Trespass (album)
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Trespass is the second studio album from the English rock band Genesis. It was released in October 1970 on Charisma Records and is their last album with guitarist Anthony Phillips, and their only one with drummer John Mayhew.
Genesis turned professional in autumn 1969, and began to rehearse intensely and play live shows. After several months of touring, including a residency at Ronnie Scott's, they secured a recording contract with Charisma Records and entered Trident Studios in London in July 1970 to record Trespass. The music marked a departure from more pop-oriented songs as displayed on their first album From Genesis to Revelation, towards folk-flavoured progressive rock. This ranged from light acoustic pieces with multiple twelve-string guitars to the heavier live favourite "The Knife". The cover was the first of several to be designed by Paul Whitehead, featuring a knife slashed across the cover.
Shortly after recording, Phillips decided to leave the group, which almost caused Genesis to split. After discussions, they agreed to carry on, replacing Mayhew with Phil Collins. Trespass was not a major success upon release; it failed to chart in the UK and the US and it received some mixed reviews from critics, but it was commercially successful in Belgium, which helped sustain the band's career. A reissue briefly charted the top 100 in the early 1980s.
Background and recording
In August 1969, Genesis decided to become a professional band.[1] They split from producer Jonathan King and decided to write more complex material than the straightforward pop on their first album. Gabriel later said "I think there was always inside of us a yearning to explore, to push the boundaries and to mix styles."[2] The group bought new equipment including a bass guitar and a Hammond organ and recorded some songs in Regent Studios as a demo, including "White Mountain" and "Family" (which later became "Dusk"). The line-up during this time was founding members, lead vocalist Peter Gabriel, guitarist Anthony Phillips, bassist Mike Rutherford, keyboardist Tony Banks along with drummer John Silver who then left to study in the US.[1]
In September, Genesis played their first live shows as a professional band, touring the local club and university circuit, with new drummer John Mayhew.[3] The eldest and more experienced musician, Mayhew was from a different background than the rest of the band and Phillips recalled that despite their efforts in making him feel comfortable, the drummer was unsure of his playing.[4] In early 1970, they secured a six-week residency at Ronnie Scott's jazz club in Soho, London, during which they were spotted by Charisma Records producer John Anthony, who persuaded label boss Tony Stratton-Smith to sign them.[5] The group wanted to branch out from their earlier pop-oriented style and write and perform songs that were unlike any other band at the time.[6] Rutherford later said that gigging was "tough, but a good way of getting the music into shape".[7] Two songs that made it to the next album, "Looking for Someone" and "Stagnation" were recorded for a BBC session in February 1970.[8]
After several months of subsequent gigs, Genesis had enough material written and in June, retreated to Trident Studios in London to record a new album. Anthony joined them as their producer and recording engineer, and all the songs were recorded onto 16-track tape.[6] Phillips recalled that recording was only "slightly more sophisticated" than From Genesis to Revelation, and recalled Anthony disliked having someone "drop in" their individual parts. He remembered a session whereby Rutherford had to listen through several minutes of the track before putting down a guitar part, by which time he had become too nervous and played it incorrectly.[9] The group had enough material to record two albums, but felt some songs were not strong enough and instead selected the strongest material for Trespass.[6][10] Recording took up most of the month, trying various ideas and re-arranging songs, to the extent that Charisma thought they had taken up residence in the studio.[11] They worked well with Anthony, and later recalled that his contributions to recording were important and helped shape the album.[12]
Songs
The songs on the album originated from one or two members bringing along ideas to develop, or the group working out an arrangement as a whole. Banks later said that "we had played live quite a bit and every song on the album had been performed on stage. We had a selection of at least twice as many songs as appeared on the album, and the versions changed rapidly."[6] Rutherford said recording the already composed songs in the studio made the process a frustrating one because it offered little room to change its sound, arrangement, or direction.[13] The band drew from Gabriel's soul influences, along classical, pop and folk music, and made regular use of Phillips and Rutherford's twelve-string guitar playing.[2] Gabriel was particularly fond of the combined twelve-string guitars which he thought made group achieve a more unique and innovative sound.[14] The group's songwriting during this period often originated in pairs, with Phillips and Rutherford, and Banks and Gabriel developing songs separately and presented them to the group for further development.[15]
The album opens with "Looking For Someone", beginning with Gabriel's vocal accompanied only by an organ, later described as being "idiosyncratic enough to set them apart from the herd within seconds".[16] He came up with the song which was then extended and developed by the group, starting with soul influences which move towards folk as it progresses.[17] The coda at the end of the song was written by the group as a whole.[18] Paul Stump wrote in 1997 that there is "the barefaced presence of a riff" from "I Am the Walrus" by The Beatles in the song.[19]
"White Mountain" and "Dusk" had been worked out by Banks and Rutherford before deciding to record the album. The whole group worked on the music for "Stagnation", originally called "Movement", that Gabriel added lyrics to.[20] "Visions of Angels" was recorded for the previous album From Genesis to Revelation, but not used as the band did not think any takes of it were good enough, so it was re-recorded for Trespass.[15] It originated from 1968 a piano piece by Phillips at a time when his piano technique was limited, but could produce a "plodding" style similar to songs by The Beach Boys and The Beatles.[21] It has a more straightforward verse/chorus structure than some of the other songs.[22][23] "Stagnation" and "Dusk" showed Phillips and Rutherford's combined twelve-string sound, along with Banks taking a lead on piano, organ and Mellotron. This subsequently became a trademark of early Genesis.[24] Rutherford later recalled there were around ten acoustic guitars on part of "Stagnation", but they cancelled each other out in the final mix.[25] Gabriel described the track as a "journey song" with its lack of a more typical verse/chorus structure and the variety of mood changes it presents.[26] At one point during its development the song was around 13 minutes long before sections were removed or altered, but the introduction remained unchanged.[27]
"The Knife" was written by Gabriel and Banks. It was originally titled "The Nice" as a tribute to The Nice, and the organ on the track was composed to resemble the playing of Nice keyboardist Keith Emerson.[18] As fans of the group Genesis were inspired to put together a heavier rock song which Gabriel said was "something more dangerous" compared to their delicate acoustic numbers. He added: "It was the first peak of a darker energy that we discovered".[28] It lasted up to 19 minutes in concert, but was reduced to 8 for the album.[29] Gabriel wrote the lyrics as a parody of a protest song.[24]
Phillips later recalled that songs "Everywhere is Here", "Grandma", "Little Leaf", "Going out to Get You", "Shepherd", "Moss", "Let Us Now Make Love" and "Pacidy" were ones that were not developed further in the studio.[30] Banks said that "Going out to Get You" was too long to fit on the album as well as "The Knife", and the latter song had to have a portion of it cut out to fit on the LP.[6]
Aftermath
Despite him describing the recording sessions as "pleasant" and not considerably difficult,[31] Phillips had become uncomfortable with the musical direction, and was unhappy about the amount of gigs, which took away time to write complex material such as "Stagnation". He also thought there were too many songwriters in the group and it was difficult to get ideas across. Shortly afterwords, matters came to a head and he quit the group.[32] Rutherford later recalled that Phillips looked unwell during the recording sessions, and he worried that Phillips's departure might mean the end of Genesis. After the group drove back from the last gig in Hayward's Heath to Gabriel's house in Cobham, they decided they would carry on.[33]
In the liner notes to the Genesis box set Genesis Archive 1967–75, Banks claims "Let Us Now Make Love", one of Phillips's songs, was not recorded for the album because the group thought it had the potential of a single, but following the guitarist's sudden departure following the album's completion, it was never recorded in the studio. A live version was released on the box set, performed in February 1970.[34]
At the same time, the group decided to replace Mayhew with a more suitable drummer. He was older than the rest of the band and felt an outsider, not contributing much to writing and lacked confidence.[35] An urgent replacement was required to fulfil live dates to promote Trespass. Phil Collins auditioned and joined in August, and the album was released in October.[36][37] The group could not find a suitable replacement for Phillips, so they resumed gigging as a four-piece.[38] In late 1970, they appeared on the television show Disco 2 to promote the album with Phillips' replacement, Mick Barnard. The group mimed with Gabriel singing live, who recalled the performance was "disastrous".[12]
Artwork
The album cover was painted by Paul Whitehead, who also did the covers for the band's next two albums.[39] The cover showed mountains in the distance and two people looking out of a window at it, that represented the pastoral themes of some of the songs.[40] Whitehead had finished the cover and then the band added "The Knife" to the running order. Feeling that the cover no longer fit the mood of the album, they asked Whitehead to redo it. When Whitehead was reluctant to do so, the band members inspired him to slash the canvas with an actual knife.[39]
Release
Trespass was first released in the UK on the Charisma label in October 1970.[41][42] In the US, it was first issued on ABC's jazz label, Impulse!.[43] "The Knife" was released as single (split into two parts) in May 1971, but did not chart.[44]
The album was reissued by the main ABC Records label in 1974;[45] then, after MCA Records bought out ABC, it was reissued on the MCA label.[46] A SACD/DVD double disc set (including new 5.1 and Stereo mixes) was released in 2008.[47]
Critical reception
Review scores | |
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Source | Rating |
AllMusic | ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() |
Rolling Stone | (unfavorable)[49] |
The Rolling Stone Album Guide | ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() |
Trespass sold 6,000 copies on its original release and helped the band build up a live following.[6] "The Knife" was released as a single in January 1971.[51] The album charted at No. 1 in Belgium, which led to the band's first overseas concerts there in January 1972.[52]
The album had a mixed reception by the music press at the time of its release. Jerry Gilbert, writing in Sounds, gave a positive review and singled out "Visions of Angels" and "White Mountain"". A review in Melody Maker said the album was "tasteful, subtle and refined".[38] Rolling Stone printed an extremely brief but unambiguously negative review of the 1974 reissue, saying "It's spotty, poorly defined, at times innately boring, and should be avoided by all but the most rabid Genesis fans."[49] AllMusic's later retrospective review was only slightly more forgiving, summarising that the album "is more interesting for what it points toward than what it actually does". They also commented that the guitars are so low in the mix that they are almost inaudible, leaving Banks's keyboard instruments to prominence. They considered this troublesome because Banks having a noticeable role "isn't the Genesis that everyone came to know".[48]
Following the band's growth in popularity in the 1980s, Trespass reached its peak of No. 98 for one week in 1984.[41]
Track listing
All songs written by Tony Banks, Peter Gabriel, Anthony Phillips, and Mike Rutherford.
No. | Title | Length |
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1. | "Looking for Someone" | 7:06 |
2. | "White Mountain" | 6:45 |
3. | "Visions of Angels" | 6:51 |
No. | Title | Length |
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1. | "Stagnation" | 8:45 |
2. | "Dusk" | 4:15 |
3. | "The Knife" | 8:55 |
Personnel
Genesis
- Peter Gabriel – lead vocals, flute, accordion, tambourine, bass drum
- Anthony Phillips – acoustic 12-string guitar, lead electric guitar, dulcimer, vocals
- Anthony Banks – organ, piano, Mellotron, acoustic 12-string guitar, vocals
- Michael Rutherford – acoustic 12-string guitar, electric bass guitar, nylon guitar, cello, vocals
- John Mayhew – drums, percussion, vocals
Production
- John Anthony – producer
- Robin Geoffrey Cable – engineer
- Paul Whitehead – layout
- Nick Davis – mixing (2008 release)
- Tony Cousins – mastering (2008 release)
References
Citations
- ^ a b Bowler & Dray 1992, p. 24.
- ^ a b "How Genesis Found Their Prog-Folk Focus With "Trespass"". Ultimate Classic Rock. Retrieved 6 March 2018.
- ^ Bowler & Dray 1992, p. 27.
- ^ Trespass 2007, 26:03–27:16.
- ^ Bowler & Dray 1992, pp. 30–31.
- ^ a b c d e f Welch 2011, p. 26.
- ^ Bowler & Dray 1992, p. 30.
- ^ Bowler & Dray 1992, p. 29.
- ^ Trespass 2007, 11:42–12:10.
- ^ Trespass 2007, 21:30–21:50.
- ^ Gilbert, Jerry (9 January 1971). "Charisma's New Baby". Sounds.
- ^ a b Watts, Michael (23 January 1971). "Reading from the Book of Genesis". Melody Maker: 15.
- ^ Trespass 2007, 11:15–11:41.
- ^ Trespass 2007, 8:11–9:14.
- ^ a b Trespass 2007, 10:06–10:46.
- ^ Bowler & Dray 1992, p. 32.
- ^ Trespass 2007, 24:15–24:38.
- ^ a b Genesis 2007, p. 34.
- ^ Stump, Paul (1997). The Music's All that Matters. Quartet Books Limited. p. 175. ISBN 0-7043-8036-6.
- ^ Genesis 2007, p. 11.
- ^ Trespass 2007, 22:12–24:03.
- ^ Bowler & Dray 1992, pp. 32–33.
- ^ Hegarty & Halliwell 2011, p. 59.
- ^ a b Bowler & Dray 1992, p. 33.
- ^ Rutherford 2014, p. 42.
- ^ Trespass 2007, 14:41–15:42.
- ^ Trespass 2007, 15:42–16:02.
- ^ Trespass 2007, 20:10–22:03.
- ^ Welch 2011, p. 30.
- ^ Negrin, David. "An Interview with Anthony Phillips". Retrieved 21 December 2011.
- ^ Trespass 2007, 13:18–13:55.
- ^ Bowler & Dray 1992, p. 34.
- ^ Rutherford 2014, p. 43.
- ^ Genesis – Archive 1967 – 75 (Media notes). Virgin / EMI. 1998. p. 3. CD BOX 6.
- ^ Bowler & Dray 1992, p. 35.
- ^ Bowler & Dray 1992, p. 37.
- ^ Welch 2011, p. 25.
- ^ a b Bowler & Dray 1992, p. 41.
- ^ a b Romano 2010, p. 72.
- ^ Hegarty & Halliwell 2011, p. 58.
- ^ a b Bowler & Dray 1992, p. 245.
- ^ Trespass (Media notes). Charisma Records. 1970. CAS 1020.
- ^ Trespass (Media notes). Impulse!. 1970. AS-9205.
- ^ Bowler & Dray 1992, p. 249.
- ^ Trespass (Media notes). ABC Records. 1974. ABCX-816.
- ^ Trespass (Media notes). MCA Records. 1977. ABCX-816.
- ^ Trespass (Media notes). Virgin / MCA. CASCDX 1020.
- ^ a b Eder, Bruce. "Trespass – Genesis | AllMusic". AllMusic. Retrieved 10 September 2014.
- ^ a b Fletcher, Gordon (1 August 1974). "Genesis: Trespass : Music Reviews". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on 2 May 2008.
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suggested) (help) - ^ Nathan Brackett; Christian David Hoard (2004). The new Rolling Stone album guide. New York: Simon & Schuster. p. 327. ISBN 978-0-7432-0169-8.
- ^ Welch 2011, p. 31.
- ^ Bowler & Dray 1992, p. 58.
Sources
- Banks, Tony; Collins, Phil; Gabriel, Peter; Hackett, Steve; Rutherford, Mike (2007). Dodd, Philipp (ed.). Genesis. Chapter and Verse. Weidenfeld and Nicholson. ISBN 978-0-297-84434-1.
- Bowler, Dave; Dray, Bryan (1992). Genesis: A Biography. Sidgwick & Jackson Ltd. ISBN 978-0-283-06132-5.
{{cite book}}
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(help) - Hegarty, Paul; Halliwell, Martin (2011). Beyond and Before: Progressive Rock since the 1960s. Bloomsbury. ISBN 978-1-441-11480-8.
{{cite book}}
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(help) - Romano, Will (2010). Mountains Come Out of the Sky: The Complete Illustrated History of Prog Rock. Backbeat Books. ISBN 978-0-8793-0991-6.
{{cite book}}
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(help) - Rutherford, Mike (2014). The Living Years. Hachette UK. ISBN 978-1-472-11035-0.
{{cite book}}
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(help) - Welch, Chris (2011). Genesis: The Complete Guide to their Music. Omnibus Press. ISBN 978-0-857-12739-6.
{{cite book}}
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(help) - Banks, Tony; Collins, Phil; Gabriel, Peter; Phillips, Anthony; Rutherford, Mike (10 November 2008). Genesis 1970–1975 [Trespass] (DVD). Virgin Records. UPC 5099951968328.
External links