Pakubuwono X
Pakubuwono X (also transliterated Pakubuwana X, sometimes abbreviated 'PBX[1] (29 November 1866 – 20 February 1939) was the tenth Susuhunan (ruler of Surakarta).
Politics
His reign corresponded with the political changes happening in the Dutch East Indies at the time, in particular the growth of local indigenous political organizations such as Budi Utomo and Sarekat Islam of which he and the royal family were patrons. [2]
Family
Pakubuwono X was known to have many concubines, but his main consort was GKR Hemas, the daughter of Sultan Hamengkubuwono VII of Yogyakarta. He was also known major contributor to improvements at the Royal Graveyard of Imogiri, where he himself is buried.
Name sequence
His correct title in Javanese etiquette standards contains honorific appellations, some of which each successive ruler inherits. He reigned from 1893 to 1939 and was the longest ruling Susuhanan of Surakarta to his time.[3]
Names in Javanese royalty are adjusted with status changes.
- 1866-1884: Raden Mas Gusti Sayyid ud-din Malik ul-Kusna
- 1884-1890: Lieutenant-Colonel Raden Mas Gusti Sayyid ud-din Malik ul-Kusna
- 1890-1893: Colonel Raden Mas Gusti Sayyid ud-din Malik ul-Kusna
- 1893-1923: Major-General His Highness Sampeyan Dalam ingkang Sinuhun ingkang Minula saha ingkang Wijaksana Kanjeng Susuhanan Prabhu Sri Pakubuwono X Senapati ing Alaga Ngah 'Abdu'l-Rahman Saiyid ud-din Panatagama, Susuhanan of Surakarta
- 1923-1932: Lieutenant-General His Highness Sampeyan Dalam ingkang Sinuhun ingkang Minula saha ingkang Wijaksana Kanjeng Susuhanan Prabhu Sri Pakubuwono X Senapati ing Alaga Ngah 'Abdu'l-Rahman Saiyid ud-din Panatagama, Susuhanan of Surakarta
- 1932-1939: Lieutenant-General His Princely Highness Sampeyan Dalam ingkang Sinuhun ingkang Minula saha ingkang Wijaksana Kanjeng Susuhanan Prabhu Sri Pakubuwono X Senapati ing Alaga Ngah 'Abdu'l-Rahman Saiyid ud-din Panatagama, Susuhanan of Surakarta
Honours
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Pakubuwono X received many honours from foreign countries.
Death and funeral train
When PB X his coffin was delivered between Surakarta and Yogyakarta by a NIS train. His coffins trip to Imogiri was one of the most photographed royal funeral processions of rulers of his ers.
See also
Notes
- ^ "PB XIII Tegaskan Lembaga Adat Sudah Dihapus Sejak PB X". Tribun (in Indonesian). Yogyakarta. 27 May 2012. Retrieved 28 August 2012.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|trans_title=ignored (|trans-title=suggested) (help) - ^ Lawson, George D. (George Donald); Koninklijk Instituut voor Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde (Netherlands) (1987), Prelude to revolution : palaces and politics in Surakarta, 1912-1942, Foris Publications, ISBN 978-90-6765-217-9
- ^ a b "solo8". royalark.net.
Further reading
Miksic, John (general ed.), et al. (2006) Karaton Surakarta. A look into the court of Surakarta Hadiningrat, central Java (First published: 'By the will of His Serene Highness Paku Buwono XII'. Surakarta: Yayasan Pawiyatan Kabudayan Karaton Surakarta, 2004) Marshall Cavendish Editions Singapore ISBN 981-261-226-2
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
| Other | |
- 1866 births
- 1939 deaths
- Burials at Imogiri
- Susuhunan of Surakarta
- Recipients of the Royal Order of Cambodia
- Grand Crosses of the Order of Leopold II
- Commanders of the Order of the Dannebrog
- Commanders of the Order of the Black Star
- Recipients of the Order of the Double Dragon
- Grand Crosses of the Order of the Star of Anjouan