List of reptiles of Northern America

This is a checklist of American reptiles found north from Mexico, based primarily on SSAR publications. It includes all species of the United States and Canada, including recently introduced species such as Chameleons, the Nile monitor, and the Burmese python. Subspecies are listed only in a few cases. The information about range and status of almost all of these species can be found also in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species site.

* alien species

Summary of 2006 IUCN Red List categories.

Conservation status – IUCN Red List of Threatened Species:

EX – Extinct, EW – Extinct in the wild

CR – Critically endangered, EN – Endangered, VU – Vulnerable

NT – Near threatened, LC – Least concern

DD – Data deficient, NE – Not evaluated

(v. 2013.2, the data is current as of March 5, 2014)

and Endangered Species Act:

E – Endangered, T – Threatened

XN, XE – Experimental non-essential or essential population

E(S/A), T(S/A) – Endangered or threatened due to similarity of appearance

(the data is current as of March 28, 2014)

Order: Crocodylia

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American alligator
Alligator mississippiensis

Family: Alligatoridae

Alligators

• American alligator Alligator mississippiensis LR/lc T(S/A)
• Spectacled caiman Caiman crocodilus * LR/lc

Family: Crocodylidae

Subfamily: Crocodylinae

Crocodiles

• American crocodile Crocodylus acutus VU E (FL: T only)

Order: Testudines (Turtles)

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Suborder: Cryptodira

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Family: Testudinidae Tortoises

Mohave Desert tortoise Gopherus agassizii

Gopher tortoises

• Gopher tortoise Gopherus polyphemus VU T
• Berlandier’s tortoise Gopherus berlandieri LR/lc
• Bolson tortoise Gopherus flavomarginatus VU
• Mohave Desert tortoise Gopherus agassizii VU T
  (AZ south and east of Colorado R.: T(S/A) only)
• Sonoran Desert tortoise Gopherus morafkai (formerly in G. agassizii)

Family: Emydidae Pond turtles

Subfamily: Emydinae

Pond turtles

• Two species split from former Western pond turtle A. marmorata VU:

• Northwestern pond turtle Actinemys (marmorata) marmorata
• Southwestern pond turtle Actinemys (marmorata) pallida

• Spotted turtle Clemmys guttata EN
• Wood turtle Glyptemys insculpta EN
• Bog turtle Glyptemys muhlenbergii CR T
  (GA, NC, SC, TN, VA: T(S/A) only)

Blanding's turtle

• Blanding’s turtle Emydoidea blandingii EN

Box turtles

• Eastern box turtle Terrapene carolina VU
• Florida box turtle Terrapene (carolina) bauri
• Ornate box turtle Terrapene ornata NT

Subfamily: Deirochelyinae

Black-knobbed map turtle
Graptemys nigrinoda hatchlings

Sliders

• Pond slider Trachemys scripta LC
• Mexican plateau slider Trachemys gaigeae VU
• Jamaican slider Trachemys terrapen * VU
  (species not listed by SSAR)

Painted turtles

• Painted turtle Chrysemys picta LC
• Southern painted turtle Chrysemys dorsalis (formerly in Chrysemys picta)

Chicken turtles

• Chicken turtle Deirochelys reticularia

Map turtles

• Barbour’s map turtle Graptemys barbouri VU
• Cagle’s map turtle Graptemys caglei EN
• Escambia map turtle Graptemys ernsti NT
• Yellow-blotched map turtle Graptemys flavimaculata VU T
• Northern map turtle Graptemys geographica LC
• Pascagoula map turtle Graptemys gibbonsi EN
• Pearl river map turtle Graptemys pearlensis EN,
  (formerly in Graptemys gibbonsi)
• Black-knobbed map turtle Graptemys nigrinoda LC
• Ringed map turtle Graptemys oculifera VU T
• Two species split from the former Ouachita map turtle Graptemys ouachitensis LC:

• Ouachita map turtle Graptemys (ouachitensis) ouachitensis
• Sabine map turtle Graptemys (ouachitensis) sabinensis

• False map turtle Graptemys pseudogeographica LC
• Alabama map turtle Graptemys pulchra NT
• Texas map turtle Graptemys versa LC

Diamond-backed terrapin

• Diamond-backed terrapin Malaclemys terrapin LR/nt

Redbelly turtles and cooters

• Alabama red-bellied cooter Pseudemys alabamensis EN E
• River cooter Pseudemys concinna LC
• Suwannee cooter Pseudemys suwanniensis (formerly in Pseudemys concinna)
• Rio Grande cooter Pseudemys gorzugi NT
• Florida red-bellied cooter Pseudemys nelsoni LC
• Peninsula cooter Pseudemys peninsularis LC
• Northern red-bellied cooter Pseudemys rubriventris NT (Plymouth red-bellied turtle P. r. bangsi: E)
• Texas cooter Pseudemys texana LC

Family: Cheloniidae

Green sea turtle Chelonia mydas

• Olive Ridley sea turtle Lepidochelys olivacea VU T
• Loggerhead sea turtle Caretta caretta EN (North Pacific: E, Northwest Atlantic: T)
• Kemp's Ridley sea turtle Lepidochelys kempii CR E
• Green sea turtle Chelonia mydas EN T
  (Hawaiian subpopulation: LC, Breeding colony populations in FL: E)
• Hawksbill sea turtle Eretmochelys imbricata CR E

Family: Dermochelyidae

• Leatherback sea turtle Dermochelys coriacea VU E
  (East Pacific Ocean subpopulation – i.e. Hawaiian Is.: CR, West Pacific Ocean subpopulation: CR, Northwest Atlantic Ocean subpopulation: LC)

Family: Chelydridae

Snapping turtles

• Snapping turtle Chelydra serpentina LC

Alligator snapping turtles

• Three species split from the former Alligator snapping turtle Macrochelys temminckii VU:

• Alligator snapping turtle Macrochelys temminckii
• Apalachicola alligator snapping turtle Macrochelys apalachicolae (species not recognized by SSAR)
• Suwannee alligator snapping turtle Macrochelys suwanniensis

Family: Kinosternidae

Mud turtles

• Arizona mud turtle Kinosternon arizonense LC
• Striped mud turtle Kinosternon baurii LC
• Yellow mud turtle Kinosternon flavescens LC
• Rough-footed mud turtle Kinosternon hirtipes LC
• Sonora mud turtle Kinosternon sonoriense NT
• Two species split from the former Eastern mud turtle Kinosternon subrubrum LC:

• Eastern mud turtle Kinosternon subrubrum
• Florida mud turtle Kinosternon (subrubrum) steindachneri

Musk turtles

Spiny softshell Apalone spinifera

• Razor-backed musk turtle Sternotherus carinatus LC
• Flattened musk turtle Sternotherus depressus CR T
• Loggerhead musk turtle Sternotherus minor LC
• Eastern musk turtle Sternotherus odoratus LC

Giant musk turtles

• Pacific Coast Giant Musk Turtle Staurotypus salvinii * NT

Family: Trionychidae Softshells

• Florida softshell Apalone ferox LC
• Smooth softshell Apalone mutica LC
• Spiny softshell Apalone spinifera LC
• Wattle-necked softshell Palea steindachneri * EN (Hawaii only)
• Chinese softshell Pelodiscus sinensis * VU (Hawaii only)

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Suborder: Pleurodira

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Family: Podocnemididae Side-necked turtles

• Yellow-spotted Amazon River turtle Podocnemis unifilis * VU
  (species not listed by SSAR)

Order: Squamata (scaled reptiles)

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Suborder: Iguania

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Family: Agamidae Agamas

Subfamily: Agaminae

• Peters’s Rock Agama Agama picticauda *
• Indochinese bloodsucker Calotes mystaceus * (species not listed by SSAR anymore)
• Variable bloodsucker Calotes versicolor * LC

Subfamily: Leiolepidinae

• Butterfly lizard Leiolepis belliana *
• Red-banded butterfly lizard Leiolepis rubritaeniata *

Family: Chamaeleonidae Chameleons

Subfamily: Chamaeleoninae

• Veiled chameleon Chamaeleo calyptratus * LC
• Jackson's chameleon Trioceros jacksonii *
• Oustalet's chameleon Furcifer oustaleti * LC
• Panther Chameleon Furcifer pardalis * LC

Family: Crotaphytidae Collared and leopard lizards

Eastern collared lizard
Crotaphytus collaris

Collared lizards

• Great Basin collared lizard Crotaphytus bicinctores LC
• Eastern collared lizard Crotaphytus collaris LC
• Sonoran collared lizard Crotaphytus nebrius LC
• Reticulate collared lizard Crotaphytus reticulatus VU
• Baja California collared lizard Crotaphytus vestigium LC

Leopard lizards

• Cope’s leopard lizard Gambelia copeii LC
• Blunt-nosed leopard lizard Gambelia sila EN E
• Long-nosed leopard lizard Gambelia wislizenii LC

Family: Iguanidae Iguanas

Common Chuckwalla Sauromalus ater

• Isla San Esteban spiny-tailed iguana Ctenosaura conspicuosa *
• Sonoran spiny-tailed iguana Ctenosaura macrolopha *
• Mexican spiny-tailed iguana Ctenosaura pectinata *
• Gray's spiny-tailed iguana Ctenosaura similis * LC
• Desert iguana Dipsosaurus dorsalis LC
• Green iguana Iguana iguana *

Chuckwallas

• Common chuckwalla Sauromalus ater LC

Family: Phrynosomatidae

Zebratail lizards

• Zebra-tailed lizard Callisaurus draconoides LC

Greater earless lizards

• Greater earless lizard Cophosaurus texanus LC

Earless lizards

• Spot-tailed earless lizard Holbrookia lacerata NT
• Common lesser earless lizard Holbrookia maculata LC

• Speckled earless lizard Holbrookia (maculata) approximans
  (species not recognized by SSAR)

• Elegant earless lizard Holbrookia elegans LC (formerly in Holbrookia maculata)
• Keeled earless lizard Holbrookia propinqua LC

Rock lizards

• Mearns’s rock lizard Petrosaurus mearnsi LC

Horned lizards

Desert Horned Lizard
Phrynosoma platyrhinos

• Texas horned lizard Phrynosoma cornutum LC
• Blainville's horned lizard Phrynosoma blainvillii (formerly in Phrynosoma cornutum)
• Pygmy short-horned lizard Phrynosoma douglasii LC

• Baur’s short-horned lizard Phrynosoma bauri (species not recognized by SSAR)
• Great Plains short-horned lizard Phrynosoma brevirostris (species not recognized by SSAR)
• San Luis Valley short-horned lizard Phrynosoma diminutum (species not recognized by SSAR)
• Desert short-horned lizard Phrynosoma ornatissimum (species not recognized by SSAR)

• Greater short-horned lizard Phrynosoma hernandesi LC
• Desert horned lizard Phrynosoma platyrhinos LC
• Goode's horned lizard Phrynosoma goodei (formerly in Phrynosoma platyrhinos)
• Flat-tailed horned lizard Phrynosoma mcallii NT
• Round-tailed horned lizard Phrynosoma modestum LC
• Regal horned lizard Phrynosoma solare LC

Spiny lizards

• Dunes sagebrush lizard Sceloporus arenicolus VU
• Desert spiny lizard Sceloporus magister LC
• Twin-spotted spiny lizard Sceloporus bimaculosus (formerly in Sceloporus magister)
• Yellow-backed spiny lizard Sceloporus uniformis (formerly in Sceloporus magister)
• Clark's spiny lizard Sceloporus clarkii LC
• Eastern fence lizard Sceloporus undulatus LC
• Prairie lizard Sceloporus consobrinus (formerly in Sceloporus undulatus)
• Southwestern fence lizard Sceloporus cowlesi (formerly in Sceloporus undulatus)
• Plateau fence lizard Sceloporus tristichus (formerly in Sceloporus undulatus)
• Rough-scaled lizard Sceloporus serrifer LC (species not listed by SSAR)
• Blue spiny lizard Sceloporus cyanogenys (formerly in Sceloporus serrifer LC)
• Common sagebrush lizard Sceloporus graciosus LC

• Southern sagebrush lizard Sceloporus (graciosus) vandenburgianus LC
  (species not recognized by SSAR)

• Graphic spiny lizard Sceloporus grammicus LC
• Yarrow’s spiny lizard Sceloporus jarrovii LC
• Canyon lizard Sceloporus merriami LC
• Western fence lizard Sceloporus occidentalis LC

• Island fence lizard Sceloporus (occidentalis) becki (species not recognized by SSAR)

• Texas spiny lizard Sceloporus olivaceus LC
• Granite spiny lizard Sceloporus orcutti LC
• Crevice spiny lizard Sceloporus poinsettii LC
• Slevin's bunchgrass lizard Sceloporus slevini LC
• Rose-bellied lizard Sceloporus variabilis LC
• Striped plateau lizard Sceloporus virgatus LC
• Florida scrub lizard Sceloporus woodi NT
• Couch's spiny lizard Sceloporus couchii (species not listed by SSAR)
• Ornate spiny lizard Sceloporus ornatus NT (species not listed by SSAR)

Fringe-toed lizards

• Coachella fringe-toed lizard Uma inornata EN T
• Colorado Desert fringe-toed lizard Uma notata NT
• Yuman fringe-toed lizard Uma rufopunctata NT (formerly in Uma notata)
• Mohave fringe-toed lizard Uma scoparia LC

Tree and brush lizards

• Long-tailed brush lizard Urosaurus graciosus LC
• Small-scaled lizard Urosaurus microscutatus (formerly merged with U. nigricaudus LC)
• Ornate tree lizard Urosaurus ornatus LC

Side-blotched lizards

• Common sideblotched lizard Uta stansburiana LC

Family: Dactyloidae Anoles

Green anole Anolis carolinensis

Anoles

• Green anole Anolis carolinensis LC
• Hispaniolan green anole Anolis chlorocyanus *
• Large-headed anole Anolis cybotes *
• Knight anole Anolis equestris *
• Cuban green anole Anolis porcatus *
• Crested anole Anolis cristatellus *
• Bark anole Anolis distichus *
  additional native status is an unresolved issue
• Comb anole Anolis ferreus * (species not listed by SSAR anymore)
• Jamaican giant anole Anolis garmani *
• Brown anole Anolis sagrei *
• St. Vincent bush anole Anolis trinitatis *

Family: Corytophanidae Casquehead lizards

• Brown basilisk Basiliscus vittatus *

Family: Leiocephalidae Curly-tailed lizards

• Northern curly-tailed lizard Leiocephalus carinatus * LC
• Red-sided curly-tailed lizard Leiocephalus schreibersii * LC

Suborder: Gekkota

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Family: Gekkonidae geckos

Subfamily: Gekkoninae

Texas banded gecko
Coleonyx brevis

• Moorish gecko Tarentola mauritanica * LC
• Ringed wall gecko Tarentola annularis *
• Common house gecko Hemidactylus frenatus * LC
• Indo-Pacific house gecko Hemidactylus garnotii *
• Wood slave Hemidactylus mabouia *
• Sri Lankan spotted house gecko Hemidactylus parvimaculatus *
• Asian flat-tailed house gecko Hemidactylus platyurus *
• Mediterranean gecko Hemidactylus turcicus * LC
• Indo-Pacific tree gecko Hemiphyllodactylus typus * (Hawaii only)
• Peninsula leaf-toed gecko Phyllodactylus nocticolus
  (Phyllodactylus xanti as P. x. nocticolus + P. x. xanti: LC)

• Xantus' Leaf-toed gecko Phyllodactylus xanti LC (species not recognized by SSAR)

• Reef gecko Sphaerodactylus notatus LC
• Ocellated gecko Sphaerodactylus argus *
• Ashy gecko Sphaerodactylus elegans *
• Gray gecko Sphaerodactylus cinereus VU
  (species not listed by SSAR)
• Bibron's sand gecko Chondrodactylus bibronii * (species not listed by SSAR anymore)
• Rough-tailed gecko Cyrtopodion scabrum * LC
• Mutilating gecko Gehyra mutilata * (Hawaii only)
• Golden gecko Gekko badenii' * DD
• Tokay gecko Gekko gecko *
• Yellow-headed gecko Gonatodes albogularis *
• Mourning gecko Lepidodactylus lugubris *
• Madagascan giant day gecko Phelsuma grandis * LC
• Orange-spotted day gecko Phelsuma guimbeaui * (Hawaii only)
• Gold dust day gecko Phelsuma laticauda * LC

Subfamily: Eublepharinae

Banded geckos

• Texas banded gecko Coleonyx brevis LC
• Reticulate banded gecko Coleonyx reticulatus LC
• Switak's banded gecko Coleonyx switaki LC
• Western banded gecko Coleonyx variegatus LC

Suborder: Autarchoglossa

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Family: Lacertidae Wall or true lizards

Subfamily: Lacertinae

• Western green lacerta Lacerta bilineata * LC
• Common wall lizard Podarcis muralis * LC
• Italian wall lizard Podarcis siculus * LC

Family: Scincidae Skinks

Subfamily: Scincinae

• Coal skink Plestiodon anthracinus LC
• Mountain skink Plestiodon callicephalus LC
• Mole skink Plestiodon egregius LC (Blue-tailed mole skink P. e. lividus: T)
• Five-lined skink Plestiodon fasciatus LC
• Gilbert’s skink Plestiodon gilberti LC
• Southeastern five-lined skink Plestiodon inexpectatus LC
• Broad-headed skink Plestiodon laticeps LC
• Many-lined skink Plestiodon multivirgatus LC
• Great Plains skink Plestiodon obsoletus LC
• Prairie skink Plestiodon septentrionalis LC
• Western skink Plestiodon skiltonianus LC
• Four-lined skink Plestiodon tetragrammus LC
• Florida sand skink Plestiodon reynoldsi VU T
• Ocellated skink Chalcides ocellatus *

Subfamily: Lygosominae

• Brown mabuya Mabuya multifasciata *
• Little brown skink Scincella lateralis LC
• Pacific snake-eyed skink Cryptoblepharus poecilopleurus * (Hawaii only)
• Copper-tailed skink Emoia cyanura * (Hawaii only)
• Azure-tailed skink Emoia impar * LC (Hawaii only)
• Plague skink Lampropholis delicata * (Hawaii only)
• Moth skink Lipinia noctua * (Hawaii only)
• African five-lined skink Trachylepis quinquetaeniata *

Family: Anguidae

Eastern Glass Lizard
Ophisaurus ventralis

Subfamily: Anguinae

Glass lizards

• Slender glass lizard Ophisaurus attenuatus LC
• Island glass lizard Ophisaurus compressus LC
• Mimic glass lizard Ophisaurus mimicus LC
• Eastern glass lizard Ophisaurus ventralis LC

Subfamily: Gerrhonotinae

Western alligator lizards

• Northern alligator lizard Elgaria coerulea LC
• Madrean alligator lizard Elgaria kingii LC
• Southern alligator lizard Elgaria multicarinata LC
• Panamint alligator lizard Elgaria panamintina VU

Eastern alligator lizards

• Texas alligator lizard Gerrhonotus infernalis LC

Family: Anniellidae American legless lizards

Legless lizards

• Five species split from the former California legless lizard Anniella pulchra LC:

• Temblor legless lizard Anniella alexanderae
• Big Spring legless lizard Anniella campi
• Bakersfield legless lizard Anniella grinnelli
• Northern legless lizard Anniella pulchra
• San Diegan legless lizard Anniella stebbinsi

Family: Helodermatidae Gila monsters

Gila monster at the Bristol Zoo

Gila monster

• Gila monster Heloderma suspectum NT

Family: Teiidae Tegus or whiptails

• Giant ameiva Ameiva ameiva *
• Dusky giant ameiva Ameiva praesignis *
• Giant spotted whiptail Aspidoscelis (burti) stictogramma (A. burti: LC)
• Red-backed whiptail Aspidoscelis xanthonota (formerly in Aspidoscelis burti)
• Chihuahuan spotted whiptail Aspidoscelis exsanguis LC
• Gila spotted whiptail Aspidoscelis flagellicauda LC
• Common spotted whiptail Aspidoscelis gularis LC
• Orange-throated whiptail Aspidoscelis hyperythra LC
• Little striped whiptail Aspidoscelis inornata LC

• Arizona striped whiptail Aspidoscelis (inorata) arizonae NT
  (species not recognized by SSAR)
• Little white whiptail Aspidoscelis (inornata) gypsi VU
  (species not recognized by SSAR)
• Pai striped whiptail Aspidoscelis (inorata) pai LC
  (species not recognized by SSAR)

• Plateau striped whiptail Aspidoscelis velox LC (formerly in Aspidoscelis inornata)
• Laredo striped whiptail Aspidoscelis laredoensis LC
• Marbled whiptail Aspidoscelis marmorata
• Giant whiptail Aspidoscelis motaguae * LC
• Neaves’ whiptail Aspidoscelis neavesi
• New Mexico whiptail Aspidoscelis neomexicana LC
• Common checkered whiptail Aspidoscelis tesselata LC (former Aspidoscelis grahamii)
  • Gray checkered whiptail Aspidoscelis dixoni NT (species not recognized by SSAR)
• Colorado checkered whiptail Aspidoscelis neotesselata NT (former Aspidoscelis tesselata)
• Plateau spotted whiptail Aspidoscelis scalaris LC
• Six-lined racerunner Aspidoscelis sexlineata LC
• Sonoran spotted whiptail Aspidoscelis sonorae LC
• Tiger whiptail Aspidoscelis tigris LC
• Desert grassland whiptail Aspidoscelis uniparens LC
• Rainbow whiptail Cnemidophorus lemniscatus *
• Argentine giant tegu Salvator merianae * LC
• Gold tegu Tupinambis teguixin *

Family: Xantusiidae Night lizards

Night lizards

• Desert night lizard Xantusia vigilis LC
• Arizona night lizard Xantusia arizonae LC (formerly in Xantusia vigilis)
• Sierra night lizard Xantusia sierrae (formerly in Xantusia vigilis)
• Wiggins' night lizard Xantusia wigginsi (formerly in Xantusia vigilis)
• Bezy's night lizard Xantusia bezyi LC
• Sandstone night lizard Xantusia gracilis VU
• Granite night lizard Xantusia henshawi LC
• Island night lizard Xantusia riversiana LC T

Family: Varanidae Monitor lizards

Florida wormlizard Rhineura floridana

• Nile monitor Varanus niloticus *
• Savannah monitor Varanus exanthematicus * LC
  (species not listed by SSAR)
• Common water monitor Varanus salvator * LC
  (species not listed by SSAR)

Suborder: Amphisbaenia

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Family: Rhineuridae North American worm lizards

Worm lizards

• Florida wormlizard Rhineura floridana LC

Suborder: Serpentes

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Family: Typhlopidae Blind snakes

• Brahminy blindsnake Indotyphlops braminus *
• Hispaniola worm snake Typhlops pusillus LC (species not listed by SSAR)

Family: Boidae Boas

Subfamily: Erycinae

Rubber and rosy boas

• Northern rubber boa Charina bottae LC
• Three-lined boa Lichanura trivirgata LC
• Rosy boa Lichanura orcutti (formerly in L. trivirgata)

Blind snakes

• Southern rubber boa Charina umbratica

Subfamily: Boinae

Boas

• Boa constrictor Boa constrictor *

Family: Colubridae Colubrids

Subfamily: Colubrinae

Racers

• North American racer Coluber constrictor LC

Whipsnakes

• Sonoran whipsnake Coluber bilineatus LC
• Coachwhip Coluber flagellum LC
• Baja California coachwhip Coluber fuliginosus (formerly in Coluber flagellum)
• Striped racer Coluber lateralis LC (Alameda striped racer C. l. euryxanthus: T)
• Striped Whipsnake Coluber taeniatus LC
• Schott’s whipsnake Coluber schotti LC (formerly in Coluber taeniatus)

Desert rat snakes

• Baja California ratsnake Bogertophis rosaliae LC
• Trans-Pecos ratsnake Bogertophis subocularis LC

Rat snakes and fox snakes

Eastern ratsnake
Pantherophis alleghaniensis

• Western ratsnake Pantherophis obsoletus LC
• Eastern ratsnake Pantherophis alleghaniensis
  (formerly in Pantherophis obsoletus)
• Gray ratsnake Pantherophis spiloides (formerly in Pantherophis obsoletus)
• Baird's ratsnake Pantherophis bairdi LC
• Great Plains ratsnake Pantherophis emoryi LC
• Western fox snake Pantherophis ramspotti (formerly in Pantherophis vulpinus)
• Eastern foxsnake Pantherophis vulpinus LC

• Eastern fox snake Pantherophis (vulpinus) gloydi NT
  (species not recognized by SSAR)

• Red cornsnake Pantherophis guttatus LC
• Slowinski's cornsnake Pantherophis slowinskii DD
  (formerly in Pantherophis guttatus)

Glossy snakes

Glossy snake Arizona elegans

• Glossy snake Arizona elegans LC

Scarlet snakes

• Scarlet snake Cemophora coccinea LC
• Texas scarletsnake Cemophora lineri (formerly C. coccinea lineri)

Sand snakes

• Variable sandsnake Chilomeniscus stramineus LC
  (merged former C. cinctus, C. punctatissimus and C. stramineus)

Shovel-nosed snakes

• Mohave shovel-nosed snake Chionactis occipitalis LC
• Resplendent desert shovel-nosed snake Chionactis annulata
  (formerly C. occipitalis annulata)
• Sonoran shovel-nosed snake Chionactis palarostris LC

Indigo snakes

• Eastern indigo snake Drymarchon couperi LC T
• Gulf coast indigo snake Drymarchon kolpobasileus
• Central American indigo snake Drymarchon melanurus LC

Speckled racers

• Speckled racer Drymobius margaritiferus

Mexican hognose snakes

• Tamaulipan hook-nosed snake Ficimia streckeri LC

Plateau hooknose snakes

• Chihuahuan hook-nosed snake Gyalopion canum LC
• Thornscrub hook-nosed snake Gyalopion quadrangulare LC

Night snakes

• Gray-banded kingsnake Lampropeltis alterna LC
• Prairie kingsnake Lampropeltis calligaster LC
• South Florida mole kingsnake Lampropeltis occipitolineata (formerly L. calligaster occipitolineata)
• Northern mole kingsnake Lampropeltis rhombomaculata (formerly L. calligaster rhombomaculata)

Short-tailed snake

• Short-tailed kingsnake Lampropeltis extenuata NT

Kingsnakes

• Eastern kingsnake Lampropeltis getula LC
• California Kingsnake Lampropeltis californiae (formerly L. getula californiae)
• Speckled kingsnake Lampropeltis holbrooki (formerly L. getula holbrooki)
• Eastern black kingsnake Lampropeltis nigra (formerly L. getula nigra)
• Desert kingsnake Lampropeltis splendida (formerly L. getula splendida)
• Florida kingsnake Lampropeltis floridana (formerly L. getula floridana)
• Apalachicola kingsnake Lampropeltis meansi (formerly L. getula meansi)
• Western black kingsnake Lampropeltis nigrita (formerly in L. getula)
• Arizona mountain kingsnake Lampropeltis pyromelana LC
• Madrean Mountain kingsnake Lampropeltis (pyromelana) knoblochi
• Three species split from the former Milksnake Lampropeltis triangulum:

• Eastern milksnake Lampropeltis triangulum
• Mexican milksnake Lampropeltis (triangulum) annulata
• Western milksnake Lampropeltis gentilis

• Scarlet kingsnake Lampropeltis elapsoides (formerly in L. triangulum)
• Two species split from the former California mountain kingsnake Lampropeltis zonata LC:

• California mountain kingsnake Lampropeltis zonata
• Coast mountain kingsnake Lampropeltis (zonata) multifasciata

Rough green snake

Rough Greensnake Opheodrys aestivus

• Rough greensnake Opheodrys aestivus LC

Smooth green snake

• Smooth greensnake Opheodrys vernalis LC

Neotropical vine snakes

• Brown vinesnake Oxybelis aeneus

Leaf-nosed snakes

• Saddled leaf-nosed snake Phyllorhynchus browni LC
• Spotted leaf-nosed snake Phyllorhynchus decurtatus LC

Bull, gopher, and pine snakes

• Gopher snake Pituophis catenifer LC
• Pinesnake Pituophis melanoleucus LC
• Louisiana pine snake Pituophis ruthveni EN

Pine wood snake

• Pine Woods littersnake Rhadinaea flavilata LC

Long-nosed snake

• Long-nosed snake Rhinocheilus lecontei LC

Patch-nosed snakes

• Eastern patch-nosed snake Salvadora grahamiae LC
• Western patch-nosed snake Salvadora hexalepis LC

• Big Bend patch-nosed snake Salvadora (hexalepis) deserticola
  (species not recognized by SSAR)

Mountain ratsnake

• Green ratsnake Senticolis triaspis LC

Ground snake

• Western groundsnake Sonora semiannulata LC

Black-headed, flat-headed, and crowned snakes

• Mexican black-headed snake Tantilla atriceps LC
• Southeastern crowned snake Tantilla coronata LC
• Trans-Pecos black-headed snake Tantilla cucullata LC (formerly in Tantilla rubra)
• Flat-headed snake Tantilla gracilis LC
• Smith's black-headed snake Tantilla hobartsmithi LC
• Plains black-headed snake Tantilla nigriceps LC
• Rim rock crowned snake Tantilla oolitica EN
• Western black-headed snake Tantilla planiceps LC
• Florida crowned snake Tantilla relicta LC
• Chihuahuan black-headed snake Tantilla wilcoxi LC
• Yaqui black-headed snake Tantilla yaquia LC

Lyre snakes

• Sonoran lyresnake Trimorphodon lambda
• California lyresnake Trimorphodon lyrophanes
• Texas lyresnake Trimorphodon vilkinsonii LC (formerly in Trimorphodon biscutatus)

Subfamily: Natricinae

Shovel-nosed snakes

• Kirtland’s snake Clonophis kirtlandii NT

Water snakes

Saltmarsh watersnake Nerodia clarkii

• Saltmarsh snake Nerodia clarkii LC
  • Gulf saltmarsh watersnake N. c. clarkii
  • Mangrove saltmarsh watersnake N. c. compressicauda
  • Atlantic saltmarsh watersnake N. c. taeniata : T
• Mississippi green watersnake Nerodia cyclopion LC
• Plain-bellied watersnake Nerodia erythrogaster LC
  (Copper-bellied watersnake N. e. neglecta: T)

• Southern watersnake Nerodia fasciata LC
  • Broad-banded watersnake N. f. confluens
  • Banded watersnake N. f. fasciata
  • Florida watersnake N. f. pictiventris
• Florida green watersnake Nerodia floridana LC
• Brazos River watersnake Nerodia harteri NT
• Concho watersnake Nerodia paucimaculata NT
• Diamond-backed watersnake Nerodia rhombifer LC
• Common watersnake Nerodia sipedon LC
• Brown watersnake Nerodia taxispilota LC

Crayfish snakes

• Graham’s crayfish snake Regina grahamii LC
• Queensnake Regina septemvittata LC

Swampsnakes

• Striped swampsnake Liodytes alleni LC
• Glossy swampsnake Liodytes rigida LC
• Black swampsnake Liodytes pygaea LC

Brown snakes

• Dekay's brown snake Storeria dekayi LC
• Florida brown snake Storeria victa (formerly in Storeria dekayi)
• Red-bellied snake Storeria occipitomaculata LC

Garter snakes

• Aquatic gartersnake Thamnophis atratus LC
• Short-headed gartersnake Thamnophis brachystoma LC
• Butler's gartersnake Thamnophis butleri LC
• Sierra gartersnake Thamnophis couchii LC
• Black-necked gartersnake Thamnophis cyrtopsis LC
• Terrestrial gartersnake Thamnophis elegans LC
• Mexican gartersnake Thamnophis eques LC
• Giant gartersnake Thamnophis gigas VU T
• Two-striped gartersnake Thamnophis hammondii LC
• Checkered gartersnake Thamnophis marcianus LC
• Northwestern gartersnake Thamnophis ordinoides LC
• Western ribbonsnake Thamnophis proximus LC
• Plains gartersnake Thamnophis radix LC
• Narrow-headed gartersnake Thamnophis rufipunctatus LC
• Eastern ribbonsnake Thamnophis saurita LC
• Common gartersnake Thamnophis sirtalis LC (San Francisco Gartersnake T. s. tetrataenia: E)

Lined snake

• Lined snake Tropidoclonion lineatum LC

Earth snakes

• Rough earthsnake Haldea striatula LC
• Smooth earthsnake Virginia valeriae LC

Subfamily: Dipsadinae

Sharp-tailed snakes

• Forest sharp-tailed snake
• Common sharp-tailed snake Contia tenuis LC

Night snakes

• Desert nightsnake Hypsiglena chlorophaea (formerly in Hypsiglena torquata LC)
• Chihuahuan nightsnake Hypsiglena jani (formerly in Hypsiglena torquata LC)
• Coast nightsnake Hypsiglena ochrorhyncha (formerly in Hypsiglena torquata LC)

Cat-eyed snakes

• Northern cat-eyed snake Leptodeira septentrionalis (w/o former L. s. polysticta elevated now to species)

Subfamily: Xenodontinae

Worm snakes

• Common wormsnake Carphophis amoenus LC
• Western wormsnake Carphophis vermis LC

Black-striped snake

• Regal black-striped snake Coniophanes imperialis LC

Ringneck snake

• Ring-necked snake Diadophis punctatus LC

Mud snake and rainbow snake

• Red-bellied mudsnake Farancia abacura LC
• Rainbow snake Farancia erytrogramma LC

Hog-nosed snakes

• Plains hog-nosed snake Heterodon nasicus LC
• Dusty hog-nosed snake Heterodon gloydi (formerly in Heterodon nasicus)
• Mexican hog-nosed snake Heterodon kennerlyi (formerly in Heterodon nasicus)
• Eastern hog-nosed snake Heterodon platirhinos LC
• Southern hog-nosed snake Heterodon simus VU

Family: Viperidae

Copperhead Agkistrodon contortrix
camouflaged in dead leaves

Cottonmouth Agkistrodon piscivorus

Western diamondback rattlesnake Crotalus atrox

Texas threadsnake Leptotyphlops dulcis

Subfamily: Crotalinae

Copperhead and cottonmouth

• Eastern copperhead Agkistrodon contortrix LC
• Broad-banded copperhead Agkistrodon laticinctus (formerly in A. contortrix)
• Northern cottonmouth Agkistrodon piscivorus LC
• Florida cottonmouth Agkistrodon conanti (formerly in A. piscivorus)

Rattlesnakes

• Eastern diamondback rattlesnake Crotalus adamanteus LC
• Western diamondbacked rattlesnake Crotalus atrox LC
• Sidewinder Crotalus cerastes LC
• Timber rattlesnake Crotalus horridus LC
• Rock rattlesnake Crotalus lepidus LC
• Panamint rattlesnake Crotalus stephensi (formerly in Crotalus mitchellii)
• Southwestern speckled rattlesnake Crotalus pyrrhus (formerly in Crotalus mitchellii)
• Two species split from the former Black-tailed rattlesnake Crotalus molossus LC:

• Western Black-tailed rattlesnake Crotalus molossus
• Eastern Black-tailed rattlesnake Crotalus ornatus

• Prairie rattlesnake Crotalus viridis LC
• Western rattlesnake Crotalus oreganus LC (formerly in Crotalus viridis)
• Arizona black rattlesnake Crotalus cerberus (formerly in Crotalus viridis)
• Twin-spotted rattlesnake Crotalus pricei LC
• Red diamond rattlesnake Crotalus ruber LC
• Mohave rattlesnake Crotalus scutulatus LC
• Tiger rattlesnake Crotalus tigris LC
• Ridge-nosed rattlesnake Crotalus willardi LC
  (New Mexico Ridgenosed Rattlesnake C. w. obscurus': T)

Pigmy rattlesnakes

• Two species split from the former Eastern massasauga Sistrurus catenatus LC:

• Eastern massasauga Sistrurus catenatus
• Western massasauga Sistrurus tergeminus,
  (with subspecies S. t. tergeminus and S. t. edwardsii)

• Pygmy rattlesnake Sistrurus miliarius LC

Family: Elapidae

Western coral snake

• Sonoran coral snake Micruroides euryxanthus LC

Eastern coral snake

• Harlequin coral snake Micrurus fulvius LC
• Texas coral snake Micrurus tener LC

Subfamily: Hydrophiinae

Pelagic sea snake

• Yellow-bellied seasnake Hydrophis platurus LC

Family: Leptotyphlopidae Slender blind snakes

Blind snakes

• Texas threadsnake Rena dulcis LC
• New Mexico threadsnake Rena dissecta LC
  (formerly in Rena dulcis)
• Western threadsnake Rena humilis LC

• Trans-Pecos blind threadsnake Rena (humilis) segregus
  (species not recognized by SSAR)

Family: Acrochordidae File snakes

• Javanese file snake Acrochordus javanicus * LC

Family: Pythonidae Pythons

• Burmese python Python bivittatus * (P. (molurus) bivittatus: VU, introduced to Florida)
• Northern African rock python Python sebae *

See also

• List of threatened reptiles and amphibians of the United States
• List of birds of North America
• List of mammals of North America
• List of North American amphibians
• List of U.S. state mammals
• List of U.S. state birds
• U.S. state reptiles
• List of U.S. state amphibians
• Lists of reptiles by region
• Lists of amphibians by region

Further reading

• Cope, Edward D. (1875). Check-list of North American Batrachia and Reptilia; with a systematic list of the higher groups, and an essay on geographical distribution. Based on the specimens contained in the U. S. National Museum. Bulletin of the United States National Museum. Published under the direction of the Smithionian Institution. Washington: Government Printing Office: Department of the Interior: U.S. National Museum.
• Stejneger, Leonhard; Barbour, Thomas (1917). A check list of North American amphibians and reptiles (PDF). Cambridge, Mass., U.S.A.: Harvard University Press.

External links

• 8th Edition of Scientific and Standard English Names of Amphibians and Reptiles of North America North of Mexico published by the Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles (SSAR), available on the website of the American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists
• Scientific and Common Names of the Reptiles and Amphibians of North America – Explained, Ellin Beltz, 2006
• The Reptile Database, Uetz, P. and Jirí Hošek (eds.)
• US Fish & Wildlife Service – Species Search, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service

Reptilia endangered species

• US Fish & Wildlife Service – Endangered Species Program
• NOAA; National Marine Fisheries Service – Endangered Species Act
• The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species