List of tallest buildings in Melbourne
Melbourne, the second-largest city in Australia, is home to approximately 723 completed high-rise buildings.[1] Of those completed and or topped-out, 43 buildings are defined as "skyscrapers" (buildings which reach a height of at least 150 metres (490 ft)); more than any other city in Australia. Of the ten tallest buildings in Australia, five are located in Melbourne. Most of Melbourne's tallest skyscrapers are concentrated in the City Centre precinct; however, other locations of prominent skyscrapers and tall buildings in Melbourne include Carlton, Docklands, Southbank, South Melbourne, South Yarra and St Kilda Road.
Geographically, Melbourne's central business district comprises a western skyline and an eastern skyline. Buildings are more densely packed in the west than the east, although the east has two of the city's tallest buildings to architectural feature—120 Collins Street and 101 Collins Street, respectively, whilst the Rialto Towers (located on the west side) is tallest by roof. As a whole, the city overtook Sydney in 2011 as having the tallest skyline in the country and the 24th–tallest in the world, when the heights of the top ten tallest buildings in the city are combined.[2]
Historically, Melbourne has represented several "firsts" and been the holder of various records, both in Australia and internationally. The city is notable for being one of the first cities in the world to build numerous tall office buildings, alongside New York City and Chicago in the United States, though Melbourne's first skyscraper boom was very short lived. Melbourne was the location for Australia's first high–rise, the APA Building, constructed during this boom in 1889.[3] Melbourne was also the location for the first modern post-WW2 high-rise, ICI House built in 1958.[3] From 1986 to 2005, three of Melbourne's skyscrapers held the title of tallest building in Australia, with the Rialto Towers (1986–91), 101 Collins Street (1991) and 120 Collins Street (1991–2005). Since 2006, the city has been home to the second-tallest building in the country, the Eureka Tower; surpassed only by the Gold Coast's Q1, the Eureka Tower still maintains the title of tallest building in Australia to roof. Several other skyscraper projects have since emerged, such as Australia 108—which when completed in 2020, will surpass the Eureka Tower in height, and become the tallest building in Australia to roof.
History and specifications
- 19th century
The late 1880s 'land boom' saw the construction of approximately a dozen 'lofty edifices' of 8 to 10 storeys, made possible by the introduction of a pressurised hydraulic power network to operate lifts, and taking load bearing brickwork to great heights.[4] The APA Building (Australian Building) at 12 storeys plus spire, was by far the tallest, and can claim to be Australia's first 'skyscraper' and amongst the tallest building in the world when completed in 1889.[3] Aside from the APA Building, a total of 11 'skyscrapers' were located in the Melbourne city centre during this period, including the Finks Building and the Prell's Building. Many of the high-rises of this era were constructed in a Victorian or Queen Anne architecture, which led to the Miles Lewis comment that Melbourne had become a "Queen Anne Chicago".[5] None of them, however, were preserved and most were torn down between the 1960s and early 70s.
- 20th century
Melbourne was the first city in Australia to undergo a post-war high-rise boom beginning in the late 1950s, though Sydney in the following decades built more, with over 50 high-rise buildings constructed between the 1970s–90s.[6][7]
In 1972, 140 William Street (formerly BHP House) became Melbourne's first skyscraper to surpass the height of 150 metres. The William Street building was the city's tallest for a few years, and remains one of the few heritage registered skyscrapers in Melbourne. Slightly taller, the Optus Centre was completed in 1975; and then in 1977 Nauru House was crowned the tallest building in Melbourne, at a height of 182 metres. In 1978, what would be the first of two Collins Place towers was opened, at a height of 188 metres.
Decade | No. of 150m+ completions |
Total |
---|---|---|
1970s | 5 | 5 |
1980s | 3 | 8 |
1990s | 9 | 17 |
2000s | 8 | 25 |
2010s | complete: 17 | 50 |
under-construction: 8 | ||
2020s | complete: 0 | 62 |
under-construction: 12 |
By the early 1980s, Melbourne had a total of 6 buildings above 150 metres, with the completion of the Regent (later Sofitel) Hotel at Collins Place in 1980. In 1986, the Rialto Towers surpassed Sydney's MLC Centre as the tallest building not only in Australia but in the Southern Hemisphere, with a height of 251 metres. At the time of its opening it was the 23rd–tallest building in the world.[8] The 1990s brought Melbourne another 9 buildings over 150 metres; 5 of which exceed heights of 200 metres. Specifically, 1991 saw the construction of the 260-metre-tall (850 ft) 101 Collins Street, which was crowned the tallest building in Australia and the Southern Hemisphere; it was surpassed in height later that year with the completion of the nearby 120 Collins Street.[9] The skyscraper, which stands at 265 metres in height, held the titles for tallest building in Australia and the Southern Hemisphere for fourteen years, until the completion of the Gold Coast's Q1 in 2005.
- 21st century
During the 2000s, over 20 high-rise structures were completed, including the Eureka Tower, which overtook 120 Collins Street as the tallest building in Melbourne, and further became the second-tallest in Australia (although tallest to its roof).[10][11] Eureka Tower was also the tallest residential building in the world, until surpassed by Ocean Heights and the HHHR Tower in Dubai. It is currently the 15th-tallest apartment building in the world.[12]
Such trend has continued throughout the 2010s, with Prima Pearl, 568 Collins Street and Vision Apartments being constructed, all of which stand above 220 metres (720 ft) in height. This feat has been described as the "Manhattanization of Melbourne".[13] From the beginning of the decade, the city has experienced an "unprecedented" high-rise construction boom;[14][15][16] of buildings expected to reach 150 metres (or above) in height, 1 has topped-out, 19 are under-construction, 35 have received approval, and another few have been proposed—more than any other city in Australia.[1][17] Of those currently under construction, three projects will surpass 250 metres (820 ft) in height; Aurora Melbourne Central, West Side Place Tower 1, and Australia 108. The latter will be the tallest; reaching 317 metres (1,040 ft) in height, Australia 108 will become the tallest building in Melbourne upon completion in 2020, the tallest building to roof in Australia, Australia's first skyscraper to comprise at least 100 floors, and Melbourne's first building to be defined as a "supertall" skyscraper (buildings which reach heights of 300 metres to 600 metres). After 2020, the next tallest building (currently approved) will be One Queensbridge; with a height of 323 metres (1,060 ft) it will become the tallest building in Australia.
The proliferation of skyscrapers in Australia over the past decades has also contributed to the city rivalry between Sydney and Melbourne.[18] Whilst the first skyscraper in Australia was constructed in Sydney in 1967 (Australia Square), Melbourne has had the most skyscrapers above 150 metres in the country and indeed within Oceania, for almost 33 years in total; from 1972 to 1989 (equal first with Sydney during 1972–74 and 1976–77), from 1991 to 1999, in 2006 (shared with Sydney), and again since 2015 (equal to Sydney from 2015 to 2016).[19]
Height limits
Following much discussion, a 40-metre (130 ft) height limit was introduced to Melbourne in 1916, along with regulations concerning fire-proof construction. This is often said to have been the limit of fire ladders at the time, but this was an idea the then fire chief allowed to be widely circulated even though the tallest ladder rose to only 82 feet, in order to ensure that fire safety was paramount.[20] The main reasons for the limit as well as fire proofing were the preservation of light and air to the streets, avoiding congestion, and the influence of the City Beautiful movement, preferring evenly scaled streetscapes over those with buildings of varying heights.[21]
The height limit was discontinued in the 1950s, which enabled the construction of ICI House at a height of 81 metres (266 ft), and Melbourne therefore became the first city in Australia to change its height controls.[22]
In September 2015, the Minister for Planning, Richard Wynne, introduced a 12-month height limit of approximately 229 metres (750 ft) for all buildings proposed in the City Centre and segments of Southbank, as part of interim planning laws set to be reviewed and made permanent in September 2016.[23] Should projects exceed the height limit, developers will need to make a special case to the Minister, outlining the proposal's state significance.[24] Buildings proposed prior to the height limit, are exempt from the new law.[25]
Precincts
Precinct of Melbourne |
C | T-O | U-C | A | P |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Carlton | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
City Centre | 33 | 1 | 13 | 16 | 1 |
Docklands | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
Southbank | 8 | 0 | 4 | 14 | 5 |
South Melbourne | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 |
South Yarra | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
St Kilda Road | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Total | 42 | 1 | 19 | 34 | 7 |
The central business district skyline is broken down into two distinct sections: the east and west, divided by the Swanston Street.[26] The tallest buildings on the eastern side of the skyline are 120 Collins Street and 101 Collins Street, while the tallest on the western side are the Rialto Towers, 568 Collins Street and Bourke Place.
Significant new skylines have emerged outside of the Melbourne City Centre, especially within the inner-city suburb of Southbank. This precinct, located adjacent to the City Centre, includes some of the tallest buildings in Melbourne, such as Eureka Tower, Prima Pearl and Freshwater Place North.[27]
St Kilda Road, a locality of the City Centre (with a separate postal code) comprises one skyscraper above 150 metres in height, the Royal Domain Tower. Other inner-city suburbs, such as Carlton, Docklands, South Melbourne and South Yarra each have skyscrapers (of heights reaching at least 150 metres) in proposed/approved or construction stages of development.[28]
Functions
Most of Melbourne's skyscrapers constructed by the 1990s were built for commercial purposes—specifically, used as offices. Exceptions to this, include the mixed-use building Sofitel Hotel (1980) on Collins Place, and the all-hotel Crown Towers (1997) in Southbank.[29] 2005 ushered in the first residential skyscrapers in Melbourne, with two built that year.[30] By 2010, 72% of skyscrapers built in Melbourne were of commercial use, 12% residential, 12% mixed-use, and 4% hotel.[31] The trend towards residential skyscrapers has continued significantly; in 2015, 58% of skyscrapers present within the city were of commercial use, 26% residential, 13% mixed-use and 3% hotel.[32] These figures are set to change dramatically by 2020; when factoring those buildings still under-construction (but to be completed by 2020), 40% of the city's skyscrapers will be of residential use, 33% commercial, 23% mixed-use, 2% hotel, and 2% government.[33]
Completed
Overall
Melbourne comprises 42 skyscrapers completed or topped out within the city, which stand at least 150 metres (490 ft) tall, based on standard height measurement.[17] Such measurement includes spires and architectural details, but does not include antenna masts. An equal sign (=) following a rank indicates the same height between two or more buildings. An asterisk (*) indicates that the building is still under construction, but has topped out. The "completion" column indicates the year in which a building was completed. Height: S = Spire, R = Roof. Height is measured to the nearest metre.
Name (Street address) |
Image | Height | Total Floors | Built | Purpose | Location | Notes | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
S | R | ||||||||
1 | Eureka Tower (7 Riverside Quay) |
297.3 m (975 ft) |
91 | 2006 | Residential | Southbank 37°49′18″S 144°57′52″E / 37.82167°S 144.96444°E |
2nd-tallest building in Australia; tallest building in Australia to roof. First proposed in 1999, construction commenced in 2001. Completed in 2006, it was the world's tallest residential tower when measured to its highest floor, until surpassed by Ocean Heights in Dubai, and the 35th–tallest building in the world overall.[34] As of December 2016, it is the 15th-tallest residential building in the world.[12] Tallest residential building in Australia to roof. Tallest building completed during the 2000s.[35] Recipient of the 2006 Bronze Emporis Skyscraper Award.[36][37] | ||
2 | 120 Collins Street | 264.9 m (869 ft) |
222.2 m (729 ft) |
52 | 1991 | Office | City Centre 37°48′51.2″S 144°58′10.9″E / 37.814222°S 144.969694°E |
3rd-tallest building in Australia; 14th-tallest building in Australia to roof. First proposed in 1986, construction commenced in 1989. Completed in 1991, it became the 28th–tallest building in the world, and the tallest building in Australia, until the completion of Q1 on the Gold Coast, Queensland in 2005.[38] Tallest office building in Australia. Tallest building completed during the 1990s.[39][40][41] | |
3 | 101 Collins Street | 260 m (853 ft) |
195 m (640 ft) |
50 | 1991 | Office | City Centre 37°48′54″S 144°58′14.8″E / 37.81500°S 144.970778°E |
4th-tallest building in Australia; 24th-tallest building in Australia to roof. First proposed in 1987, construction commenced in 1988. Completed in 1991, it was the 33rd–tallest building in the world, and briefly reigned as the tallest building in Australia, until the completion of 120 Collins Street later in 1991.[38] Tied 2nd-tallest office building in Australia.[42][43][44] | |
4 | Prima Pearl (31–49 Queensbridge Square) |
254 m (833 ft) |
72 | 2014 | Residential | Southbank 37°49′22.6″S 144°57′41.0″E / 37.822944°S 144.961389°E |
6th-tallest building in Australia; 2nd-tallest building in Australia to roof. 2nd-tallest residential building in Australia to roof. First proposed in 2004, construction commenced in 2012 and it was completed in 2014. Tallest building completed during the 2010s.[45] | ||
5 | Rialto Towers (525 Collins Street) |
251.1 m (824 ft) |
63 | 1986 | Office | City Centre 37°49′7.4″S 144°57′26.9″E / 37.818722°S 144.957472°E |
7th-tallest building in Australia; 3rd-tallest building in Australia to roof. First proposed in c.1980, construction commenced in 1982. Completed in 1986, it became the tallest building in Australia and the 25th–tallest in the world,[46] until the former title was surpassed by 101 Collins Street in 1991. It remained the tallest building in Australia to roof, until the completion of the Eureka Tower, in 2006. Tallest building completed during the 1980s.[47][48] | ||
6 | Victoria One (452 Elizabeth Street) |
246.8 m (810 ft) |
78 | 2018 | Residential | City Centre 37°48′30.1″S 144°57′38.6″E / 37.808361°S 144.960722°E |
10th-tallest building in Australia; designed by Elenberg Fraser. First proposed in 2013, construction commenced in 2014, before being completed in 2018.[49][50][51][52] | ||
7 | Vision Apartments (500 Elizabeth Street) |
229 m (751 ft) |
70 | 2016 | Residential | City Centre 37°48′26″S 144°57′36.8″E / 37.80722°S 144.960222°E |
21st-tallest building in Australia. First proposed in 2011, construction commenced in 2013, before being completed in 2016.[53] | ||
8 (=) | 568 Collins Street | 224 m (735 ft) |
68 | 2015 | Mixed Use | City Centre 37°49′6.1″S 144°57′19.6″E / 37.818361°S 144.955444°E |
Equal 19th-tallest building in Australia; Equal 12th-tallest building in Australia to roof.[54] First proposed in 2011, construction commenced in 2012, before being completed in 2015.[55] | ||
Bourke Place (600 Bourke Street) |
224 m (735 ft) |
49 | 1991 | Office | City Centre 37°48′57″S 144°57′21.7″E / 37.81583°S 144.956028°E |
Equal 19th-tallest building in Australia; Equal 12th-tallest building in Australia to roof. Completed in 1991, it was the 89th–tallest building in the world.[56] A 30 m communications mast sits atop the building.[57] | |||
10 (=) | Light House Melbourne (450 Elizabeth Street) |
218 m (715 ft) |
69 | 2017 | Residential | City Centre 37°48′30.1″S 144°57′38.6″E / 37.808361°S 144.960722°E |
Equal–25th-tallest building in Australia; designed by Elenberg Fraser. First proposed in 2013, construction commenced in 2015, before completion in 2017.[58] | ||
Telstra Corporate Centre (242 Exhibition Street) |
218 m (715 ft) |
193 m (633 ft) |
47 | 1992 | Office | City Centre 37°48′34.1″S 144°58′10.9″E / 37.809472°S 144.969694°E |
Equal–25th-tallest building in Australia; 27th-tallest building in Australia to roof.[59][60] | ||
12 | Melbourne Central (350 Elizabeth Street) |
211 m (692 ft) |
53 | 1991 | Office | City Centre 37°48′39.2″S 144°57′43.2″E / 37.810889°S 144.962000°E |
27th-tallest building in Australia; 18th-tallest building in Australia to roof.[61] | ||
13 | Freshwater Place North (1 Queensbridge Square) |
205 m (673 ft) |
60 | 2005 | Residential | Southbank 37°49′18.7″S 144°57′41.5″E / 37.821861°S 144.961528°E |
29th-tallest building in Australia; 21st-tallest building in Australia to roof. Construction commenced in 2002, and the building was completed in 2005.[62] | ||
14 | Eq. Tower (127–141 A'Beckett Street) |
202 m (663 ft) |
63 | 2017 | Residential | City Centre 37°48′35.1″S 144°57′34.8″E / 37.809750°S 144.959667°E |
31st-tallest building in Australia; designed by Elenberg Fraser. First proposed in 2014, construction commenced in 2015, with a 2017 completion date.[63] | ||
15 | Empire Melbourne (398 Elizabeth Street) |
198.4 m (651 ft) |
62 | 2017 | Residential | City Centre 37°48′33.8″S 144°57′40.3″E / 37.809389°S 144.961194°E |
Designed by Hayball Architecture. First proposed in 2014, construction commenced in 2015. Completed in 2017.[64] | ||
16 (=) | Sofitel Hotel at Collins Place (35 Collins Street) |
188 m (617 ft) |
50 | 1980 | Mixed Use | City Centre 37°48′50″S 144°58′22.9″E / 37.81389°S 144.973028°E |
Completed in 1980, it became the city's tallest building, until it was surpassed by the Rialto Towers in 1986.[65][66] | ||
ANZ Tower at Collins Place (55 Collins Street) |
188 m (617 ft) |
46 | 1978 | Office | City Centre 37°48′51.6″S 144°58′20.6″E / 37.814333°S 144.972389°E |
Completed in 1978, it became the city's tallest building and the 93rd–tallest building in the world overall,[67] until the former title was surpassed by the Sofitel Hotel in 1980, also at Collins Place. First proposed in 1970, construction commenced in 1973, and it was completed in 1978. Tallest building completed during the 1970s.[65][68] | |||
18 | Abode318 (312–318 Russell Street) |
187.3 m (615 ft) |
57 | 2015 | Residential | City Centre 37°48′33.2″S 144°58′0.3″E / 37.809222°S 144.966750°E |
Designed by Elenberg Fraser. First proposed in 2007, construction commenced in 2011. Completed in 2015.[69] | ||
19 | Nauru House (80 Collins Street) |
182 m (597 ft) |
54 | 1977 | Office | City Centre 37°48′50.6″S 144°58′14.7″E / 37.814056°S 144.970750°E |
Completed in 1977, it briefly became the city's tallest building, until it was surpassed by the ANZ Tower at Collins Place in 1978.[65][70] | ||
20 | MY80 (410 Elizabeth Street) |
173 m (568 ft) |
55 | 2014 | Residential | City Centre 37°48′32.3″S 144°57′39.6″E / 37.808972°S 144.961000°E |
Designed by Hayball Architecture. First proposed in 2010, construction commenced in 2011, before being completed in 2014.[71] | ||
21 | Avant (54 A'Beckett Street) |
172 m (564 ft) |
55 | 2018 | Residential | City Centre 37°48′31.8″S 144°57′41.9″E / 37.808833°S 144.961639°E |
Designed by Elenberg Fraser. First proposed in 2015, construction commenced in 2016; having topped–out in February 2018, the project is expected to be completed in 2018.[72] | ||
22 | Upper West Side Tower 5 (33 Rose Lane) |
170 m (558 ft) |
53 | 2016 | Residential | City Centre 37°48′53.6″S 144°57′14.1″E / 37.814889°S 144.953917°E |
Tallest building of the Upper West Side complex. Building also referred to as 'Manhattan'. First proposed in 2011, construction commenced in 2013, before being completed in 2016.[73] | ||
23 | 385 Bourke Street | 169 m (554 ft) |
45 | 1983 | Office | City Centre 37°48′53.1″S 144°57′46.3″E / 37.814750°S 144.962861°E |
Designed by Norman Disney & Young[74] | ||
24 | Zen Apartments (27 Therry Street) |
167.8 m (551 ft) |
50 | 2012 | Residential | City Centre 37°48′25″S 144°57′39.8″E / 37.80694°S 144.961056°E |
Designed by Urban Design Architects. First proposed in 2008, construction commenced in 2009, before being completed in 2012.[75] | ||
25 (=) | Platinum Tower One (245–263 City Road) |
167 m (548 ft) |
52 | 2016 | Residential | Southbank 37°49′36.5″S 144°57′33.9″E / 37.826806°S 144.959417°E |
Designed by Squillace. First proposed in 2011, construction commenced in 2014, before being completed in 2016.[76] | ||
530 Collins Street | 167 m (548 ft) |
43 | 1991 | Office | City Centre 37°49′4″S 144°57′24.4″E / 37.81778°S 144.956778°E |
Designed by Peddle Thorp Architects[77] | |||
27 | Casselden Place (2 Lonsdale Street) |
166 m (545 ft) |
43 | 1992 | Office | City Centre 37°48′33.5″S 144°58′17.6″E / 37.809306°S 144.971556°E |
Designed by HASSELL[78] | ||
28 | The Fifth (605–613 Lonsdale Street) |
165.5 m (543 ft) |
51 | 2017 | Residential | City Centre 37°48′56″S 144°57′11″E / 37.81556°S 144.95306°E |
First proposed in 2014, construction commenced in 2015. Completed in 2017.[79] | ||
39 | Ernst & Young Tower (8 Exhibition Street, Melbourne) |
164.7 m (540 ft) |
40 | 2005 | Mixed Use | City Centre 37°48′55.4″S 144°58′22″E / 37.815389°S 144.97278°E |
Designed by Denton Corker Marshall.[43] First proposed in 2001, construction commenced in 2003. Completed in 2005.[80] | ||
30 | 35 Spring Street | 164.4 m (539 ft) |
43 | 2017 | Residential | City Centre 37°48′51″S 144°58′26.5″E / 37.81417°S 144.974028°E |
First proposed in 2013, construction commenced in 2014. Completed in 2017.[81][82] | ||
31 | SX Stage 1 (121 Exhibition Street) |
163 m (535 ft) |
40 | 2005 | Office | City Centre 37°48′45.4″S 144°58′13.2″E / 37.812611°S 144.970333°E |
Designed by Woods Bagot Melbourne. Construction commenced in 2003, and it was completed in 2005.[83] | ||
32 (=) | Royal Domain Tower (368 St Kilda Road) |
162 m (531 ft) |
43 | 2005 | Residential | St Kilda Road 37°49′54.2″S 144°58′16.3″E / 37.831722°S 144.971194°E |
Tallest building within the St Kilda Road precinct of Melbourne, and only building to reach a height of 150 metres in this precinct. Designed by Meinhardt Group. Construction commenced in 2003, and it was completed in 2005.[84] | ||
ANZ World Headquarters (100 Queen Street) |
162 m (531 ft) |
37 | 1993 | Office | City Centre 37°48′59.7″S 144°57′42.3″E / 37.816583°S 144.961750°E |
Designed by Peddle Thorp Architects[85] | |||
34 | National Bank House (500 Bourke Street) |
161 m (528 ft) |
40 | 1978 | Office | City Centre 37°48′54.4″S 144°57′31.6″E / 37.815111°S 144.958778°E |
[86] | ||
35 | 2 Southbank Boulevard | 160.8 m (528 ft) |
40 | 2005 | Office | Southbank 37°49′17.5″S 144°57′44.8″E / 37.821528°S 144.962444°E |
Designed by Bates Smart. Construction commenced in 2002, and it was completed in 2005.[87] | ||
36 | Verve 501 Swanston Tower (501 Swanston Street) |
159 m (522 ft) |
45 | 2006 | Mixed Use | City Centre 37°48′24.8″S 144°57′42.4″E / 37.806889°S 144.961778°E |
Designed by Urban Design Architects. Construction commenced in 2004, and it was completed in 2006.[88] | ||
37 | Upper West Side Tower 2 (Lonsdale Street) |
156 m (512 ft) |
50 | 2014 | Residential | City Centre 37°48′54.5″S 144°57′14″E / 37.815139°S 144.95389°E |
3rd-tallest building of the Upper West Side complex. Building also referred to as 'Madison'. Construction commenced in 2011, and it was completed in 2014.[89] | ||
38 (=) | Shadow Play (105 Clarendon Street) |
153 m (502 ft) |
52 | 2018 | Residential | Southbank 37°49′37.5″S 144°57′29.2″E / 37.827083°S 144.958111°E |
First proposed in 2015, construction commenced in 2015. Completed in 2018.[90][91] | ||
Southbank Central (1–11 Balston Street) |
153 m (502 ft) |
48 | 2017 | Residential | Southbank 37°49′30.6″S 144°57′41.1″E / 37.825167°S 144.961417°E |
First proposed in 2014, construction commenced in 2015. Completed in 2017.[92] | |||
Optus Centre (367 Collins Street) |
153 m (502 ft) |
34 | 1975 | Office | City Centre 37°49′1.8″S 144°57′44.7″E / 37.817167°S 144.962417°E |
Completed in 1975, it became the city's tallest building, until it was surpassed by Nauru House in 1977.[65][93] | |||
41 (=) | Crown Towers (8 Whiteman Street) |
152.5 m (500 ft) |
43 | 1997 | Hotel | Southbank 37°49′20.4″S 144°57′37.3″E / 37.822333°S 144.960361°E |
Tallest of three Crown hotels in Melbourne. Tallest all-hotel building in Australia.[94] Designed by Hudson Conway Architects and Daryl Jackson.[95] | ||
140 William Street | 152.5 m (500 ft) |
41 | 1972 | Office | City Centre 37°48′57″S 144°57′31.8″E / 37.81583°S 144.958833°E |
Construction commenced in 1969; completed in 1972, it became the city's tallest building, until it was surpassed by Optus Centre in 1975, by 50 centimetres.[65][96][97] Recipient of the RVIA Victorian Architects award in 1975.[98] | |||
43 | Urban Workshop Lonsdale (50 Lonsdale Street) |
150 m (492 ft) |
34 | 2005 | Office | City Centre 37°48′33.4″S 144°58′14.4″E / 37.809278°S 144.970667°E |
Designed by HASSELL, John Wardle Architects and B+N Group[99] |
Tallest buildings by precinct
This lists the tallest building in each precinct of Melbourne based on standard height measurement.
Rank | Name | Height | Storeys | Precinct of Melbourne |
Completion | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
List | ||||||
1 | 1 | Eureka Tower | 297.3 m (975 ft) | 91 | Southbank | 2006[37] |
2 | 2 | 120 Collins Street | 264.9 m (869 ft) | 52 | City Centre | 1991[39] |
3 | =32 | Royal Domain Tower | 162 m (531 ft) | 43 | St Kilda Road | 2005[84] |
4 | — | KPMG Collins Square | 145 m (476 ft) | 36 | Docklands | 2016[100] |
5 | — | Vogue | 126 m (413 ft) | 31 | South Yarra | 2012[101] |
6 | — | Portrait | 115 m (377 ft) | 33 | Carlton | 2015[102] |
7 | — | Fifty Albert | 98.1 m (322 ft) | 30 | South Melbourne | 2013[103] |
Tallest buildings by function
This lists the tallest buildings in Melbourne by their respective functions—office, hotel, residential and mixed-use—based on standard height measurement.
Rank | Name | Height | Storeys | Function | Completion | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
List | ||||||
1 | 1 | Eureka Tower | 297.3 m (975 ft) | 91 | Residential | 2006[37] |
2 | 2 | 120 Collins Street | 264.9 m (869 ft) | 52 | Office | 1991[39] |
3 | =8 | 568 Collins Street | 224 m (735 ft) | 68 | Mixed-use | 2015[55] |
4 | =40 | Crown Towers | 152.5 m (500 ft) | 43 | Hotel | 1997[95] |
Skyscrapers at least 200 metres in height
Melbourne comprises 14 skyscrapers (completed or topped-out) which reach a height of at least 200 metres (660 ft)—more than any other city within Australia and Oceania. Of those, eleven skyscrapers are located within the City Centre, and three are located within Southbank. Another nine skyscrapers are currently under construction, six of which are to be built in the City Centre, two in Southbank, and one in Carlton.
List of skyscrapers which stand at least 200 metres in height | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rank | Building | Height | Built | Location | |
1 | Australia 108 | 316.7 m (1,039 ft) | 2020 | Southbank | |
2 | Eureka Tower | 297.3 m (975 ft) | 2006 | Southbank | |
3 | West Side Place Tower 1 | 270 m (890 ft) | 2022 | City Centre | |
4 | Aurora Melbourne Central | 269.6 m (885 ft) | 2019 | City Centre | |
5 | 120 Collins Street | 264.9 m (869 ft) | 1991 | City Centre | |
6 | 101 Collins Street | 260 m (850 ft) | 1991 | City Centre | |
7 | Prima Pearl | 254 m (833 ft) | 2014 | Southbank | |
8 | Rialto Towers | 251.1 m (824 ft) | 1986 | City Centre | |
9 | Queens Place | 249.9 m (820 ft) | 2020 | City Centre | |
10 | Premier Tower | 248.6 m (816 ft) | 2020 | City Centre | |
11 | Victoria One | 246.8 m (810 ft) | 2018 | City Centre | |
12 | Swanston Central | 236.7 m (777 ft) | 2019 | Carlton | |
13 | Melbourne Square Tower 2 | 231 m (758 ft) | 2021 | Southbank | |
14 | Vision Apartments | 229 m (751 ft) | 2016 | City Centre | |
15 | 568 Collins Street | 224 m (735 ft) | 2015 | City Centre | |
Bourke Place | 224 m (735 ft) | 1991 | City Centre | ||
17 | Light House Melbourne | 218 m (715 ft) | 2017 | City Centre | |
Telstra Corporate Centre | 218 m (715 ft) | 1992 | City Centre | ||
19 | 380 Melbourne | 217.5 m (714 ft) | 2020 | City Centre | |
20 | West Side Place Tower 2 | 211 m (692 ft) | 2022 | City Centre | |
Melbourne Central | 211 m (692 ft) | 1991 | City Centre | ||
22 | Freshwater Place North | 205 m (673 ft) | 2005 | Southbank | |
23 | EQ Tower | 202 m (663 ft) | 2017 | City Centre |
Historical tallest buildings
This section lists the ten tallest buildings in Melbourne for every decade since 1990. By 1980, all buildings within the top-10 listing reached a height of 100 metres (330 ft); in 1995, the threshold increased to 150 metres (490 ft); and again in 2015, to 200 metres (660 ft).
1990[104] | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Rank | Building | Height | Built | Diagram |
1 | Rialto Towers | 251.1 m (824 ft) | 1986 | |
2 | Sofitel Hotel | 188 m (617 ft) | 1980 | |
ANZ Tower | 188 m (617 ft) | 1978 | ||
4 | Nauru House | 182 m (597 ft) | 1977 | |
5 | 385 Bourke Street | 169 m (554 ft) | 1983 | |
6 | National Bank House | 161 m (528 ft) | 1978 | |
7 | Optus Centre | 153 m (502 ft) | 1975 | |
8 | 140 William Street | 152.5 m (500 ft) | 1972 | |
9 | 360 Collins Street | 142 m (466 ft) | 1978 | |
10 | 1 Spring Street | 132 m (433 ft) | 1988 | |
2000[105] | ||||
Rank | Building | Height | Built | Diagram |
1 | 120 Collins Street | 264.9 m (869 ft) | 1991 | |
2 | 101 Collins Street | 260 m (850 ft) | 1991 | |
3 | Rialto Towers | 251.1 m (824 ft) | 1986 | |
4 | Bourke Place | 224 m (735 ft) | 1991 | |
5 | Telstra Corporate Centre | 218 m (715 ft) | 1992 | |
6 | Melbourne Central | 211 m (692 ft) | 1991 | |
7 | Sofitel Hotel | 188 m (617 ft) | 1980 | |
ANZ Tower | 188 m (617 ft) | 1978 | ||
9 | Nauru House | 182 m (597 ft) | 1977 | |
10 | 385 Bourke Street | 169 m (554 ft) | 1983 | |
2010[106] | ||||
Rank | Building | Height | Built | Diagram |
1 | Eureka Tower | 297.3 m (975 ft) | 2006 | |
2 | 120 Collins Street | 264.9 m (869 ft) | 1991 | |
3 | 101 Collins Street | 260 m (850 ft) | 1991 | |
4 | Rialto Towers | 251.1 m (824 ft) | 1986 | |
5 | Bourke Place | 224 m (735 ft) | 1991 | |
6 | Telstra Corporate Centre | 218 m (715 ft) | 1992 | |
7 | Melbourne Central | 211 m (692 ft) | 1991 | |
8 | Freshwater Place North | 205 m (673 ft) | 2005 | |
9 | Sofitel Hotel | 188 m (617 ft) | 1980 | |
ANZ Tower | 188 m (617 ft) | 1978 | ||
2020[107] | ||||
Rank | Building | Height | Built | Diagram |
1 | Australia 108 | 316.7 m (1,039 ft) | 2020 | |
2 | Eureka Tower | 297.3 m (975 ft) | 2006 | |
3 | Aurora Melbourne Central | 269.6 m (885 ft) | 2019 | |
4 | 120 Collins Street | 264.9 m (869 ft) | 1991 | |
5 | 101 Collins Street | 260 m (850 ft) | 1991 | |
6 | Prima Pearl | 254 m (833 ft) | 2014 | |
7 | Rialto Towers | 251 m (823 ft) | 1986 | |
8 | Premier Tower | 249 m (817 ft) | 2020 | |
9 | Victoria One | 246.8 m (810 ft) | 2018 | |
10 | Swanston Central | 236.7 m (777 ft) | 2019 |
Timeline of tallest buildings
This lists buildings that once held the title of "tallest building in Melbourne".
Name | Image | Years as tallest | Height | floors | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Kew Asylum | 1871–76 | 30 m (98 ft) | 5 | [108] | |
Yorkshire Brewery Tower | 1876–88 | 34 m (112 ft) | 8 | [108][96] | |
Fink's Building | 1888–89 | 43 m (141 ft) | 10 | Demolished in 1897[108][109] | |
The Australian Building | 1889–1932 | 53 m (174 ft) | 12 | Demolished in 1980[108][96] | |
Manchester Unity Building | 1932–58 | 64 m (210 ft) | 13 | [108][110] | |
Orica House | 1958–62 | 81 m (266 ft) | 20 | Tallest building in Australia (1958–61)[111][96] | |
CRA Building | 1962–69 | 99 m (325 ft) | 26 | Demolished in c.1980[108][112][113] | |
AMP Square | 1969–71 | 113.4 m (372 ft) | 28 | [108][96][114][115] | |
Marland House | 1971–72 | 121 m (397 ft) | 32 | [108][96][116][117] | |
140 William Street | 1972–75 | 152.5 m (500 ft) | 41 | [108][96][108][97] | |
Optus Centre | 1975–77 | 153 m (502 ft) | 34 | [108][93] | |
Nauru House | 1977–78 | 182 m (597 ft) | 52 | [108][70] | |
ANZ Tower at Collins Place | 1978–80 | 188 m (617 ft) | 56 | [108][68] | |
Sofitel Hotel at Collins Place | 1980–86 | 188 m (617 ft) | 50 | [66] | |
Rialto Towers | 1986–91 | 251.1 m (824 ft) | 63 | Tallest building in Australia (1986–91), tallest building in Australia to roof (1986–2006)[108][47] | |
101 Collins Street | 1991 | 260 m (850 ft) | 50 | Tallest building in Australia (1991)[108][42] | |
120 Collins Street | 1991–2006 | 264.9 m (869 ft) | 52 | Tallest building in Australia (1991–2005)[108][39] | |
Eureka Tower | 2006–present | 297.3 m (975 ft) | 91 | Tallest building in Australia to roof (2006–present)[108][37] |
Major future projects
This is a list of currently Topped Out, Under Construction, Approved and Proposed highrise / skyscrapers set for Melbourne.[118]
Topped Out | Under Construction | Approved | Proposed |
Name | Height | Storeys | Purpose | Precinct of Melbourne |
Completion | Status | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
m | ft | ||||||
Southbank by Beulah Tower 1 | 356.2 | 1,169 | TBA | Mixed Use | Southbank | TBA | Proposed[119][120] |
Magic | 330 | 1,080 | 60 | Residential | Carlton | TBA | Proposed[121] |
One Queensbridge | 323.6 | 1,062 | 90 | Mixed Use | Southbank | TBA | Approved[122][123] |
Australia 108 | 316.7 | 1,039 | 100 | Residential | Southbank | 2020[124] | Under Construction[125] |
25–35 Power Street | 280 | 920 | 71 | Mixed Use | Southbank | TBA | Approved[126][127] |
West Side Place Tower 1 | 270 | 890 | 81 | Mixed Use | City Centre | 2022 | Under Construction[128][129][130] |
Aurora Melbourne Central | 269.6 | 885 | 88 | Residential | City Centre | 2019 | Under Construction[131][132][133] |
Southbank by Beulah Tower 2 | 256.2 | 841 | TBA | Mixed Use | Southbank | TBA | Proposed[119][120] |
280 Queen Street | 251.8 | 826 | 80 | Residential | City Centre | TBA | Approved[134][135] |
Queens Place South Tower | 251 | 823 | 79 | Residential | City Centre | TBA | Approved[136][137][138] |
Queens Place North Tower | 249.9 | 820 | 79 | Residential | City Centre | 2020 | Under Construction[136][138][139] |
Premier Tower | 248.6 | 816 | 78 | Residential | City Centre | 2020 | Under Construction[140] |
Elysium | 243.8 | 800 | 75 | Residential | Southbank | TBA | Approved[141][142][143] |
383 La Trobe Street | 242 | 794 | 70 | Mixed Use | City Centre | TBA | Approved[144][145] |
Swanston Central | 236.7 | 777 | 72 | Residential | Carlton | 2019 | Under Construction[146][147][148] |
51–65 Clarke Street | 233 | 764 | 73 | Residential | Southbank | TBA | Approved[149][150][151] |
308 Exhibition Street Tower 1 | 232 | 761 | 70 | Residential | City Centre | TBA | Approved[152][153] |
West Side Place Tower 4 | 230 | 750 | 68 | Residential | City Centre | TBA | Approved[154][155] |
295 City Road | 228 | 748 | 70 | Residential | Southbank | TBA | Approved[156][157] |
Melbourne Square Tower 1 | 226 | 741 | 72 | Residential | Southbank | TBA | Approved[158][159][160] |
Melbourne Square Tower 2 | 226 | 741 | 72 | Residential | Southbank | 2021 | Under Construction[159][161] |
71–87 City Road | 224.6 | 737 | 67 | Residential | Southbank | TBA | Proposed[162] |
308 Exhibition Street Tower 2 | 222 | 728 | 70 | Residential | City Centre | TBA | Approved[152][153] |
640 Bourke Street | 220 | 720 | 68 | Mixed | City Centre | TBA | Approved[163][164] |
380 Melbourne | 217.5 | 714 | 67 | Residential | City Centre | 2020 | Under Construction[165][166][167] |
158 City Road | 218 | 715 | 65 | Residential | Southbank | TBA | Approved[168] |
97 Franklin Street | 216 | 709 | 62 | Residential | City Centre | TBA | Approved[169] |
303 La Trobe Street | 213 | 699 | 66 | Residential | City Centre | TBA | Approved[170][171] |
West Side Place Tower 2 | 211 | 692 | 75 | Residential | City Centre | 2022 | Under Construction[130] |
295–309 King Street | 210.6 | 691 | 63 | Residential | City Centre | TBA | Approved[172][173] |
111–125 A'Beckett Street | 210 | 690 | 65 | Residential | City Centre | TBA | Approved[174][175] |
West Side Place Tower 3 | 210 | 690 | 63 | Residential | City Centre | TBA | Approved[129][154][155] |
272 Queen Street | 210 | 690 | 62 | Mixed Use | City Centre | TBA | Approved[176] |
88 Melbourne | 208.5 | 684 | 60 | Residential | Southbank | TBA | Approved[177][178] |
63 Exhibition Street | 204 | 669 | 58 | Residential | City Centre | TBA | Proposed[179] |
256–260 City Road | 193 | 633 | 61 | Residential | Southbank | TBA | Approved[180][181][182] |
334–344 City Road | 190 | 620 | 57 | Residential | Southbank | TBA | Approved[183][184] |
Collins House | 189.6 | 622 | 61 | Residential | City Centre | 2019 | Under Construction[185][186] |
556–558 Lonsdale Street | 189 | 620 | 57 | Residential | City Centre | 2020 | Under Construction[187][188] |
140 King Street | 188 | 617 | 57 | Residential | City Centre | TBA | Approved[189][190] |
268–274 City Road | 187.1 | 614 | 55 | Residential | Southbank | TBA | Approved[191] |
80–82 Collins Street | 187 | 614 | 36 | Office | City Centre | 2019 | Under Construction[192][193] |
582–606 Collins Street | 185.5 | 609 | 54 | Mixed Use | City Centre | TBA | Approved[194][195] |
Melbourne Square Tower 5 | 180 | 590 | 54 | Hotel | Southbank | TBA | Approved[158][159][160] |
Capitol Grand | 177.8 | 583 | 50 | Residential | South Yarra | 2019 | Under Construction[196][197][198] |
Melbourne Square Tower 3 | 175 | 574 | 56 | Residential | Southbank | 2021 | Under Construction[159][161] |
Melbourne Square Tower 4 | 175 | 574 | 56 | Residential | Southbank | TBA | Approved[158][159][160] |
60–82 Johnson Street Twin Towers 1 | 175 | 574 | 51 | Residential | South Melbourne | TBA | Approved[199][200] |
60–82 Johnson Street Twin Towers 2 | 175 | 574 | 51 | Residential | South Melbourne | TBA | Approved[199][200] |
32 Flinders Street | 174 | 571 | 54 | Residential | City Centre | TBA | Approved[201][202] |
Avant | 172 | 564 | 55 | Residential | City Centre | 2018 | Topped Out[72][203] |
87–105 Queensbridge | 171.6 | 563 | 51 | Residential | Southbank | TBA | Proposed[204] |
Victoria Police Centre Tower 2 | 171 | 561 | 40 | Office | City Centre | 2020 | Under Construction[205] |
228–238 Normanby Road | 164.3 | 539 | 49 | Residential | South Melbourne | TBA | Approved[206][207] |
405 Bourke Street | 161 | 528 | 39 | Office | City Centre | 2020 | Under Construction[208][209][210] |
Southbank Place | 159 | 522 | 52 | Residential | Southbank | 2018 | Under Construction[211][212] |
477 Collins Street | 158 | 518 | 38 | Office | City Centre | 2019 | Under Construction[213][214] |
57 Haig Street | 155.7 | 511 | 47 | Residential | Southbank | TBA | Approved[215][216] |
Paragon | 155 | 509 | 48 | Residential | City Centre | 2020 | Under Construction[217] |
Questo | 151 | 495 | 48 | Residential | Southbank | TBA | Proposed[218][219] |
85–93 Lorimer Street | 150 | 490 | 49 | Residential | Docklands | TBA | Approved[220][221] |
Major cancelled, revised, or vision projects
This is a list of cancelled, revised or vision skyscraper proposals that were previously set for Melbourne.
Revised | Cancelled | Vision |
Name | Height | Storeys | Purpose | Precinct of Melbourne |
Proposed | Status | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
m | ft | ||||||
Grollo Tower | 680 | 2,230 | 137 | Mixed Use | Docklands | 1997 | Cancelled[222] |
South Pacific Centre | 610 | 2,000 | 150 | Mixed Use | Docklands | — | Vision[223] |
Grollo Tower | 560 | 1,840 | 113 | Mixed Use | Docklands | 2001 | Cancelled[222] |
555 Collins Street | 404 | 1,325 | 82 | Office | City Centre | 2013 | Revised[224][225] |
Australia 108 | 388 | 1,273 | 108 | Mixed Use | Southbank | 2012 | Revised[224] |
Victoria Central Tower | 380 | 1,250 | 80 | Mixed Use | City Centre | — | Cancelled[226] |
Urban Tree | 360 | 1,180 | TBC | Mixed Use | Southbank | 2018 | Vision[120] |
The Lanescraper | 359.6 | 1,180 | TBC | Mixed Use | Southbank | 2018 | Vision[120] |
Stack | 359 | 1,178 | TBC | Mixed Use | Southbank | 2018 | Vision[120] |
Green Spine Tower 1 | 356.2 | 1,169 | TBC | Mixed Use | Southbank | 2018 | Vision[120] |
The Base | 345 | 1,132 | TBC | Mixed Use | Southbank | 2018 | Vision[120] |
Melbourne Plaza | 338 | 1,109 | 53 | Office | City Centre | — | Cancelled[227] |
The Beulah Propeller City | 335 | 1,099 | TBC | Mixed Use | Southbank | 2018 | Vision[120] |
Queensbridge Tower | 308 | 1,010 | 84 | Mixed Use | Southbank | 2011 | Revised[228][123] |
433–455 Collins Street | 300 | 980 | – | Mixed Use | City Centre | 2014 | Cancelled[229] |
555 Collins Street | 298 | 978 | 91 | Mixed Use | City Centre | 2014 | Revised[230][225] |
Green Spine Tower 2 | 252.2 | 827 | TBC | Mixed Use | Southbank | 2018 | Vision[120] |
Tower Melbourne | 226 | 741 | 71 | Residential | City Centre | 2012 | Cancelled[231][232] |
447 Collins Street Twin Towers 1 | 165 | 541 | 47 | Office | City Centre | 2015 | Revised[233][234] |
447 Collins Street Twin Towers 2 | 165 | 541 | 47 | Office | City Centre | 2015 | Revised[233][234] |
See also
- Architecture of Melbourne
- List of tallest buildings in Australia
- List of tallest buildings in Oceania
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- ^ Paragon - The Skyscraper Center. Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat. Retrieved 11 August 2018.
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- ^ 56–62 Clarendon Street, Southbank. UrbanMelbourne.info. Retrieved 27 May 2017.
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- ^ a b Grollo Tower. Emporis. Retrieved 26 March 2016.
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- ^ a b Collins Arch - The Skyscraper Center. Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat. Retrieved 10 April 2018.
External links
Media related to Skyscrapers in Melbourne at Wikimedia Commons