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BMW N52

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BMW N52 engine
Overview
Production2004–2015
Layout
ConfigurationStraight-6
Displacement2.5–3.0 L (153–183 cu in)
Cylinder block materialMagnesium-Aluminium
Cylinder head materialAluminium
ValvetrainDOHC, with VVT & VVL
Combustion
Fuel typePetrol
Chronology
PredecessorBMW M54
SuccessorBMW N53

The BMW N52 is a naturally aspirated straight-six petrol engine which was produced from 2004-2015. The N52 replaced the BMW M54 and debuted on the E90 3 Series and E63 6 Series.

The N52 was the first water-cooled engine to use magnesium/aluminium composite construction in the engine block.[1] It was also listed as one of Ward's 10 Best Engines in 2006 and 2007.[2][3][4]

In European markets, the N52 began to be phased out following the release of the BMW N53 in 2007. However, in markets such as the United States, Canada, Australia and Malaysia, the N53 was deemed unsuitable due to the high levels of sulfur in the fuel.[5] The N52 remained in production until 2015, since it was phased out and replaced by the BMW N20 turbocharged four-cylinder engine over the course of 2011-2015.[6]

Unlike its predecessors, there is no BMW M version of the N52.

Design

Rear of N52, with Valvetronic visible

Compared with its M54 predecessor, the N52 features Valvetronic (variable valve lift),[7] a lighter block due to the use of a magnesium alloy[8] and replaced the belt-driven water pump by an electric water pump[9] made of plastic[10] and a variable oil pump.[11]

Like the M54, the N52 uses an electronic throttle control, double-VANOS (variable valve timing). Higher output versions of the N52 use a three-stage "DISA" variable length intake manifold.[12][13]

The N52 engine block is made from a combination of magnesium and aluminium.[14] Magnesium is lighter than aluminium, however it has a greater risk of corrosion from water and may creep under load at high temperatures. Thus, magnesium in its pure form or as a conventional alloy is not suited for permanently conveying high loads and forces of the kind typically encountered in central components of the engine. Therefore, BMW combined the N52 block to use magnesium alloy for the crankcase shell, with an aluminum “inner block” to complement the magnesium disadvantages.[11][15] The cylinder liners are made of Alusil[16] and a hollow camshaft is used to reduce weight. [11]

The engine control unit (also called "DME") is a Siemens MSV70.[17]

Models

N52 shown from the intake side
Front of the N52
Front of the N52, with VANOS units visible
Exhaust side of the N52
Cutaway view of the N52 intake side, showing the cylinders
Engine Displacement Power Torque Years
N52B25 2,497 cc (152.4 cu in) 130 kW (174 bhp)
at 5,800 rpm		 230 N⋅m (170 lb⋅ft)
at 3,500-5,000 rpm		 2005-2008
150 kW (201 bhp)
at 6,400 rpm		 250 N⋅m (184 lb⋅ft)
at 2,750 rpm		 2007-2011
160 kW (215 bhp)
at 6,500 rpm		 250 N⋅m (184 lb⋅ft)
at 2,750-4,250 rpm		 2005-2011
N52B30 2,996 cc (182.8 cu in) 160 kW (215 bhp)
at 6,100 rpm		 270 N⋅m (199 lb⋅ft)
at 2,500-4,250 rpm		 2006-2010
280 N⋅m (207 lb⋅ft)
at 2,500-3,500 rpm		 2010-2011
170 kW (228 bhp)
at 6,500 rpm		 270 N⋅m (199 lb⋅ft)
at 2,750 rpm		 2007-2013
180 kW (241 bhp)
at 6,500 rpm		 310 N⋅m (229 lb⋅ft)
at 2,750 rpm		 2008-2011
190 kW (255 bhp)
at 6,600 rpm		 300 N⋅m (221 lb⋅ft)
at 2,500-4,000 rpm		 2010-2011
190 kW (255 bhp)
at 6,600 rpm		 310 N⋅m (229 lb⋅ft)
at 2,600 rpm		 2009-2015
195 kW (261 bhp)
at 6,600 rpm		 315 N⋅m (232 lb⋅ft) at
2,750-4,250 rpm		 2005-2009
200 kW (268 bhp)
at 6,650 rpm		 315 N⋅m (232 lb⋅ft) at
2,750 rpm		 2006-2010

N52B25

130 kW (174 bhp) Applications:[18][19]

  • 2006 E90 323i — Canada only
  • 2004-2007 E60/E61 523i
  • 2006-2008 E85 Z4 2.5i

150 kW (201 bhp) Applications:

  • 2007-2011 E90 323i — Canada only
  • 2010-2011 F10 523i
  • 2009-2011 E89 Z4 sDrive23i

160 kW (215 bhp) Applications:

  • 2005-2010 E83 X3 2.5si, xDrive25i
  • 2005-2010 E60/E61 525i, 525xi — except U.S. and Canada
  • 2005-2011 E90/E91/E92/E93 325i, 325xi — except U.S. and Canada
  • 2005-2008 E85 Z4 2.5si

N52B30

The 3.0 L (183 cu in) models of the N52 have a bore of 85 mm (3.35 in), a stroke of 88 mm (3.46 in) and a compression ratio of 10.7:1. Variations in power output are often due to different intake manifolds and variations of engine management software.[20]

160 kW (215 bhp) Applications:[21]

  • 2006-2007 E90/E92/E93 325i, 325xi — U.S. and Canada only
  • 2006-2007 E60/E61 525i, 525xi — U.S. and Canada only
  • 2006-2008 E85 Z4 3.0i — U.S. and Canada only
  • 2006-2011 E90/E91/E92/E93 328i, 328xi — U.S. and Canada only
  • 2008-2011 E82/E88 125i
  • 2008-2011 E82/E88 128i — U.S. and Canada only
  • 2008-2010 E60/E61 528i, 528xi — U.S. and Canada only
  • 2009-2010 E84 X1 xDrive25i

180 kW (241 bhp) Applications:[22][23]

  • 2010-2011 F10 528i

190 kW (255 bhp) Applications:[24]

  • 2004-2007 E63/E64 630i
  • 2004-2008 E90 330i, 330Ci, 330xi
  • 2005-2008 E65/E66 730i
  • 2005-2009 E60/E61 530i, 530xi
  • 2009-2015 F01 730i
  • 2008-2011 E89 Z4 sDrive30i
  • 2009-2011 E84 X1 xDrive28i
  • 2009-2012 E87 130i
  • 2010-2011 F25 X3 28i

195 kW (261 bhp) Applications:

200 kW (268 bhp) Applications:[25]

N51B30

The N51 engine is a SULEV version of the N52 that was sold in parts of the United States that had SULEV legislation.[26] Differences to the N52 versions include a variable-length intake manifold ("DISA") with three stages instead of one, and a compression ratio lowered from 10.7:1 to 10.0:1.[27]

Lifter noise

There are several reports of ticking/rattling noises which have been caused by the hydraulic valve adjusters (also known as lifters or tappets).[28] This noise can be caused by insufficient oil pressure to lubricate the lifters.[29]

BMW's procedure for noisy lifters on the N52 is to first bleed the lifters by holding the engine at higher revs for up to 30 minutes. If this is unsuccessful, the lifters for the exhaust camshaft are replaced with an updated design. If this is also unsuccessful, the cylinder head is replaced with an updated design (which was fitted to engines produced since December 2008) that does not bleed oil pressure.[28][29][30]

Recalls

In 2017, BMW recalled 740,000 six-cylinder models (328i, 525i), due to reports of the heater for the crankcase ventilation valve short-circuiting and causing a fire.[31]

See also

References

  1. ^ "BMW Pushes Lightweight Technology with Magnesium". www.worldcarfans.com. Archived from the original on 10 February 2009. Retrieved 28 October 2017.
  2. ^ "10 Best Engines 2006". www.wardsauto.com. Retrieved 21 October 2017.
  3. ^ "Ward's 10 Best Engines 2007". www.wardsauto.com. Archived from the original on 22 October 2017. Retrieved 21 October 2017.
  4. ^ "Ward's Auto releases annual 10 Best Engines list". autoblog.com.
  5. ^ "BMW's N52 versus N53 – what are we missing?". paultan.org.
  6. ^ "BMW N20 turbo 4 cylinder versus N52 naturally aspirated 6 cylinder". bimmerboost.com.
  7. ^ "BMW N52 and N53 24 Valve Six Cylinder Engines". unixnerd.demon.co.uk.
  8. ^ "2007 BMW 525xi". conceptcarz.com.
  9. ^ "www.worldcarfans.com". BMW's New Six-Cylinder Engines - In Depth. Archived from the original on 9 February 2009.
  10. ^ https://bmwtuning.co/bmw-n52-engine-problems/
  11. ^ a b c "Inside the N52 Engine". mwerks.com.
  12. ^ "TMS1764947 - N52 330 Intake Manifold & Software Upgrade". www.turnermotorsport.com. Retrieved 22 October 2017.
  13. ^ "Genuine BMW - 11617559523KT2 Intake Manifold Upgrade Kit". www.ecstuning.com. Retrieved 22 October 2017.
  14. ^ "BMW N52B30 Engine". www.mywikimotors.com. Retrieved 22 October 2017.
  15. ^ "BMW Pushes Lightweight Technology with Magnesium". www.motor1.com. Archived from the original on 29 May 2016.
  16. ^ "Nikasil Cylinders". www.looking4spares.co.za. Retrieved 22 October 2017.
  17. ^ http://mywikimotors.com/n52b30/
  18. ^ "Engine specifications- N52". bmwheaven.com.
  19. ^ "5'E60 523i". www.realoem.com. Retrieved 27 October 2017.
  20. ^ "2007 BMW Z4". conceptcarz.com.
  21. ^ "2009 BMW 1 Series - Features & Specs". edmunds.com.
  22. ^ "2011 BMW 528i - Short Take Road Test". caranddriver.com.
  23. ^ "Test Drive: 2011 BMW 528i". autos.ca.
  24. ^ "Model selection: F'01 LCI - sedan - 730i". www.realoem.com. Retrieved 7 May 2019.
  25. ^ "2007 BMW 3-series E90 Sedan RWD (2WD) range full specs". www.automobile-catalog.com. Retrieved 30 May 2018.
  26. ^ "How Do I Know if I Have an N51 or N52 BMW 6-Cylinder Engine?". www.bavauto.com. Retrieved 17 August 2019.
  27. ^ "BMW N51 vs N52 Engine Differences". www.tuningforbmws.com. Archived from the original on 16 August 2018. Retrieved 17 August 2019. Note: Web page still active, but image links are broken in the current version
  28. ^ a b "BMW E90 valve train (lifter) tick/noise". www.rtsauto.com. Retrieved 28 October 2017.
  29. ^ a b "BMW N52 6 Cylinder Engine Tappet Noise". www.bavauto.com. Retrieved 27 October 2017.
  30. ^ "N52 Lifter Tick Causes and Solutions". www.ultimatebimmerservice.com. Retrieved 27 October 2017.
  31. ^ Caron, Christina. "BMW Recalls Roughly a Million Vehicles at Risk of Catching Fire". New York Times. Retrieved 13 August 2018.
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