Joannicius III of Constantinople
Joannicius III Јоаникије III Ιωαννίκιος Γ΄ | |
|---|---|
| Archbishop of Constantinople and Ecumenical Patriarch | |
| Church | Church of Constantinople |
| Installed | 26 March 1761 |
| Term ended | 21 May 1763 |
| Predecessor | Serapheim II |
| Successor | Samuel I |
| Personal details | |
| Born | c. 1700 |
| Died | 1793 Monastery of Halki |
| Previous post(s) | Archbishop of Peć and Serbian Patriarch 1739–1746 Metropolitan of Chalcedon 1747-1761 |
Joannicius III (Greek: Ιωαννίκιος Γ΄, Serbian: Јоаникије III), born Ioannis Karatzas, was Archbishop of Peć and Serbian Patriarch from 1739 to 1746[1] and Archbishop of Constantinople and Ecumenical Patriarch from 1761 to 1763. The ordinal number of his title is III both for his office as Patriarch of Peć and of Constantinople.
Life
Joannicius was born circa 1700 from the influential Byzantine and Phanariote Karatzas (or Caradja) family.[2] He became a deacon serving Patriarch Paisius II and later he was appointed protosyncellus.[3]
With the 1739 Treaty of Belgrade which ended the Austro-Russian–Turkish War (1735–39), the Kingdom of Serbia ceased to exist. The Ottoman sultan deposed Serbian Patriarch Arsenije IV who sided with Hansburg Monarchy during the war, and in his place appointed the Greek Joannicius, who took the title of Archbishop of Peć and Serbian Patriarch. Among Serbs, Joannicius was known as "Јоаникије" (Joanikije). The previous Patriarch Arsenije IV moved to the Habsburg Monarchy along with many Serbs, in what is known as the Second Serbian Migration. Arsenije IV became Metropolitan of Karlovci, maintaining however deep connections with the Serbs who remained in the Ottoman Empire under the jurisdiction of Joannicius. Joannicius remained Serbian Patriarch until 1746, when, burdened with debts due to his high-living, he was forced to sell the title to pay his creditors.[3]
After returning to Constantinople, in September 1747 he obtained an appointment as Metropolitan of Chalcedon. On 26 March 1761 he was elected Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople, an office he maintained until 21 May 1763, when he was deposed and exiled to Mount Athos.[4]
Thanks to the support of his family, Joannicius returned from the exile and obtained the revenue from the monastery of the island of Halki near Constantinople, where he died in 1793.[3]
Notes
- ^ Народна енциклопедија (1927 г.)
- ^ Genealogical Tree of the Caradja Family
- ^ a b c R. Aubert (2000). "Joannikios III". Dictionnaire d'histoire et de géographie ecclésiastiques. Vol. 27. Paris: Letouzey et Ané. 1379-80. ISBN 2-7063-0210-0.
- ^ Kiminas, Demetrius (2009). The Ecumenical Patriarchate. Wildside Press LLC. p. 41. ISBN 978-1-4344-5876-6.
