List of professional designations in the United States
Accounting and finance
Actuarial
Architecture, interior design, landscape architecture and planning
Association, credentialing, and not-for-profit management
| Name | Post-nominal |
|---|---|
| Certified Association Executive | CAE |
| Advanced Certification Administrator | ACA |
| Basic Certification Administrator | BCA |
| Certified Fundraising Executive | CFRE |
| Certified Nonprofit Professional | CNP |
| Grants Professional Certified | GPC |
Broadcast engineering
| Name | Post-nominal |
|---|---|
| Certified Radio Operator | CRO |
| Certified Television Operator | CTO |
| Certified Broadcast Networking Technologist | CBNT |
| Certified Broadcast Technologist | CBT |
| Certified Audio Engineer | CEA |
| Certified Broadcast Television Engineer | CBTE |
| Certified Broadcast Networking Engineer | CBNE |
| Certified Senior Broadcast Radio Engineer | CSRE |
| Certified Senior Broadcast Television Engineer | CSTE |
| Certified Professional Broadcast Engineer | CPBE |
| Certified 8-VSB Specialist | 8-VSB |
| Certified AM Directional Specialist | AMD |
| Certified Digital Radio Broadcast Specialist | DRB |
| Certified Senior Broadcast Engineer | CSBE |
| Certified Radio and Television Broadcast Engineer | CBRTE |
| Certified Senior Radio and Television Broadcast Engineer | CSRTE |
Contract management
| Name | Post-nominal | Agency | Levels |
|---|---|---|---|
| Certified Commercial Contract Manager | CCCM | National Contract Management Association | N/A |
| Contract and Commercial Management Certification | CCM | International Association for Contract and Commercial Management | Associate, Practitioner, and Expert |
| Certified Federal Contract Manager | CFCM | National Contract Management Association | N/A |
| Certified Professional Contract Manager | CPCM | National Contract Management Association | N/A |
| Defense Acquisition Workforce Improvement Act Contracting Certification | DAWIA Contracting Certification | Defense Acquisition University | I, II, and III |
| Federal Acquisition Certification in Contracting | FAC-C | Federal Acquisition Institute | I, II, and III |
| Industry Certification in Contract Management - Defense | ICCM-D | National Contract Management Association | I, II, and III |
| Industry Certification in Contract Management - Federal | ICCM-F | National Contract Management Association | I, II, and III |
Economics
| Name | Post-nominal |
|---|---|
| Member of the International Association for Energy Economics | IAEE |
Emergency management
| Name | Post-nominal | Agency |
|---|---|---|
| Certified Emergency Manager | CEM | International Association of Emergency Managers |
| Associate Emergency Manager | AEM | International Association of Emergency Managers |
| Certified Floodplain Manager | CFM | Association of State Floodplain Managers[8] |
| Fellow of the Academy of Emergency Management | FAcEM | Emergency Management Academy[9] |
| Emergency Number Professional | ENP | National Emergency Number Association |
| Registered Public-Safety Leader | RPL | Association of Public-Safety Communications Officials-International |
Engineering and geological sciences
| Name | Post-nominal | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Professional Engineer | PE | |
| Structural Engineer | SE | |
| Structural Engineering Certification Board | SECB | |
| Engineer Intern | EI | |
| Engineer-in-Training | EIT | |
| National Institute For Certification In Engineering Technologies | NICET TECHNOLOGIST | |
| Certified Engineering Technician | CET | |
| Member of the National Academy of Engineering | MNAE | |
| Senior Member of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers | SMIEEE | |
| Senior Member of the Institute of Industrial Engineers | SIIE | |
| Certified Drafter | CD | |
| Professional Geologist | P.Geo. | In response to the 1997 Bre-X[10] scandal, most Canadian professional engineering associations were expanded to include professional certification for professional geologists.[11] |
| Geologist-in-Training | GIT |
Geospatial
| Name | Post-nominal |
|---|---|
| Certified Photogrammetrist | CP |
| Geographic Information Systems Professional | GISP |
Government
| Name | Post-nominal |
|---|---|
| Certified Municipal Clerk | CMC |
| Professional County Collector | PCC |
Hospitality, Tourism & Recreation
Human resources professions
| Name | Post-nominal |
|---|---|
| SHRM Certified Professional | SHRM-CP |
| SHRM Senior Certified Professional | SHRM-SCP |
| Certified Benefits Professional | CBP |
| Certified Compensation Professional | CCP |
| Global Remuneration Professional | GRP |
| Professional in Human Resources | PHR |
| Senior Professional in Human Resources | SPHR |
| Global Professional in Human Resources | GPHR |
| Certified Employee Benefits Specialist | CEBS |
| Group Benefits Associate | GBA |
| Compensation Management Specialist | CMS |
| Retirement Plans Associate | RPA |
IT industry
| Name | Post-nominal |
|---|---|
| Certified Computer Examiner | CCE |
| Certified Chief Information Security Officer | CCISO |
| Certified Ethical Hacker | CEH |
| Certified Forensic Computer Examiner | CFCE |
| Certified Information Systems Auditor | CISA |
| Certified Information Security Manager | CISM |
| Certified Information Systems Security Professional | CISSP |
| Certified Network Professional | CNP |
| Certified in Risk and Information Systems Control | CRISC |
| Certified Secure Computer User | CSCU |
| Certified Software Tester | CSTE |
| Cisco Certified Network Associate | CCNA |
| Cisco Certified Network Professional | CCNP |
| IT Infrastructure Library Certified | ITIL |
| Microsoft Certified Database Administrator | MCDBA |
| Microsoft Certified Systems Administrator | MCSA |
| Microsoft Certified Systems Engineer | MCSE |
| Microsoft Certified Professional | MCP |
| Microsoft Certified Trainer | MCT |
Law
| Name | Post-nominal | Agency |
|---|---|---|
| Juris Doctor | J.D. | Used by those who have earned their Juris Doctor degree either alone or in conjunction with other post-nominal letters. Its use by non-attorneys is not restricted. |
| Esquire | Esq. | Used by attorneys who have been admitted to the bar. Its use by non-attorneys may be restricted by state bar associations (see unauthorized practice of law) |
| Bachelor of Civil Law | BCL | Used by English-language universities for various degrees in law. Historically, it originated as a postgraduate degree in the universities of Oxford and Cambridge, but many universities now offer the BCL as an undergraduate degrees |
| Justice of the Peace | J.P.[12] | |
| Notary Public | N.P.[12] | |
| Board Certified Civil Trial Attorney | National Board of Legal Specialty Certification | |
| Board Certified Criminal Trial Attorney | National Board of Legal Specialty Certification | |
| Board Certified Family Law Attorney | National Board of Legal Specialty Certification | |
| Certified Legal Assistant | CLA | National Association of Legal Assistants |
| Certified Paralegal | CP | National Association of Legal Assistants |
| Advanced Certified Paralegal | ACP | National Association of Legal Assistants |
| Accredited Legal Professional | ALP | NALS (formerly the National Association of Legal Secretaries) |
| Professional Legal Secretary | PLS | NALS (formerly the National Association of Legal Secretaries) |
| Professional Paralegal | PP | NALS (formerly the National Association of Legal Secretaries) |
| Registered Paralegal | RP | NFPA (National Federation of Paralegal Associations) |
| CORE Registered Paralegal | CRP | NFPA (National Federation of Paralegal Associations) |
Additionally, many jurisdictions grant some or all judges the right to use postnomial letters, which they generally employ in lieu of "Esq." For instance, in New Jersey, Judges of the New Jersey Superior Court are entitled to the postnomials "J.S.C.", except for the a Presiding Judges of the Family, Civil, Criminal, and General Equity Parts in a vicinage (entitled to the letters "P.J.F.P.", "P.J. Civ. P.", "P.J. Cr. P.", and "P.J. Ch. P."), a vicinage assignment judge (entitled to "A.J.S.C."), Appellate Division judges ("J.A.D.") and the Presiding Judge of the Appellate Division ("P.J.A.D."). Justices of the Supreme Court of New Jersey are entitled to the simple postnomial "J."
Logistics and transportation
| Name | Designation | Agency |
|---|---|---|
| Certified Professional Logistician | CPL | International Society of Logistics |
| Certified in Production & Inventory Management | CPIM | APICS American Production & Inventory Control Society
((Certified Supply Chain Professional )) CSCP (( APICS)) |
| Certified Transportation Professional | CTP | National Private Truck Council |
Medicine and health care
| Name | Post-nominal | Agency | |
|---|---|---|---|
| American Board of Professional Psychology | ABPP | Qualification beyond state licensure currently in 13 specialties, including clinical, school, and forensic psychology | |
| Certified Health Education Specialist | CHES | National Commission for Health Education Credentialing, Inc. | |
| Master Certified Health Education Specialist | MCHES | National Commission for Health Education Credentialing, Inc. | |
| Certified HIPAA Privacy Associate | CHPA | Basic level certification for covered entities and business associates employees, interns, volunteers and others. | |
| Certified HIPAA Privacy Expert | CHPE | Intermediate level certification for covered entities and business associates employees who need to validate their HIPAA Privacy knowledge. This certification is mainly for HR staff, privacy consultants and Privacy compliance team members. | |
| Certified HIPAA Privacy Security Expert | CHPSE | Highest level of certification for covered entities and business associates HIPAA compliance officer who need to validate their HIPAA Privacy & Security knowledge. This certification is mainly for compliance staff, HIPAA consultants, HIPAA auditors and HIPAA Compliance officer. | |
| Certified HIPAA Professional | CHP | ||
| Certified Hospice and Palliative Licensed Nurse | CHPLN | must hold a current, unrestricted practical/vocational nurse license in the United States or its territories and must have hospice and palliative licensed practical/vocational nursing practice of 500 hours in the most recent 12 months or 1000 hours in the most recent 24 months prior to applying for the examination.[13] | |
| Certified HIPAA Security Expert | CHSE | Intermediate level certification for covered entities and business associates employees who need to validate their HIPAA Security knowledge. This certification is mainly for IT staff, security consultants and Security compliance team members. | |
| Certified HIPAA Security Specialist | CHSS | ||
| Certified Veterinary Assistant | CVA[14] | ||
| Doctor of Veterinary Medicine | DVM | ||
| Doctor of Chiropractic | DC | A professional doctoral degree for chiropractic physicians. | |
| Doctor of Dental Surgery | D.D.S. or DDS | ||
| Doctor of Psychiatry | Psy.D. or PsyD | A professional doctoral degree for clinical psychologists. Clinical psychologists who complete additional research as a component of their academic training are awarded a PhD in Psychology. Either of these degrees may be listed postnominally with ABPP to designate completion of board specialization beyond licensure. | |
| Doctor of Medical Dentistry | D.M.D. or DMD | ||
| Doctor of Medicine | M.D. or MD | ||
| Doctor of Naturopathic Medicine | ND or NMD | A professional doctoral degree for naturopathic practitioners in the United States. Holders of the ND or NMD degree are known as naturopathic physicians in states where they may be licensed. The designation NMD is used in Arizona. | |
| Doctor of Nursing Practice | DNP | A terminal professional degree that focuses on the clinical aspects of nursing rather than academic research. The curriculum for the DNP degree generally includes advanced practice, leadership, and application of clinical research. The DNP is intended primarily to prepare registered nurses to become advanced practice registered nurses. Advanced practice roles in nursing include the nurse practitioner (NP), certified registered nurse anesthetist (CRNA), certified nurse midwife (CNM), the clinical nurse specialist (CNS), and Nursing Administrators. | |
| Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine | D.O. or DO | A professional doctoral degree for physicians in the United States. Holders of the DO degree are known as osteopathic physicians and have equivalent rights, privileges, and responsibilities as physicians with a Doctor of Medicine degree (M.D.). Osteopathic medical school curricula closely mirror those of Doctor of Medicine M.D.-granting medical schools. However, osteopathic physicians also receive an additional 300 – 500 hours in the study of hands-on manual medicine and the body's musculoskeletal system integrated into the medical curriculum, which is referred to as osteopathic manipulative medicine. | |
| Doctor of Podiatric Medicine | D.P.M. | A Doctor of Podiatric Medicine (DPM) is a physician that specializes in diagnosing and treating conditions of the foot, ankle, and related structures of the leg. DPMs are also known as podiatric physicians or surgeons. They complete four years of training in a podiatric medical school and three years of hospital residency training. This training is similar to that of other medical or osteopathic doctors but with an emphasized scope on foot, ankle, and lower extremity. | |
| Emergency Medical Dispatcher | EMD | Certified through the Association of Public-Safety Communications Officials-International (APCO), the National Academies of Emergency Dispatch, and PowerPhone, Inc. | |
| Nationally Registered Emergency Medical Responder (Begin January 1, 2012) | NREMR | All require passage of the National EMS Certification Exam-EMR (NREMR), developed by the National Registry of Emergency Medical Technicians | |
| Emergency Medical Technician - Basic (End December 31, 2011) | EMT-B | All require passage of the National Registry of Emergency Medical Technicians EMT-Basic Exam (NREMT-B), developed by the National Registry of Emergency Medical Technicians | |
| Nationally Registered Emergency Medical Technician (Begin January 1, 2012) | NREMT | All require passage of the National EMS Certification Exam-EMT (NREMT), developed by the National Registry of Emergency Medical Technicians | |
| Emergency Medical Technician - Intermediate/85 (End March 31, 2013) | EMT-I/85 | All require passage of the National Registry of Emergency Medical Technicians EMT-Intermediate/85 Exam (NREMT-I/85), developed by the National Registry of Emergency Medical Technicians | |
| Emergency Medical Technician - Intermediate/99 (End December 31, 2013) | EMT-I/99 | All require passage of the National Registry of Emergency Medical Technicians EMT-Intermediate/99 Exam (NREMT-I/99), developed by the National Registry of Emergency Medical Technicians | |
| Nationally Registered Advanced Emergency Medical Technician (Begin June 1, 2011) | NRAEMT | All require passage of the National EMS Certification Exam-Advanced EMT (NRAEMT), developed by the National Registry of Emergency Medical Technicians | |
| Emergency Medical Technician - Paramedic (End December 31, 2012) | EMT-P | All require passage of the National Registry of Emergency Medical Technicians EMT-Paramedic Exam (NREMT-P), developed by the National Registry of Emergency Medical Technicians | |
| Nationally Registered Paramedic (Begin January 1, 2013) | NRP | All require passage of the National EMS Certification Exam-Paramedic (NRP), developed by the National Registry of Emergency Medical Technicians | |
| Licensed Paramedic (Texas) | LP | Licensure by Texas Department of State Health All require passage of the National Registry of Emergency Medical Technicians- EMT-Paramedic or National EMS Certification Exam-Paramedic (NREMT-P or NRP after January 1, 2013), developed by the National Registry of Emergency Medical Technicians All require an associate degree in emergency medical services (EMS), a baccalaureate degree, or a postgraduate degree | |
| Licensed Practical Nurse (much of U.S.) Licensed Vocational Nurse (California and Texas) |
LPN LVN |
Licensure by individual state nursing boards All require passage of the National Council Licensure Examination-Practical Nurse (NCLEX-PN), developed by the National Council of State Boards of Nursing | |
| Registered Nurse | RN | Licensure by individual state nursing boards All require passage of the National Council Licensure Examination-Registered Nurse (NCLEX-RN), developed by the National Council of State Boards of Nursing | |
| Advanced Practice Nurse Advanced Practice Registered Nurse |
APN APRN |
Various | |
| Certified Massage Therapist | CMT | Certification by individual state boards | |
| Licensed Massage Therapist | LMT | Licensure by individual state boards Requires passing of NCETMB or MBLEx | |
| Licensed Clinical Massage Therapist | LCMT | Licensure by individual state boards Requires passing of NCETMB or MBLEx Clinical education specialized for health care practice | |
| Licensed Midwife | LM | state or provincial licensing | |
| Certified Midwife | CM | Accreditation Commission for Midwifery Education (accredits education programs) American Midwifery Certification Board (administers certification exam) American College of Nurse-Midwives (defines requirements) | |
| Certified Professional Midwife | CPM | North American Registry of Midwives | |
| Certified Nurse-Midwife | CNM | Accreditation Commission for Midwifery Education (accredits education programs) American Midwifery Certification Board (administers certification exam) American College of Nurse-Midwives (defines requirements) | |
| Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist | CRNA | American Association of Nurse Anesthetists Council on Accreditation of Nurse Anesthesia Educational Programs (accredits education programs) AANA Council on Certification of Nurse Anesthetists (administers certification exam) AANA Council on Recertification of Nurse Anesthetists (recertification) | |
| Nurse Practitioner | NP | State licensure | |
| Marine Physician Assistant | MPA | Federal Certificate of Registry U.S.C.G. | |
| Occupational Therapist | OTR | State licensure | |
| Physician Assistant | PA-C | National Commission on Certification of Physician Assistants | |
| Registered Veterinary Technician | RVT | ||
| Physical Therapist | PT | State licensure | |
| Physical Therapy Assistant | PTA | State licensure | |
| Certified in Public Health | CPH | National Board of Public Health Examiners | |
| Medical Laboratory Scientist | MLS | American Society for Clinical Pathology | |
| Medical Technologist | MT | State Licensure, American Medical Technologists | |
| Medical Laboratory Technician | MLT | State Licensure, American Society for Clinical Pathology, American Medical Technologists | |
| Licensed Professional Counselor | LPC or LCPC | State licensure | |
| Licensed Associate Counselor | LAC | State licensure | |
| Licensed Master Social Worker | LMSW | State licensure | |
| Licensed Clinical Social Worker | LCSW | State licensure | |
| Licensed Veterinary Technician | LVT | ||
| Qualified Clinical Social Worker | QCSW | National Association of Social Workers | |
| Certified Tissue Bank Specialist | CTBS | American Association of Tissue Banks | |
| Certified Hypnotherapist | CHt | ||
| National Board Certified Clinical Hypnotherapist | NBCCH | National Board for Certified Clinical Hypnotherapists | |
| National Board Certified Clinical Hypnotherapist in Public Service | NBCCH-PS | National Board for Certified Clinical Hypnotherapists | |
| National Board Certified Diplomate in Clinical Hypnotherapy | NBCDCH | National Board for Certified Clinical Hypnotherapists | |
| National Board Certified Diplomate in Clinical Hypnotherapy in Public Service | NBCDCH-PS | National Board for Certified Clinical Hypnotherapists | |
| National Board Certified Fellow in Clinical Hypnotherapy | NBCFCH | National Board for Certified Clinical Hypnotherapists | |
| National Board Certified Fellow in Clinical Hypnotherapy in Public Service | NBCFCH-PS | National Board for Certified Clinical Hypnotherapists | |
| Licensed Acupuncturist | L.Ac. | State licensure | |
| Diplomate in Acupuncture | Dipl.Ac. | National Certification Commission for Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine | |
| Diplomate in Oriental Medicine | Dipl.O.M. | National Certification Commission for Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine | |
| Fellow of the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition | FASPEN | American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition | |
| Fellow of the American Academy of Nursing | FAAN | American Academy of Nursing | |
| Fellow of the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists | FASHP | American Society of Health-System Pharmacists | |
| Fellow of the American Academy of Emergency Medicine | FAAEM | American Academy of Emergency Medicine | |
| Fellow of the Aerospace Medical Association | FAsMA | Aerospace Medical Association | |
| Associate Fellow of the Aerospace Medical Association | AFAsMA | Aerospace Medical Association | |
| Certified Aerospace Physiologist | CAsP | Aerospace Medical Association | |
| Aviation Medical Examiner | AME | Federal Aviation Administration | |
| Senior Aviation Medical Examiner | SAME | Federal Aviation Administration | |
| Fellow of the American Academy of Pediatrics | FAAP | American Academy of Pediatrics | |
| Fellow of the American College of Cardiology | FACC | American College of Cardiology | |
| Fellow of the American College of Dentists | FACD | American College of Dentists | |
| Fellow of the American College of Endocrinology | FACE | American College of Endocrinology | |
| Fellow of the American College of Physicians | FACP | American College of Physicians | |
| Fellow of the American College of Surgeons | FACS | American College of Surgeons | |
| Fellow of the American College of Osteopathic Family Physicians | FACOFP | American College of Osteopathic Family Physicians | |
| Fellow of the American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists | FACOG | American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists | |
| Doctor of Pharmacy | PharmD | State boards of pharmacy | |
| Certified Pharmacy Technician | CPhT | Pharmacy Technician Certification Board | |
| Registered Pharmacist | R.Ph. or RPh | State boards of pharmacy | |
| Registered Respiratory Therapist | RRT | National Board for Respiratory Care | |
| Registered Respiratory Therapist, Neonatal & Pediatric Specialist | RRT-NPS | National Board for Respiratory Care | |
| Registered Respiratory Therapist, Sleep Disorder Specialist | RRT-SDS | National Board for Respiratory Care | |
| Registered Respiratory Therapist, Adult Critical Care Specialist | RRT-ACCS | National Board for Respiratory Care | |
| Respiratory practitioner | RP, RCP | State Boards of Respiratory Care | |
| Certified Respiratory Therapy Technician | CRTT | National Board for Respiratory Care | |
| Certified Respiratory Therapist | CRT | National Board for Respiratory Care | |
| Certified Phlebotomy Technician | CPT | National Healthcareer Association | |
| Certified Athletic trainer | ATC | Board of Certification, Inc. May be restricted by state licensure. | |
| Certified Medical Assistant | CMA | American Association of Medical Assistants |
Military
| Name | Post-nominal |
|---|---|
| United States Army | USA |
| United States Navy | USN |
| United States Air Force | USAF |
| United States Marine Corps | USMC |
| United States Coast Guard | USCG |
| Retired | (Ret.) |
Real estate
Religion and theology
| Name | Post-nominal | Agency |
|---|---|---|
| Doctor of Divinity | DD | Used by those who have been granted an honorary degree by theological seminary or university in the United States. |
| Doctor of Theology | ThD | Used by those who have earned a doctorate in academic studies at a theological seminary or university. At those institutions offering it, it is considered a terminal degree in academic theology (at other institutions it is the PhD or DPhil in theology). |
| Doctor of Ministry | DMin | Used by those who have earned a professional doctorate degree at a theological seminary or university. |
| Master of Theology | ThM | Used by those who have earned a master in academic studies at a theological seminary or university. |
| Master of Divinity | MDiv | Used by those who have earned a professional master's degree at a theological seminary or university. Although it is a masters degree, academic completion requires 3 years of graduate training and it is considered a terminal degree in this field. |
| Master of Theological Studies | MTS | Used by those who have earned a master's degree at a theological seminary or university. |
| Certified Church Business Administrator | CCA | National Association of Church Business Administrators |
| Doctor of Metaphysics | MscD | Used by those who have earned a doctorate in metaphysics at the University of Metaphysics or University of Sedona |
| Keeper of thee Sacred Chao | K.S.C. | The Golden Apple Corps is an honorary position for the Keepers of Thee Sacred Chao, so that they can put "KSC" after their names[17] |
Surveying
| Name | Post-nominal |
|---|---|
| Professional Surveyor & Mapper | PSM |
| Professional Land Surveyor | PLS |
| Registered Land Surveyor | RLS |
| Surveyor Intern | SI |
| Land Surveyor-in-Training | LSIT |
Workplace learning and performance
| Name | Post-nominal | Agency |
|---|---|---|
| Certified Professional in Learning and Performance | CPLP | American Society for Training & Development |
Other
See also
References
- ^ a b http://cfainstitute.org/programs/cipm/Pages/index.aspx Cite error: The named reference "cfainstitute.org" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
- ^ https://www.mta.org/cmt/chartered-market-technician/
- ^ https://www.comptroller.tn.gov/RA_Upload/CMFOWelcome.aspx
- ^ http://ctpcert.afponline.org/
- ^ http://www.turnaround.org/Certification/About/default.aspx
- ^ http://fpacert.afponline.org/
- ^ http://www.rfpi.com/main.asp
- ^ http://www.floods.org/index.asp?menuid=426
- ^ http://www.emergencymanagementacademy.org/
- ^ Bre-X
- ^ http://www.aipg.org/about/cooperation.htm
- ^ a b Southern Reporter, Vol. 69, p. 931, St. Paul: West Publishing, 1911.
- ^ http://hpcc.advancingexpertcare.org/competence/lpvn-chpln/
- ^ "Texas Veterinary Medical Association". tvma.org.
- ^ a b http://www.appraisalinstitute.org/airesources/designated_mem.aspx
- ^ a b http://www.appraisers.org/docs/default-source/discipline_rp/rp-accreditation-guide.pdf
- ^ "It says little, does less, means nothing." Malaclypse the Younger, Principia Discordia, Page 00033
- ^ http://www.aafm.us/certifications.html
- ^ http://www.iabc.com/abc/
- ^ http://www.prsa.org/Learning/Accreditation
- ^ http://www.bels.org/index.htm
- ^ http://www.icpm.biz/?page=cm_program
- ^ http://www.fpra.org/Professional_Development/CPRC.aspx
- ^ "Doctorate in Strategic Security | Henley-Putnam". www.henley-putnam.edu. Retrieved 2016-02-09.
- ^ http://www.mmaglobal.com/certification
- ^ http://www.au.af.mil/au/barnes/ccaf/certifications.asp
- ^ "Membership requirements". castingsociety.com. Casting Society of America.
- ^ "Home page". mpse.org. Motion Picture Sound Editors.