Iwerne Courtney
Iwerne Courtney
| |
|---|---|
 Iwerne Courtney | |
| Population | 410 [1] |
| OS grid reference | ST859125 |
| Civil parish |
|
| District | |
| Shire county | |
| Region | |
| Country | England |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Post town | Blandford Forum |
| Postcode district | DT11 |
| Dialling code | 01258 |
| Police | Dorset |
| Fire | Dorset and Wiltshire |
| Ambulance | South Western |
| UK Parliament | |
Iwerne Courtney, also known as Shroton, is a village and civil parish in the English county of Dorset. It lies within the North Dorset administrative district, approximately 4 miles (6 km) north-west of the town of Blandford Forum. It is sited by the small River Iwerne between Hambledon Hill to the south-west and the hills of Cranborne Chase to the east. In 2001 the parish had 187 households and a population of 400.[2] In 2013 the estimated population of the parish was 410.[1]
Toponymy
The names Iwerne Courtney and Shroton both have long histories. Iwerne ( /ˈjuːɜːrn/) is a Celtic rivername that perhaps refers to a goddess or may mean "yew-river".[3] The village was recorded as Ywern in 877 AD,[3] and in 1086 in the Domesday Book it was Werne.[4] The addition of Courtney is a result of land by the Iwerne stream being owned in the 13th century by the Courtenay family, the Earls of Devon.[3][5]
The name Shroton derives from the Old English scīr-rēfa and tūn, meaning "sheriff's estate"[3] or "sheriff's town",[6] and its use is due to the lord and tenant-in-chief at the time of Domesday being Baldwin of Exeter, the sheriff of Devon.[7][8] In 1403 the name was recorded as Shyrevton.[3]
The name Shroton is preferred locally; in his 1980 book Dorset Villages, Roland Gant stated that "I have heard only visitors to Dorset call it Iwerne Courtney".[5]
History
At the time of the Domesday Book, Iwerne Courtney had 17 households and was in the hundred of Gillingham. It had 2 mills, 30 acres (12 ha) of meadow, 8 ploughlands, and its value to the lord of the manor was £10.[8]
In 1261 the village received a grant from Henry the Third, enabling it to hold two annual fairs and a weekly market.[6] The autumn "Shroton Fair" used to be "one of the main Dorset events of the year".[5] It is mentioned in Owens book of fairs (1788), under the name Shroton. In 1965 Dorset-born broadcaster Ralph Wightman wrote of the fair that "For many years time was dated in this part of Dorset by Shroton Fair. Old men recalled events by the number of months they had happened before or after this event."[9] However the fair has now "vanished without a trace".[9]
The civil parish of the village was formed by the joining of three settlements: Iwerne Courtney in the centre, Farrington to the northwest and Ranston immediately east of the river. Each settlement had its own open field system. Farrington now consists of a few farms, and at Ranston only the manor house remains.[10][11]
Geography
Iwerne Courtney civil parish covers nearly 2,000 acres (810 ha) in an L-shaped area on either side of the River Iwerne. To the east it extends over the chalk hills of Cranborne Chase, reaching an elevation of over 165 metres (541 ft). To the west it extends northwest over greensand, gault and Kimmeridge clay at an altitude of about 48 to 80 metres (157 to 262 ft), although in the southwest it rises to over 190 metres (620 ft) on the slopes of Hambledon Hill, an outlier of the chalk.[10][11]
References
- ^ a b "Parish Population Data". Dorset County Council. 20 January 2015. Retrieved 22 January 2015.
- ^ "Parish Headcounts". Neighbourhood Statistics. Office for National Statistics. 28 April 2004. Retrieved 28 December 2014.
- ^ a b c d e David Mills, ed. (2011). A Dictionary of British Place Names. Oxford University Press. pp. 259–260. ISBN 978-0-19-960908-6.
- ^ "Dorset H-R". The Domesday Book Online. domesdaybook.co.uk. Retrieved 19 February 2015.
- ^ a b c Gant, Roland (1980). Dorset Villages. Robert Hale Ltd. p. 47. ISBN 0-7091-8135-3.
- ^ a b North Dorset District Council, Official District Guide, Home Publishing Co. Ltd., c.1983, p36
- ^ "Iwerne Courtney". Dorset OPC Project. Retrieved 19 February 2015.
- ^ a b "Place: Iwerne (Courtney)". Open Domesday. domesdaymap.co.uk. Retrieved 19 February 2015.
- ^ a b Wightman, Ralph (1983). Portrait of Dorset (4 ed.). Robert Hale Ltd. p. 134. ISBN 0-7090-0844-9.
- ^ a b "'Iwerne Courtney or Shroton', in An Inventory of the Historical Monuments in Dorset, Volume 3, Central (London, 1970), pp. 126-131". British History Online. University of London. Retrieved 19 February 2015.
- ^ a b Ordnance Survey (2013). 1:25,000 Explorer Map, Sheet 118 (Shaftesbury & Cranborne Chase). ISBN 978-0-319-24123-3
External links
Media related to Iwerne Courtney at Wikimedia Commons
