Draft:Sylheti calendar

The Sylheti solar calendar (Sylheti: ꠎꠟꠣꠟꠤꠚꠤꠞꠣ, romanized: zolalifira) is a solar calendar designed for use in the Indian region of Greater Sylhet by the Sylheti people. The New Year in the Sylheti calendar is known as Noyafira. It begins counting from two months after the arrival of Shah Jalal (Rh) in the land of Sylhet.

The calendar differs by 1303 years from the Gregorian calendar, marking the year of Hazrat Shah Jalal's arrival and settlement in the holy land of Sylhet.

History[edit]

The ancient inhabitants of Sylhet are believed to have used the old Hindu calendar in their daily life. While following the previous calendar system, In remembrance to the arrival of the great saint Shah Jalal (Rh), the count of the modern Sylheti calendar starts. According to historians, Shahjalal entered Sylhet in the month of Magh,^[1] and the count starts two months later in the month of Chaitra, following the new year in the old Hindu calendar. The word Zolali refers to 'related with ShahJalal (rh)' and the word Fira means 'year' in Sylheti, combination of both creates the word Zolalifira which means 'Jalalian Year'.

Months[edit]

The Sylheti calendar follows the ancient Hindu solar calendar, traditionally believed to have been used by the early inhabitants of Sylhet. The Sylheti calendar starts with the month of Chaitra.

Sylheti Name	Romanisation	Sanskrit Name	No. of Days
ꠌꠂꠔ	Soit	Caitra	31
ꠛꠂꠢꠣꠉ	Boihag	Vaiśākha	31
ꠎꠂꠑ	Zoiṭ	Jyeṣṭha	31
ꠀꠠ	Aaar	Āṣāḍha	31
ꠢꠣꠅꠘ	Haon	Śrāvaṇa	31
ꠜꠣꠖ	Bado	Bhādrapada	31
ꠀꠁꠘ	Aiin	Aśvina	30
ꠇꠣꠔꠤ	Xati	Kārtika	30
ꠀꠉꠘ	Agon	Agrahayana	30
ꠙꠥ	Fu	Pauśa	30
ꠝꠣꠊ	Mag	Māgha	30
ꠚꠣꠟꠉꠥꠘ	Falgun	Phālguna	29/30

Leap year[edit]

In a leap year, which is the ending Sylheti year in the new year of the Gregorian calendar, the last month of the Sylheti Calendar, called 'Falgun', includes an additional day, making it the 30th day.

Days[edit]

The Sylheti calendar incorporates the seven-day week following the Navagraha concept.

Sylheti Name	Romanisation	Connected body	Day	Sanskrit Name
ꠞꠁꠛꠣꠞ	Roibar	Sun	Sunday	Ravivāsara
ꠡꠝꠛꠣꠞ	Shombar	Moon	Monday	Somavāsara
ꠝꠋꠉꠟꠛꠣꠞ	Moňgolbar	Mars	Tuesday	Maṅgalavāsara
ꠛꠥꠗꠛꠣꠞ	Budbar	Mercury	Wednesday	Budhavāsara
ꠛꠤꠡꠔꠛꠣꠞ	bishotbar	Jupiter	Thursday	Brhaspativāsara
ꠡꠥꠇꠥꠞꠛꠣꠞ	Shukurbar	Venus	Friday	Śukravāsara
ꠡꠘꠤꠛꠣꠞ	Shonibar	Saturn	Saturday	Śanivāsara

A day[edit]

According to traditional beliefs and practices, the day begins with the first part called Xalainji. While every part contains 3 hours, the Sylheti parts of the day are:

Sylheti Name	Romanisation	Approximate time	English Name	Sanskrit Name
ꠇꠣꠟꠣꠁꠘ꠆ꠎꠤ	Xalainji	5 am - 8 am	Dawn	Prabhata
ꠛꠤꠀꠘ	Biyan	8 am - 11 am	Morning	Purbanha
ꠝꠣꠖꠣꠘ	Madan	11 am - 2 pm	Noon	Madhyanha
ꠛꠤꠀꠟ	Biyal	2 pm - 5 pm	Afternoon	Aparanha
ꠢꠣꠁꠘ꠆ꠎꠣ	Hainja	5 pm - 8 pm	Evening	Sayanha
ꠞꠣꠁꠔ	Rait	8 pm - 11 pm	Night	Pradosha
ꠘꠤ or ꠀꠗꠣꠞꠣꠁꠔ	Nii or Adarait	11 pm - 2 am	Midnight	Nishitha
ꠙꠔꠣ	Fota	2 am - 5 am	Pre-Dawn	Pratyusha

References[edit]

^ Eaton, Richard M. (24 January 1993). The Rise of Islam and the Bengal Frontier, 1204-1760. University of California Press. p. 76. ISBN 9780520205079.

[1] Eaton, Richard M. (24 January 1993). The Rise of Islam and the Bengal Frontier, 1204-1760. University of California Press. p. 76. ISBN 9780520205079.

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