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Bairagi Brahmin (caste)

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This article is about the Bairagi caste. For Hindustani classical raga, see Bairagi (raga).
Not to be confused with the Celibate Ascetics (Vairagi).

Bairagi
Swami • Vaishnav • Mahant
A Portrait of Bairagi Mahant
(Tilak of Ramanandi Sampradaya on his body)
Kuladevta (male)Shri Ram • Krishan • Hanuman • (Avatars of Vishnu)
Kuladevi (female)Sita • Radha• Laxmi • (Avtars of Durga)
GuruRamananda • Nimbarka • Vallabha • Madhva
NishanKapidhwaj (Hanuman on Flag)
Religions Hinduism
LanguagesHindi • Rajasthani • Gujrati • Bengali • Marathi • Brij
CountryIndia • Nepal
Populated statesMadhya Pradesh • Rajasthan • Maharastra • Gujarat • Chhattisgarh • Uttar Pradesh • West Bengal
Feudal titleMahant/Swami
ColorBhagwa
Historical groupingSampradaya
StatusMonasterial Community

Bairagi Brahmin is a Hindu caste. They are also called Bairagi Vaishnav Brahmin, having different names that are Swami, Mahant, Vaishnav, Vairagi, Ramanandi, Shami, Baragi, Vaishnav Brahmin, Pujari. They are Vaishnav, and wear the sacred thread. Bairagi caste is one from the high castes of Bengal – Brahmin, Rajput, Chatri, Grahacarya Brahmin, Vaidya.[1] Miller places them as a high caste group between Brahmins, and the Rajputs, Jats, and Gujars. Miller Says that Bairagis from the Brahmin varna.[2] Senugupta describes them as a High caste group.[3] William Pinch believes that the Bairagi branch of Vaishnavas is the result of the Galta conference of 17th Century.[4]

According to Mayer, the Bairagis were one of a few sectarian castes which accepted admissions from higher castes. He states that they Bairagis had a worldly and celibate branches of the caste. He states they were considered of equal status with Brahmins, Rajputs, and Jat.[5]

  • An illustration of Bairagi Brahmin
    An illustration of Bairagi Brahmin
  • Mahant Gobind Das Bairagi in Aligarh (Uttar Pradesh) c. 1868.
    Mahant Gobind Das Bairagi in Aligarh (Uttar Pradesh) c. 1868.
  • Bairagi Mahants in Delhi c. 1859.
    Bairagi Mahants in Delhi c. 1859.
  • Bairagi Brahmins of Delhi, c. 1855.
    Bairagi Brahmins of Delhi, c. 1855.
  • Mahant Gopal Das Bairagi Under Banyan tree near Hanuman Temple (1867).
    Mahant Gopal Das Bairagi Under Banyan tree near Hanuman Temple (1867).

Dynasties

Nandgaon

The first ruler Mahant Ghasi Das of Nandgaon State, was recognized as a feudal chief by the British government in 1865 and was granted a sanad of adoption. Later the British conferred the title of raja on the ruling mahant.[6][7]

Raja Mahant Digvijay Das of Nandgaon State.

Chhuikhadan

The chiefs of Chhuikhadan State were originally under the Bhonsles of Nagpur, the first Chief being Mahant Rup Das in 1750. However, after defeat of Marathas, they were recognized by British as feudatory chiefs in 1865 conferring the title and sanad to Mahant Laxman Das.[8]

Akharas

There are three prominent Bairagi (Vaishnav) Akharas:[9][10]

Hanuman Garhi Temple, a major site of Ramanandi Bairagis in Ayodhya, Uttar Pradesh.

Mahabharat

The Mahabharata says that once, after Babruvahana dug a dry pond, a Bairagi Brahmin reached the centre of pond and instantly water came out of the pond with a thunderous noise.[12]

Notable personalities

Swami Nimbarkacaharya's idol at Ukhra Mahanta Asthal (West Bengal).
Veer Banda Bairagi's idol at Birla Mandir, Delhi.

Spiritual

Rulers

Politics

Revolutionaries (freedom fighters)

Poet and writer

Others

References

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