Khaling language
| Khaling | |
|---|---|
| खालिङ (khāliṅ) | |
| Native to | Nepal |
| Region | Solukhumbu and Khotang districts |
Native speakers | 15,000 in Nepal (2011 census)[1] unknown number in India[1] |
Sino-Tibetan
| |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | klr |
| Glottolog | khal1275 |
| ELP | Khaling |
Khaling is a Kiranti language spoken in Solukhumbu district, Nepal. It is one of the few Kiranti languages with tonal contrasts.
Khaling has a complex system of stem alternations: as many as 10 distinct stems have to be posited for a word (Jacques et al. 2012).
Khaling is very unusual in having an auditory demonstrative (see Jacques and Lahaussois 2014).
Geographical distribution
Khaling is spoken in the following VDC's of Nepal (Ethnologue).
- Solukhumbu District, Sagarmatha Zone: Kanku, Basa, Waku, Buksa, Jubing, and Phuleli villages
- Khotang District: Buipa and Kharmi villages
- Sankhuwasabha District, Kosi Zone: Tungkhaling village
- Sunsari District: Dharan
- Ilam District, Mechi Zone: Pang, Sumbek, and Mai Pokhari villages
References
- ^ a b Khaling at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
- Hale, Austin, editor. 1973. Collected papers on Khaling, Kulung, Darai, Newari, Chitwan Tharu. Nepal Studies in Linguistics, 1. Kirtipur: Summer Institute of Linguistics and Institute for Nepal and Asian Studies. vii, 87 p.
- Jacques, Guillaume, Aimée Lahaussois, Boyd Michailovsky, and Dhan Bahadur Rai. 2012. An overview of khaling verbal morphology. 'Language and linguistics' 13.6: 1095–1170. [1]
- Jacques, Guillaume; Lahaussois, Aimée (2014). "The auditory demonstrative in Khaling". Studies in Language. 38.2: 393–404.
- Jacques, Guillaume Khaling derivational morphology
- Toba, Sueyoshi and Ingrid Toba. 1972. Khaling phonemic summary. Tibeto-Burman Phonemic Summaries, 12. Kirtipur: Summer Institute of Linguistics and Institute of Nepal Studies, Tribhuvan University. 73 p.
- Toba, Ingrid. 1973. "The Khaling verb." Nepal Studies in Linguistics 1: 1-14.
- Toba, Sueyoshi and Ingrid Toba. 1975. A Khaling-English, English-Khaling glossary. Kathmandu: Summer Institute of Linguistics and Institute of Nepal and Asian Studies. xiii, 86 p.
- Toba, Ingrid. 1977. "Folk art and culture change as observed in a Khaling village." Kailash 5(1): 13-27.
- Toba, Sueyoshi. 1981. Khaling texts. Tokyo: Institute for the Study of Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa. 97 p.
- Toba, Sueyoshi. 1983. Khaling Texts. YAK 7. Tokyo: Institute for the Study of Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa
- Toba, Sueyoshi. 1984. Khaling. Tokyo: Institute for the Study of Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa
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