Dodoma
Dodoma | |
|---|---|
| Country |  Tanzania |
| Region | Dodoma |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Francis Mazanda |
| Area | |
| • Land | 2,576 km2 (995 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 1,120 m (3,670 ft) |
| Population (2012 census[1]) | |
• Total | 410,956 |
| Climate | BSh |
Dodoma (literally "It has sunk" in Gogo), officially Dodoma Urban District, is the national capital of Tanzania[2] and the capital of Dodoma Region, with a population of 410,956.[1]
Geography
Located at 6°10′23″S 35°44′31″E / 6.17306°S 35.74194°E, in the center of the country, the town is 453 kilometres (281 mi) west of the former capital at Dar es Salaam and 441 kilometres (274 mi) south of Arusha, the headquarters of the East African Community. It is also 259 kilometres (161 miles) north of Iringa through Mtera. It covers an area of 2,669 square kilometres (1,031 sq mi) of which 625 square kilometres (241 sq mi) is urbanized.
Demographics
Out of the total population, 199,487 people (48.5 percent) are male while 211,469 people (51.5 percent) are female. The average household size is 4.4 people.[1] The Roman Catholic Church reports that 19.2% of the population are Roman Catholics.[3] Dodoma is populated by different ethnic groups because it is a government administrative centre, although the indigenous ethnic groups are the Gogo, Rangi, and Sandawe. There are also small Indian minorities.[citation needed]
History
Dodoma was founded in 1907 by German colonists during construction of the Tanzanian central railway. In 1973, the Tanzanian government announced that the capital would be moved from Dar es Salaam to a more central location to better serve the needs of the people. Dodoma was selected for this purpose, as it was an already established town at a major crossroads with an agreeable climate, impressive landscape, and room for development.[4]
American architect James Rossant developed a master plan for the new capital in 1986, sponsored by the United Nations.[5] Designed under the direction of Julius Nyerere, the location of Dodoma hoped to divorce itself from Dar es Salaam, a city with a legacy of segregation and slavery. The city, designed over 2,500 acres (1,000 hectares), was meant to be "the chief village in a nation of villages," built at a human scale meant to be experienced on foot.[6] However, most of the initial design never came to fruition, and government officials were skeptical in moving offices to Dodoma. As a result, many government offices remain in Dar es Salaam, which remains the commercial capital,[7] while Tanzania's National Assembly moved there in February 1996.
Infrastructure
A major highway connects Dodoma with Dar es Salaam via the Morogoro region in the east. To the west, there are roads to Mwanza and Kigoma going through Tabora. The Great North Road links the city with Arusha to the north, via Kondoa. The city is also served by the Central railway line which connects it over a distance of 465 kilometres (289 mi) with Dar es Salaam in the east. The city's airport, Dodoma Airport is managed by the Tanzania Civil Aviation Authority; the size of planes is limited to small aircraft. There are plans to build a new airport outside the city with increased runway length and weight-bearing capacity. Dodoma municipal authority is also responsible for the upkeep of the nearby Hombolo Dam.
Climate
Dodoma features a semi-arid climate with relatively warm temperatures throughout the year. While average highs are somewhat consistent throughout the year, average lows dip to 13 °C (55.4 °F) in July. Dodoma averages 570 mm of precipitation per year, the bulk of which occurs during its wet season between November and April. The remainder of the year comprises the city’s dry season.
| Climate data for Dodoma (1971–2000) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 35.3 (95.5) |
36.0 (96.8) |
33.5 (92.3) |
32.7 (90.9) |
32.9 (91.2) |
31.7 (89.1) |
31.1 (88.0) |
34.1 (93.4) |
33.8 (92.8) |
36.1 (97.0) |
36.0 (96.8) |
36.4 (97.5) |
36.4 (97.5) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 29.4 (84.9) |
29.4 (84.9) |
29.0 (84.2) |
28.7 (83.7) |
28.0 (82.4) |
27.1 (80.8) |
26.5 (79.7) |
27.3 (81.1) |
29.0 (84.2) |
30.5 (86.9) |
30.1 (86.2) |
30.4 (86.7) |
28.8 (83.8) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 18.6 (65.5) |
18.6 (65.5) |
18.3 (64.9) |
17.9 (64.2) |
16.5 (61.7) |
14.4 (57.9) |
13.6 (56.5) |
14.2 (57.6) |
15.3 (59.5) |
16.9 (62.4) |
18.3 (64.9) |
18.8 (65.8) |
16.8 (62.2) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 15.7 (60.3) |
16.2 (61.2) |
14.9 (58.8) |
14.9 (58.8) |
10.3 (50.5) |
8.9 (48.0) |
7.6 (45.7) |
9.3 (48.7) |
11.1 (52.0) |
13.0 (55.4) |
14.4 (57.9) |
14.4 (57.9) |
7.6 (45.7) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 133.7 (5.26) |
144.5 (5.69) |
113.9 (4.48) |
57.8 (2.28) |
5.3 (0.21) |
0.1 (0.00) |
0.03 (0.00) |
0.01 (0.00) |
0.01 (0.00) |
2.08 (0.08) |
26.25 (1.03) |
123.28 (4.85) |
606.96 (23.90) |
| Average rainy days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 10 | 9 | 7 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 7 | 41 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 66 | 68 | 70 | 68 | 63 | 60 | 59 | 58 | 55 | 53 | 55 | 63 | 62 |
| Source 1: World Meteorological Organization[8] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: Deutscher Wetterdienst (extremes and humidity)[9] | |||||||||||||
Education
There are different universities in Dodoma by 2016, including: St Johns University of Tanzania [1], owned by the Anglican Church of Tanzania, and the University of Dodoma, famously UDOM, with about 35,000 students. Both universities officially opened in 2007. others include Mipango University and CBE.
The Anglican Church also owns the only international school in Dodoma: Canon Andrea Mwaka School [2]. CAMS, established in 1950, provides education to children from Nursery to Form 4. The education is based on the English teaching curriculum and the school offers students the opportunity to take the IGCSE examinations and curriculum in Forms three and Four, where the exam papers are set from London as well as marked there. An estimated 280 students are taught and a majority of teachers are well trained international volunteers.
Transport
Airport
The city can be reached by flights operated by Auric Air and Flightlink [10] at Dodoma Airport. The Central Rail Line goes through Dodoma CBD, there capital is also served by tarmacked roads.
Culture and Sport
The city is represented in the Tanzanian Premier League by football clubs Polisi Dodoma and JKT Ruvu Stars. Football is admired by most children and teenagers in Dodoma. Played on a regular basis, football is a hobby that is the favourite of most young boys in Dodoma. Interest in other sports (such as volleyball, basketball, and even rugby) is gradually increasing, but is still a distance away from the reputation football has achieved in the city.
Image Gallery
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Dodoma Train Station -
The Anglican Church in Dodoma -
Typical Shops in Dodoma -
Central Dodoma -
Dodoma Central Mosque -
Dodoma Airport
Twin towns - Sister cities
Dodoma is twinned with the following places:
Notes
- ^ a b c "2012 Tanzania Population and Housing Census". Retrieved 2014-03-12.
- ^ "Country Profile from the official website of Tanzanian government". Retrieved 2014-03-01.
- ^ Cheney, David M. "Dodoma (Archdiocese) [Catholic-Hierarchy]". Retrieved 22 August 2016.
- ^ Aloysius C. Mosha. "The planning of the new capital of Tanzania: Dodoma, an unfulfilled dream" (PDF). University of Botswana. Retrieved 2013-03-13.
- ^ "Dodoma, Tanzania". JamesRossant.com. Retrieved 18 July 2013.
- ^ Friedman, Andrew (2012-05-01). "The Global Postcolonial Moment and the American New Town India, Reston, Dodoma". Journal of Urban History. 38 (3): 553–576. doi:10.1177/0096144211428765. ISSN 0096-1442.
- ^ Callaci, Emily (2016-02-01). "'Chief village in a nation of villages': history, race and authority in Tanzania's Dodoma plan". Urban History. 43 (1): 96–116. doi:10.1017/S0963926814000753. ISSN 0963-9268.
- ^ "World Weather Information Service – Dodoma". World Meteorological Organization. Retrieved 22 May 2016.
- ^ "Klimatafel von Dodoma / Tansania" (PDF). Baseline climate means (1961-1990) from stations all over the world (in German). Deutscher Wetterdienst. Retrieved 22 May 2016.
- ^ "Auric Air". Auric Air Services Ltd. March 30, 2012. Retrieved March 30, 2012.
External links
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| Geographic | |
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