Kasuga-taisha

Kasuga-taisha 春日大社
The middle gate and hall
Religion
Affiliation	Shinto
Deity	Takemikazuchi-o Futsunushi Ame no Koyane Himegami
Festival	Kasuga-no-matsuri (Kasuga-sai: 春日祭) (13th March)
Type	Twenty-Two Shrines Chokusaisha Beppyo jinja, Shikinaisya Former kanpeitaisha
Location
Location	160 Kasugano-chō, Nara-shi, Nara-ken
Shown within Japan
Geographic coordinates	34°40′53″N 135°50′54″E
Architecture
Style	Kasuga-zukuri
Date established	768
Website
www.kasugataisha.or.jp
Glossary of Shinto

Kasuga Grand Shrine (春日大社, Kasuga-taisha) is a Shinto shrine in the city of Nara, in Nara Prefecture, Japan. Established in 768 CE and rebuilt several times over the centuries, it is the shrine of the Fujiwara family. The interior is famous for its many bronze lanterns, as well as the many stone lanterns that lead up the shrine.

The architectural style Kasuga-zukuri takes its name from Kasuga Shrine's honden (sanctuary).

Kasuga Shrine, and the Kasugayama Primeval Forest near it, are registered as a UNESCO World Heritage Site as part of the "Historic Monuments of Ancient Nara".

The path to Kasuga Shrine passes through Deer Park. In Deer Park, deer are able to roam freely and are believed to be sacred messengers of the Shinto gods that inhabit the shrine and surrounding mountainous terrain. Kasuga Shrine and the deer have been featured in several paintings and works of art of the Nambokucho Period. Over three thousand stone lanterns line the way. The Man'yo Botanical Garden, Nara is adjacent to the shrine.

History

The shrine became the object of Imperial patronage during the early Heian period. In 965, Emperor Murakami ordered that Imperial messengers were sent to report important events to the guardian kami of Japan. These heihaku were initially presented to 16 shrines including the Kasuga Shrine.

From 1871 through 1946, Kasuga Shrine was officially designated one of the Kanpei-taisha (官幣大社), meaning that it stood in the first rank of government supported shrines.

Festivals

During the festivals of Setsubun Mantoro (February 2–4) and Obon Mantoro (August 14–15), thousands of shrine lanterns are all lit at once.

March 13 is the Kasuga Matsuri ("Monkey Festival"), which features gagaku and bugaku dance performances.

Kasugayama Primeval Forest

Kasugayama Primeval Forest is primeval forest of about 250 hectares (620 acres) near the summit of Kasugayama (498 metres (1,634 ft)), and contains 175 kinds of trees, 60 bird types, and 1,180 species of insects. In this area adjacent to Kasuga Grand Shrine, hunting and logging have been prohibited since CE 841. Because Kasugayama has long been tied to Kasuga Grand Shrine worship, it is regarded as a sacred hill. The forest backdrop of the Kasuga Grand Shrine's buildings today has been unchanged since the Nara period.

Images

• 
  Chakutoden
• 
  Kurumayadori
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  Minamimon
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  Sakadono
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  Heiden, Buden
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  Keishoden
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  A smaller enclave
• 
  Lanterns
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  Corridors in the shrine complex
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  Lanterns
• 
  Bronze lanterns
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  Bronze lanterns in Kasuga-taisha
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  Stone lantern leading up to shrine framing a Nara Park deer
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  Tying Omikuji at Kasuga Shrine
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  Path leading up to the shrine, braced by rows of stone lanterns
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  Kasuga stone lantern presented in 1997 to Nara sister city, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory
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  A "breast shrine" at the Kasuga Shrine walk decked with Ema plaques
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  Torii
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  Armour laced with red threads With bamboo, tiger, sparrow motif; nomination includes the helmet; said to have been dedicated by Minamoto no Yoshitsune; one of two similar armours at Kasuga-taisha 1185　Kamakura period Ō-yoroi
• 
  Hanging lanterns and Andons in the Setsubun Mantoro Festival
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  Hanging lanterns and Andons in the Setsubun Mantoro Festival. Andons, there are special prayers to the reconstruction and welfare for the victims of the Great East Japan earthquake and the 2011 flood disaster.
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  Hanging lantern designed a drooping wisteria in the Setsubun Mantoro Festival
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  "Sunazuri-no-Fuji", wisteria flowers drooping down to reach the sand on the ground
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  Monks in Kasuga-taisha
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  ema (wishes) in asuga-taisha shrine

See also

List of Shinto shrines

Twenty-Two Shrines

List of National Treasures of Japan (crafts-others)

List of National Treasures of Japan (crafts-swords)

List of National Treasures of Japan (shrines)

Deer (mythology)

Modern system of ranked Shinto Shrines

Kasuga Maru

List of Special Places of Scenic Beauty, Special Historic Sites and Special Natural Monuments

References

• Breen, John and Mark Teeuwen. (2000). Shinto in History: Ways of the Kami. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. ISBN 978-0-8248-2363-4
• Ponsonby-Fane, Richard. (1962). Studies in Shinto and Shrines. Kyoto: Ponsonby Memorial Society. OCLC 399449
• ____________. (1959). The Imperial House of Japan. Kyoto: Ponsonby Memorial Society. OCLC 194887
• ____________. (1964). Visiting Famous Shrines in Japan. Kyoto: Ponsonby-Fane Memorial Society. OCLC 1030156

External links

• Official site in Japanese
• Kasugataisha Shrine, from The Official Nara Travel Guide
• Mt. Kasuga Primeval Forest, from The Official Nara Travel Guide
• Japan Guide
• New York Public Library Digital Gallery, early photograph of entrance to Kasuga Shrine
• National Diet Library: photo, 1913
• National Archives of Japan: Kasugashinkozu, scroll showing annual festival at Nara Kasuga Grand Shrine (Edo period)