydney Harbour ferries.
Australian Aboriginal word meaning 'wait til I come'
More images...Built 1913, laid up 1984]] Built by J Watson of Annandale. Similar to Lady Denman, Lady Chelmsford, Lady Scott, and Lady Ferguson. Part of the Balmain New Ferry Company fleet until that company's takeover by Sydney Ferries Ltd in 1918.[46] Converted to diesel power in the 1936.[64] Re-engined 1963.[86] Laid up 1984, sank near Mortlake Punt 1988.[87]
More images... Sister to Karingal. Built by Morrison & Sinclair Ltd. Original triple expansion steam engines (36 hp, Hawthorn, Leslie & Co.) were sourced from Pheasant (1887), Sydney's first triple-expansion steam ferry.[14] These engines are now part of the Museum of Applied Arts and Sciences collection.[43] 1936 converted from steam to diesel-electric power (6-cylinder diesel, by Henty & Gardner), the first of the Sydney Ferries Ltd fleet converted. Re-engined 1958, 6-cylinder diesel, 450 bhp, Crossley Brothers. Used in 1966, along with Karingal, on a weekend and holiday service to Watsons Bay, however, the service ceased due to lack of passengers. 1984 sank at Circular Quay after competing in the annual Great Ferry Race. Raised two days later and laid up. 1986 sold and relocated to Gosford as floating restaurant. Sank at wharf in 2003 and broken up in 2005.
More images... Sister to Karrabee. Built by Morrison & Sinclair Ltd., Balmain. Her original steam engines (28 hp Bow, McLachlan & Co) came from Alathea when she was converted to a lighter.[33]Karingal could make 11 knots with her original steam engines. Converted to diesel in 1937 (6-cylinder L. Gardner, 9 knots). Re-engined 1961 (450 bhp 6-cylinder diesel, Crossley Brothers). Used in 1966, along with Karrabee, on a weekend and holiday service to Watsons Bay, however, the service ceased due to lack of passengers. Sank in Bass Strait en route to new owners in Melbourne in 1980s.
Built for Watsons Bay-Manly service and uniquely had high wheelhouses and bulwarks to run across Sydney Heads, but the service was short lived. Part of the Watsons Bay and South Shore Ferry Company which was bought by Sydney Ferries Ltd in 1920.[46][88] Used on other services after Vaucluse service was abandoned in 1933 due to competition from trams and private cars. Sold 1941.
Australian Aboriginal word meaning 'camp', 'meeting ground' or a 'sitting down place' and the name of a Sydney suburb
More images...Along with Kulgoa, at 335 tons, the largest wooden ferries on Sydney Harbour.[60] Built by David Drake Ltd, Balmain. 69 hp triple expansion steam engines by Mort's Dock & Engineering Co. Ltd. 12 knots. Engine sold 1940, requisitioned for naval use in 1942 as a boom gate vessel on the harbour boom off Watsons Bay.[50][46] Hulk sunk as target of Sydney, 10 October 1953.
Vehicular ferry, similar to Killara (II). Redundant with the opening of the Sydney Harbour Bridge, she sank off Narooma in January 1933 whilst being towed to Victoria.[46][73]
More images...Wooden screw steamer. Built by J Dent of Jervis Bay. Similar to Lady Edeline, Lady Chelmsford, Lady Denman, and Lady Ferguson. 24 hp compound steam engine by McKie & Baxter. 11 knots. Part of the Balmain New Ferry Company fleet until that company's takeover by Sydney Ferries Ltd in 1918.[46] Converted to diesel power in the 1930s with a six-cylinder 190 hp Gardner diesel. 9 knots.[64][89] With hull in need of maintenance, she was sold in 1969 and used as cruise ferry. Painted blue and white, fitted with a small high-reving diesel engine and her aft wheelhouse turned into galley. While tied up at Rodd Island, she caught fire and burnt to the waterline on 6 November 1972. With her hull still sound, superstructure was rebuilt with new appearance as the successful John Cadman cruising restaurant.[47] Sold 2000s renamed Harbour Queen. Sank at Blackwattle Bay 2014 and broken up
More images...Similar to Lady Edeline, Lady Chelmsford, Lady Scott, and Lady Denman. Part of the Balmain New Ferry Company fleet until that company's takeover by Sydney Ferries Ltd in 1918.[46] Converted to diesel power in the 1930s.[64] Re-engined 1956. Acting as a relief ferry since 1963, she was to set aside for disposal in 1974. Towed to Hobart in March 1975 as relief vessel after bridge collapse but could not be used due to poor condition. Broken up 1977.[47][86]
More images...The last Manly cargo ferry. Nicknamed "The Broad Bean". Sold in 1928 to Westernport Bay Shipping Company when Manly cargo service closed down. Wrecked in 1958
More images...Steel screw steamer (later diesel). Sixth and final of the Binngarra class Manly ferry. Built by Morts Dock & Engineering.[70] 112 hp triple expansion steam engines by builder. 15 knots. Converted to diesel electric in 1961. 16 knots. Decommissioned 1983 and laid up. As of 2020, remains laid up at Balls Head
More images...Along with her sister, Koompartoo, they were the last of the K-class ferries and the two biggest ferries ever owned by Sydney Ferries Ltd. Built by NSW Government Dockyard, Newcastle. 113 hp triple expansion steam engine by builder. 12 knots. With the largest passenger capacity of any Sydney ferry including Manly ferries, both vessels built for the short heavy lift run from Circular Quay to Milsons Point. Originally certified for 1,505 passengers, they later carried up to 2,500 passengers, and regularly 2,000. Removed from service following opening of the Sydney Harbour Bridge. Later used for cruises and to view harbour sailing events. Taken over by the Royal Australian Navy as an accommodation ship and moored at Garden Island where, on 31 May 1942, sunk by Japanese torpedo with the loss of nineteen naval ratings (see Attack on Sydney Harbour). Naval base at Garden Island carries the name HMAS Kuttabul
More images...Built by NSW Government Dockyard, Newcastle. 113 hp triple expansion steam engine by builder. 12 knots. Along with sister Kuttabul, were the two biggest ferries ever owned by Sydney Ferries and the largest ferry on Sydney Harbour by passenger capacity. Both vessels built for the short heavy lift run from Circular Quay to Milsons Point. Made redundant on the Milsons Point run following 1932 opening of the Sydney Harbour Bridge and converted to concert boat in 1935. Converted to Naval boom-gate vessel 1942-42. Sold to Commonwealth Government 1945. Stripped hull went to Tasmania 1966 to be used as a bauxite barge.[91]
Australian Aboriginal word meaning 'a fresh start'
More images...Originally built as a vehicular punt, in 1937, following redundancy with the opening of the harbour bridge, she was converted to be Sydney's first specially built showboat. In September 1942, she was converted to Army repair craft S181 Koondooloo adding workshops and gun sponsons.[36] Later, reconverted to a vehicular ferry. Wrecked at Trial Bay in 1972 while under tow.[46]
More images...Steel steam screw vehicular ferry. Sister to Kara Kara and similar to Koondooloo and the biggest car ferries to operate in Sydney. Built by J Chrichton & Co Ltd (Saltney, England. 148 hp triple expansion steam engine by Plenty & Sons Ltd. 13 knots. Made redundant with opening of Sydney Harbour Bridge. Used as cargo vessel 1932-1938. Converted to a three-deck showboat 1938. In October 1942, converted to AEME floating workshop (repair ship) Kalang AB97. Steamed up Australian east coast and across to Samarai. Operated as repair ship in Rabaul and Torokina.[92] Converted back to show boat in 1947/48. Not included in the 1951 government takeover of Sydney Ferries and continued to operate as a showboard. Rising costs and decreasing business and sold and laid in 1958. Renamed Sydney Queen in 1960 by new owners and painted white. Laid up in 1963 Wrecked at Trial Bay in 1972 while under tow to Manilla for use as a ferry/showboat.[46]
Australian Aboriginal word meaning 'beautiful'
350
57.0 m
50 vehicles, 250 passengers. 2,153 passengers as showboat
More images...Along with Dee Why, one of two identical sister ships built for the Manly run. When introduced, the largest ferries on Sydney Harbour. Capable of 20 knots, possibly the fastest displacement hull ferry on Sydney Harbour. Laid up 1960, scuttled 1969.[93]
More images...Along with Curl Curl, one of two identical sister ships built for the Manly run. When introduced, the largest ferries on Sydney Harbour. Laid up 1968, scuttled 1976.[93]
More images...The largest and last steam ferry to operate on Sydney Harbour.[94] Built for the Manly run, she served until 1974. Damaged by fire 1974 while laid up, restored in the 1980s, used as a floating restaurant. Remains in existence and arguably the most famous of all Sydney ferries.
More images...New style, fully enclosed ferry. Originally intended to be the first of a series, she was immediately unpopular with passengers (but popular with masters) and no more were built.
67 tons
22.7 m
278
1985
Manly (III)
1964
More images...Japanese built. The first hydrofoil service on Sydney Harbour
More images...In her original Public Transport Commission colours]]Sister to Lady Northcott. Sent to Hobart to assist following 1975 Bridge collapse. Returned 1977. Used on Manly run in 1970s and 1980s until new Freshwater class ferries commissioned.
More images...Fourth and final of Freshwater class ferry. First of its class to have open ends on upper deck. Preceding three Freshwater class ferries subsequently have the open upper deck retro-fitted.
An auxiliary steamer, built in the United Kingdom in 1826, arrived in Sydney in 1831 and fitted out for excursions around the harbour with limited financial success.[1] She was too deep in the draft for Parramatta River service and was used on coastal trips north and south of Sydney.[3].jpg)
Double-ended iron paddle steamer built for Parramatta service and later serviced Balmain route. Similar to Black Swan and Pelican. Assembled from parts imported from the United Kingdom. Her 1 metre draft was well-suited to river work. 30 hp (22.4 kW) jet-condensing steam engine drove 4.2m paddle wheels, giving speed that was stiff competition for the older Australia. Similar to Black Swan and Pelican. Successful ferry that ran on Parramatta River service for 20 years. Also use from 1855 as inaugural weekday service twice a day to Manly. Later transferred to the Balmin run.[7][9][10][11] Wrecked 24 April 1884.
_QUEEN.jpg)
.jpg)
Unlike most of the Harbour's early paddle steamers, she was not an excursion boat but a ferry. Served on a variety of early routes and was one of the first regular Manly ferries. A Gerrard Brothers boat.[14][16]
Iron paddle steamer built in Melbourne by J Daw, most of her service was on Manly run for the Brighton and Manly Beach Steam Company. The first of the large double-ended Manly ferries. 50 hp steam engine. Also thought to be the first vessel in the long standing Manly ferry livery of dark green hull and white funnel with black topping. Long and narrow (beam 4.0 m) paddle steamer with shallow draft made for unpleasant rides across Sydney Heads in bad weather. Broken up in Pyrmont c. 1886[10][16]
Originally built in 1865 as Emu (II) by A & J Inglis, Glasgow and re-assembled at Kangaroo Point, Brisbane for use on Brisbane River and Moreton Bay. Two inverter diagonal steam, 70 hp. 10 knots. Originally owned by Queensland Steam Navigation Company. Came to Port Jackson Steam Boat Company in January 1877 through to 1909. Renamed Brightside in 1887. Sank in 1897, converted to cargo vessel in 1902 and worked the Manly route until 1908 when she was gutted by fire. The hull was converted to a lighter, and broken up in 1909.[14][21][22].jpg)
Double-ended paddle steamer on PParramatta River service for Parramatta River Steamship Company with several subsequent owners. Rebuilt and renamed Swan in 1879. Thought to have been broken up around 1900.[23]
a North Shore Ferry company vessel.[24]
.jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
_built_1921_on_sea_trials.jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
