Isotopes of holmium
Appearance
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Standard atomic weight Ar°(Ho) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Natural holmium (67Ho) contains one stable isotope, 165Ho. A number of synthetic radioactive isotopes are known, the most stable one is 163Ho, with a half-life of 4,570 years. All other radioisotopes have half-lives not greater than 1.117 days in their ground states (although the metastable 166mHo has a half-life of about 1,200 years), and most have half-lives under 3 hours.
List of isotopes
nuclide symbol |
Z(p) | N(n) | isotopic mass (u) |
half-life | decay mode(s)[4][n 1] |
daughter isotope(s)[n 2] |
nuclear spin |
representative isotopic composition (mole fraction) |
range of natural variation (mole fraction) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
excitation energy | |||||||||
140Ho | 67 | 73 | 139.96854(54)# | 6(3) ms | 8+# | ||||
141Ho | 67 | 74 | 140.96310(54)# | 4.1(3) ms | (7/2−) | ||||
141mHo | 66(2) keV | 6.4(8) µs | (1/2+) | ||||||
142Ho | 67 | 75 | 141.95977(54)# | 400(100) ms | β+ | 142Dy | (6 to 9) | ||
p | 141Dy | ||||||||
143Ho | 67 | 76 | 142.95461(43)# | 300# ms [>200 ns] |
β+ | 143Dy | 11/2−# | ||
144Ho | 67 | 77 | 143.95148(32)# | 0.7(1) s | β+ | 144Dy | |||
β+, p | 143Tb | ||||||||
145Ho | 67 | 78 | 144.94720(32)# | 2.4(1) s | β+ | 145Dy | (11/2−) | ||
145mHo | 100(100)# keV | 100# ms | 5/2+# | ||||||
146Ho | 67 | 79 | 145.94464(21)# | 3.6(3) s | β+ | 146Dy | (10+) | ||
β+, p (rare) | 145Tb | ||||||||
147Ho | 67 | 80 | 146.94006(3) | 5.8(4) s | β+ | 147Dy | (11/2−) | ||
β+, p (rare) | 146Tb | ||||||||
148Ho | 67 | 81 | 147.93772(14) | 2.2(11) s | β+ | 148Dy | (1+) | ||
148m1Ho | 400(100)# keV | 9.49(12) s | β+ (99.92%) | 148Dy | (6)− | ||||
β+, p (.08%) | 147Tb | ||||||||
148m2Ho | 690(100)# keV | 2.35(4) ms | (10+) | ||||||
149Ho | 67 | 82 | 148.933775(20) | 21.1(2) s | β+ | 149Dy | (11/2−) | ||
149m1Ho | 48.80(20) keV | 56(3) s | β+ | 149Dy | (1/2+) | ||||
149m2Ho | 7200(350) keV | >=100 ns | |||||||
150Ho | 67 | 83 | 149.933496(15) | 76.8(18) s | β+ | 150Dy | 2− | ||
150m1Ho | -10(50) keV | 23.3(3) s | β+ | 150Dy | (9)+ | ||||
150m2Ho | ~8000 keV | 751 ns | |||||||
151Ho | 67 | 84 | 150.931688(13) | 35.2(1) s | β+ (78%) | 151Dy | 11/2(−) | ||
α (22%) | 147Tb | ||||||||
151mHo | 41.0(2) keV | 47.2(10) s | α (77%) | 147Tb | 1/2(+) | ||||
β+ (22%) | 151Dy | ||||||||
152Ho | 67 | 85 | 151.931714(15) | 161.8(3) s | β+ (88%) | 152Dy | 2− | ||
α (12%) | 148Tb | ||||||||
152m1Ho | 160(1) keV | 50.0(4) s | 9+ | ||||||
152m2Ho | 3019.59(19) keV | 8.4(3) µs | 19− | ||||||
153Ho | 67 | 86 | 152.930199(6) | 2.01(3) min | β+ (99.94%) | 153Dy | 11/2− | ||
α (.05%) | 149Tb | ||||||||
153m1Ho | 68.7(3) keV | 9.3(5) min | β+ (99.82%) | 153Dy | 1/2+ | ||||
α (.18%) | 149Tb | ||||||||
153m2Ho | 2772 keV | 229(2) ns | (31/2+) | ||||||
154Ho | 67 | 87 | 153.930602(9) | 11.76(19) min | β+ (99.98%) | 154Dy | 2− | ||
α (.02%) | 150Tb | ||||||||
154mHo | 238(30) keV | 3.10(14) min | β+ (99.99%) | 154Dy | 8+ | ||||
α (.001%) | 150Tb | ||||||||
IT (rare) | 154Ho | ||||||||
155Ho | 67 | 88 | 154.929103(19) | 48(1) min | β+ | 155Dy | 5/2+ | ||
155mHo | 141.97(11) keV | 880(80) µs | 11/2− | ||||||
156Ho | 67 | 89 | 155.92984(5) | 56(1) min | β+ | 156Dy | 4− | ||
156m1Ho | 100(50)# keV | 7.8(3) min | β+ | 156Dy | (9+) | ||||
IT | 156Ho | ||||||||
156m2Ho | 52.4(5) keV | 9.5(15) s | 1− | ||||||
157Ho | 67 | 90 | 156.928256(26) | 12.6(2) min | β+ | 157Dy | 7/2− | ||
158Ho | 67 | 91 | 157.928941(29) | 11.3(4) min | β+ (93%) | 158Dy | 5+ | ||
α (7%) | 154Tb | ||||||||
158m1Ho | 67.200(10) keV | 28(2) min | IT (81%) | 158Ho | 2− | ||||
β+ (19%) | 158Dy | ||||||||
158m2Ho | 180(70)# keV | 21.3(23) min | (9+) | ||||||
159Ho | 67 | 92 | 158.927712(4) | 33.05(11) min | β+ | 159Dy | 7/2− | ||
159mHo | 205.91(5) keV | 8.30(8) s | IT | 159Ho | 1/2+ | ||||
160Ho | 67 | 93 | 159.928729(16) | 25.6(3) min | β+ | 160Dy | 5+ | ||
160m1Ho | 59.98(3) keV | 5.02(5) h | IT (65%) | 160Ho | 2− | ||||
β+ (35%) | 160Dy | ||||||||
160m2Ho | 197(16) keV | 3 s | (9+) | ||||||
161Ho | 67 | 94 | 160.927855(3) | 2.48(5) h | EC | 161Dy | 7/2− | ||
161mHo | 211.16(3) keV | 6.76(7) s | IT | 161Ho | 1/2+ | ||||
162Ho | 67 | 95 | 161.929096(4) | 15.0(10) min | β+ | 162Dy | 1+ | ||
162mHo | 106(7) keV | 67.0(7) min | IT (62%) | 162Ho | 6− | ||||
β+ (38%) | 162Dy | ||||||||
163Ho | 67 | 96 | 162.9287339(27) | 4570(25) y | EC | 163Dy | 7/2− | ||
163mHo | 297.88(7) keV | 1.09(3) s | IT | 163Ho | 1/2+ | ||||
164Ho | 67 | 97 | 163.9302335(30) | 29(1) min | EC (60%) | 164Dy | 1+ | ||
β− (40%) | 164Er | ||||||||
164mHo | 139.77(8) keV | 38.0(10) min [37.5(+15−5) min] |
IT | 164Ho | 6− | ||||
165Ho | 67 | 98 | 164.9303221(27) | Observationally Stable[n 3] | 7/2− | 1.0000 | |||
166Ho | 67 | 99 | 165.9322842(27) | 26.83(2) h | β− | 166Er | 0− | ||
166m1Ho | 5.985(18) keV | 1,200(180) y | β− | 166Er | (7)− | ||||
166m2Ho | 190.9052(20) keV | 185(15) µs | 3+ | ||||||
167Ho | 67 | 100 | 166.933133(6) | 3.003(18) h | β− | 167Er | 7/2− | ||
167mHo | 259.34(11) keV | 6.0(10) µs | 3/2+ | ||||||
168Ho | 67 | 101 | 167.93552(3) | 2.99(7) min | β− | 168Er | 3+ | ||
168m1Ho | 59(1) keV | 132(4) s | IT (99.5%) | 168Ho | (6+) | ||||
β− (.5%) | 168Er | ||||||||
168m2Ho | 143.4(2) keV | >4 µs | (1)− | ||||||
168m3Ho | 192.6(2) keV | 108(11) ns | 1+ | ||||||
169Ho | 67 | 102 | 168.936872(22) | 4.72(10) min | β− | 169Er | 7/2− | ||
170Ho | 67 | 103 | 169.93962(5) | 2.76(5) min | β− | 170Er | 6+# | ||
170mHo | 120(70) keV | 43(2) s | β− | 170Er | (1+) | ||||
171Ho | 67 | 104 | 170.94147(64) | 53(2) s | β− | 171Er | 7/2−# | ||
172Ho | 67 | 105 | 171.94482(43)# | 25(3) s | β− | 172Er | |||
173Ho | 67 | 106 | 172.94729(43)# | 10# s | β− | 173Er | 7/2−# | ||
174Ho | 67 | 107 | 173.95115(54)# | 8# s | |||||
175Ho | 67 | 108 | 174.95405(64)# | 5# s | 7/2−# |
- ^ Abbreviations:
EC: Electron capture
IT: Isomeric transition - ^ Bold for stable isotopes
- ^ Believed to undergo α decay to 161Tb
Notes
- Values marked # are not purely derived from experimental data, but at least partly from systematic trends. Spins with weak assignment arguments are enclosed in parentheses.
- Uncertainties are given in concise form in parentheses after the corresponding last digits. Uncertainty values denote one standard deviation, except isotopic composition and standard atomic mass from IUPAC, which use expanded uncertainties.
References
- ^ Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021). "The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 45 (3): 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.
- ^ "Standard Atomic Weights: Holmium". CIAAW. 2021.
- ^ Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.
- ^ "Universal Nuclide Chart". nucleonica.
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: Unknown parameter|registration=
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suggested) (help)
- Isotope masses from:
- G. Audi; A. H. Wapstra; C. Thibault; J. Blachot; O. Bersillon (2003). "The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties" (PDF). Nuclear Physics A. 729: 3–128. Bibcode:2003NuPhA.729....3A. doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2008-09-23.
{{cite journal}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help)
- G. Audi; A. H. Wapstra; C. Thibault; J. Blachot; O. Bersillon (2003). "The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties" (PDF). Nuclear Physics A. 729: 3–128. Bibcode:2003NuPhA.729....3A. doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2008-09-23.
- Isotopic compositions and standard atomic masses from:
- J. R. de Laeter; J. K. Böhlke; P. De Bièvre; H. Hidaka; H. S. Peiser; K. J. R. Rosman; P. D. P. Taylor (2003). "Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. 75 (6): 683–800. doi:10.1351/pac200375060683.
- M. E. Wieser (2006). "Atomic weights of the elements 2005 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. 78 (11): 2051–2066. doi:10.1351/pac200678112051.
{{cite journal}}
: Unknown parameter|laysummary=
ignored (help)
- Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from the following sources. See editing notes on this article's talk page.
- G. Audi; A. H. Wapstra; C. Thibault; J. Blachot; O. Bersillon (2003). "The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties" (PDF). Nuclear Physics A. 729: 3–128. Bibcode:2003NuPhA.729....3A. doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2008-09-23.
{{cite journal}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - National Nuclear Data Center. "NuDat 2.1 database". Brookhaven National Laboratory. Retrieved 23 February 2017.
- N. E. Holden (2004). "Table of the Isotopes". In D. R. Lide (ed.). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (85th ed.). CRC Press. Section 11. ISBN 978-0-8493-0485-9.
{{cite book}}
: Unknown parameter|nopp=
ignored (|no-pp=
suggested) (help)
- G. Audi; A. H. Wapstra; C. Thibault; J. Blachot; O. Bersillon (2003). "The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties" (PDF). Nuclear Physics A. 729: 3–128. Bibcode:2003NuPhA.729....3A. doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2008-09-23.