List of engineering branches: Difference between revisions
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| [[Environmental engineering]] |
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| The application of engineering to the improvement and protection of the environment |
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Revision as of 16:09, 6 September 2012
Engineering is the discipline, art, and profession that applies scientific theory to design, develop, and analyze technological solutions. In the contemporary era, engineering is generally considered to consist of the major basic branches of chemical engineering, civil engineering, electrical engineering and mechanical engineering.[1] There are numerous other engineering subdisciplines and interdisciplinary subjects that are derived from concentrations, combinations, or extensions of the major engineering branches.
Chemical engineering
Chemical engineering comprises the application of physical and biological sciences to the process of converting raw materials or chemicals into more useful or valuable forms.
Subdiscipline | Scope | - | Biomolecular engineering | Focuses on the manufacturing of biomolecules. |
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Materials engineering | Involves the properties of matter and its applications to engineering |
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Molecular engineering | Focuses on the manufacturing of molecules. | |||
Process engineering | Focuses on the design, operation, control, and optimization of chemical processes |
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Civil engineering
Civil engineering comprises the design, construction, and maintenance of the physical and natural built environments.
Subdiscipline | Scope | - | Environmental engineering | The application of engineering to the improvement and protection of the environment |
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Geotechnical engineering | Concerned with the behavior of geological materials at the site of a civil engineering project |
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Structural engineering | The engineering of structures that support or resist structural loads |
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Transport engineering | The use of engineering to ensure safe and efficient transportation of people and goods |
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Electrical engineering
Electrical engineering comprises the study and application of electricity, electronics and electromagnetism.
Subdiscipline | Scope | Major specialties |
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Computer engineering | The design and control of computing devices with the application of electrical systems |
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Electronic engineering | The design of circuits that use the electromagnetic properties of electrical components such as resistors, capacitors, inductors, diodes and transistors to achieve a particular functionality. |
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Optical engineering | The design of instruments and systems that utilize the properties of electromagnetic radiation. | |
Power engineering | The generation, transmission and distribution of electricity, and the design of devices such as transformers, electric generators, electric motors, high voltage engineering and power electronics. |
Mechanical engineering
Mechanical engineering comprises the design, analysis and usage of heat and mechanical power for the operation of machines and mechanical systems.
Subdiscipline | Scope | Major specialties |
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Acoustical engineering | Concerns the manipulation and control of vibration, especially vibration isolation and the reduction of unwanted sounds | |
Manufacturing engineering | Concerns dealing with different manufacturing practices and the research and development of systems, processes, machines, tools and equipment. | |
Thermal engineering | Concerns heating or cooling of processes, equipment, or enclosed environments | |
Vehicle engineering | The design, manufacture and operation of the systems and equipment that propel and control vehicles |
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Interdisciplinary and specialized fields
Discipline | Scope | Major specialties |
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Agricultural engineering | The application of engineering principles to agricultural fields such as farm power and machinery, biological material process, bioenergy, farm structures, and agricultural natural resources |
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Applied engineering | The field concerned with the application of management, design, and technical skills for the design and integration of systems, the execution of new product designs, the improvement of manufacturing processes, and the management and direction of physical and/or technical functions of a firm or organization. Applied Engineering degreed programs typically include instruction in basic engineering principles, project management, industrial processes, production and operations management, systems integration and control, quality control, and statistics.[2] |
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Biological engineering | The application of engineering principles to the fields of biology and medicine. |
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Building services engineering | Building services engineering, technical building services, architectural engineering, or building engineering is the engineering of the internal environment and environmental impact of a building. It essentially brings buildings and structures to life. |
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Energy engineering | Energy engineering is a broad field of engineering dealing with energy efficiency, energy services, facility management, plant engineering, environmental compliance and alternative energy technologies. Domain of Energy Engineering expertise combines selective subjects from the fields Chemical, Mechanical and Electrical Engineering. It is an interdisciplinary program which has relativity with electrical, mechanical and chemical engineering |
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Industrial engineering | The design and analysis of logistical and resource systems. |
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Mechatronics | A hybrid of mechanical and electrical engineering, Commonly intended to examine the design of automation systems. |
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Nanoengineering | The practice of engineering on the nanoscopic scale | |
Nuclear engineering | The application of nuclear processes to engineering | |
Petroleum engineering | The application of engineering principles to drilling for and producing crude oil and natural gas |
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See also
References
- ^ Julie Thompson Klein, Robert Frodeman, Carl Mitcham. The Oxford Handbook of Interdisciplinarity. Oxford University Press, 2010. (pp 149 - 150)
- ^ "ATMAE Membership Venn Diagram". atmae.org