Hujjat al-Islam
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Hujjat al-Islam (from Arabic: حجة الإسلام
ḥujjatu l-Islām) (also Hojatoleslam) is an honorific title meaning "authority on Islam" or "proof of Islam".
In Twelver Shī‘ah the title has been given to numerous clerics, somewhat depreciating the status of the title amongst the Shia.[1] It was originally applied only to leading mujtahids, but from about the start of the 19th century came to be used by all clerics following the creation of the title Ayatollah for top Twelver mujtahids.
The title Hujjatu l-Islām wa l-Muslimīn ("Authority on Islam and Muslims) is given to middle-ranking clerics.
Education
Hawza students start their studies learning fiqh, kalam, hadith, tafsir, philosophy and Arabic literature. After mastering these levels they are given the Hojatoleslam title, and can start becoming mujtahid by studying advanced textbooks known as satḥ, and research courses known as kharij.
List of notable Hojatoleslams
- Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani
- Abdollah Noori
- Abdolvahed Mousavi-Lari
- Al-Ghazali
- Ali Akbar Mohtashami-Pur
- Ali Akbar Nategh Nouri
- Ali Fallahian
- Ali Younesi
- Esmail Shooshtari
- Gholam Hossein Mohseni-Ejehei
- Hassan Nasrallah
- Hassan Rowhani
- Majead Ansari
- Mehdi Karroubi
- Mohammad Javad Bahonar
- Mohammad Khatami
- Mohammad-Ali Shahidi
- Mohsen Kadivar
- Mostafa Pour-Mohammadi
- Mohammad Reyshahri
- Muqtada al-Sadr
- Nusrat Amin Khanum
- Sayed Mohammed Naqvi
- Sayyid Muhammad Rizvi
- Seyyed Mohammad Ali Abtahi
- Yasser Al-Habib
See also
References
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