1900 United States House of Representatives elections

United States House of Representatives elections, 1900
All 357 seats to the United States House of Representatives; 179 seats needed for a majority
Speaker before election; David Henderson; Republican	Elected Speaker ; David Henderson; Republican

Elections to the United States House of Representatives were held in 1900 for members of the 57th Congress, coinciding with the re-election of President William McKinley.

McKinley's Republican Party gained thirteen seats from the Democratic Party and minor parties, cementing their majority. A reassertion of Republican control in the Mid-Atlantic was key in the gain of new seats. However, with an improved economy, especially in the industrial sector, the election cycle featured no keystone issue, resulting in a general support for the status quo. The fading Populist Party held on to five House seats, while the sole member of the Silver Party changed parties to Democratic.

Election summaries

↓
200	1	5	151
Republican	SR	P	Democratic

State	Type	Total seats	Republican		Democratic		Populist		Silver/ Silver Republican
State	Type	Total seats	Seats	Change	Seats	Change	Seats	Change	Seats	Change
Alabama	District	9	0	1	9	1	0		0
Arkansas	District	6	0		6		0		0
California	District	7	7	1	0	1	0		0
Colorado	District	2	0		0		1		1^{[Note 3]}
Connecticut	District	4	4		0		0		0
Delaware	At-large	1	1		0		0		0
Florida	District	2	0		2		0		0
Georgia	District	11	0		11		0		0
Idaho	At-large	1	0		0		1	1	0	1^{[Note 4]}
Illinois	District	22	11	3	11	3	0		0
Indiana	District	13	9		4		0		0
Iowa	District	11	11		0		0		0
Kansas	District +at-large	8	7		1	1	0	1	0
Kentucky	District	11	3	1	8	1	0		0
Louisiana	District	6	0		6		0		0
Maine^{[Note 5]}	District	4	4		0		0		0
Maryland	District	6	6	2	0	2	0		0
Massachusetts	District	13	10		3		0		0
Michigan	District	12	12		0		0		0
Minnesota	District	7	7		0		0		0
Mississippi	District	7	0		7		0		0
Missouri	District	15	3^{[Note 6]}		12		0		0
Montana	At-large	1	0		0	1	1	1	0
Nebraska	District	6	2		2	1	2	1	0
Nevada	At-large	1	0		1	1	0		0	1^{[Note 7]}
New Hampshire	District	2	2		0		0		0
New Jersey	District	8	6		2		0		0
New York	District	34	21	5	13	5	0		0
North Carolina	District	9	2		7	1	0	1	0
North Dakota	At-large	1	1		0		0		0
Ohio	District	21	17	2	4	2	0		0
Oregon^{[Note 5]}	District	2	2		0		0		0
Pennsylvania	District +2 at-large	30	26	6	4	6	0		0
Rhode Island	District	2	2		0		0		0
South Carolina	District	7	0		7		0		0
South Dakota	At-large	2	2		0		0		0
Tennessee	District	10	2		8		0		0
Texas	District	13	0	1	13	1	0		0
Utah	At-large	1	1	1	0	1	0		0
Vermont^{[Note 5]}	District	2	2		0		0		0
Virginia	District	10	0		10		0		0
Washington	At-large	2	2		0		0		0
West Virginia	District	4	4	1	0	1	0		0
Wisconsin	District	10	10		0		0		0
Wyoming	At-large	1	1		0		0		0
Total		357	200 56.0%	13	151 42.3%	10	5 1.4%	1	1^{[Note 3]} 0.3%	2

House seats

Republican			56.02%
Democratic			42.30%
Populist			1.40%
Silver Republican			0.28%

The previous election of 1898 saw the election of 6 Populists, 2 Silver Republicans, and a Silver Party member.

Early election dates

In 1900, three states, with 8 seats among them, held elections early:

June 4 Oregon
September 4 Vermont
September 10 Maine

Complete returns

Party abbreviations

California

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates
California 1	John All Barham	Republican	1894	Retired Republican hold	Frank Coombs (R) 55.3% James F. Farraher (D) 42.4% William Morgan (Soc) 1.6% Charles T. Clark (P) 0.8%
California 2	Previous incumbent Marion De Vries (D) resigned August 20, 1900 to accept a judicial position			Republican gain	Samuel D. Woods^{[Note 8]} (R) 50.4% J. D. Sproul (D) 47.9% W. F. Lockwood (Soc) 0.9% W. H. Barron (P) 0.8%
California 3	Victor H. Metcalf	Republican	1898	Re-elected	Victor H. Metcalf (R) 58.3% Frank Freeman (D) 38% R. A. Dague (Soc) 2.6% Alvin W. Holt (P) 1.1%
California 4	Julius Kahn	Republican	1898	Re-elected	Julius Kahn (R) 55.7% R. Porter Ashe (D) 38.2% Charles C. O'Donnell (I) 3.6% G. B. Benham (Soc) 2.2% Joseph Rowell (P) 0.3%
California 5	Eugene F. Loud	Republican	1890	Re-elected	Eugene F. Loud (R) 55.7% J. H. Henry (D) 41.3% C. H. King Sr. (Soc) 2.2% Fred E. Caton (P) 0.8%
California 6	Russell J. Waters	Republican	1898	Retired Republican hold	James McLachlan (R) 52.4% W. D. Crichton (D) 42.4% Noble A. Richardson (Soc) 3.1% A. H. Hensley (P) 2.1%
California 7	James C. Needham	Republican	1898	Re-elected	James C. Needham (R) 51.8% William Graves (D) 37.9% H. G. Wilshire (Soc) 7% James Campbell (P) 3.2%

Florida

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates
Florida 1	Stephen M. Sparkman	Democratic	1894	Re-elected	Stephen M. Sparkman (D) 87.0% G. Brown Patterson (R) 13.0%
Florida 2	Robert Wyche Davis	Democratic	1896	Re-elected	Robert Wyche Davis (D) 80.0% John M. Cheney (R) 20.0%

Nevada

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates
Nevada at-large	Francis G. Newlands	Democratic	1892	Re-elected as Democratic	Francis G. Newlands (D/Sil) 58.8% E. S. Farrington (R) 41.2%

South Carolina

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates
South Carolina 1	William Elliott	Democratic	1886 1896	Re-elected	William Elliott (D) 72.7% W. W. Beckett (R) 27.3%
South Carolina 2	W. Jasper Talbert	Democratic	1892	Re-elected	W. Jasper Talbert (D) 97.7% J. B. Odom (R) 2.3%
South Carolina 3	Asbury Latimer	Democratic	1892	Re-elected	Asbury Latimer (D) 97.5% Anson C. Merrick (R) 2.5%
South Carolina 4	Stanyarne Wilson	Democratic	1894	Lost primary Democratic hold	Joseph T. Johnson (D) 97.0% S. T. Poinier (R) 3.0%
South Carolina 5	David E. Finley	Democratic	1898	Re-elected	David E. Finley (D) 97.3% John F. Jones (R) 2.7%
South Carolina 6	James Norton	Democratic	1897 (special)	Lost primary Democratic hold	Robert B. Scarborough (D) 94.3% R. A. Stuart (R) 5.7%
South Carolina 7	J. William Stokes	Democratic	1894	Re-elected	J. William Stokes (D) 93.2% Alexander D. Dantzler (R) 6.8%

J. William Stokes (D) of the 7th district died in office on July 6, 1901 and was replaced in a special election by Asbury F. Lever (D)

Notes

^ Three states held earlier elections between June 4 and September 10.
^ Included 2 Silver Republicans.
^ ^a ^b ^c Includes 1 member of the Silver Republican faction, John F. Shafroth, of CO-01.
^ Previous election had 1 member from the Silver Republican Party faction.
^ ^a ^b ^c Elections held early.
^ Elections to MO-12 were contested multiple times, and the seat was considered vacant for much of the 57th Congress – Republican George C. Wagoner was finally seated just before the end of the 57th Congress. See Dubin, p. 333 and 337–338.
^ Previous election had 1 member from the Silver Party.
^ Also won special election to 56th Congress.

References

^ ^a ^b ^c "Party Divisions of the House of Representatives* 1789–Present". Office of the Historian, United States House of Representatives. Retrieved May 18, 2015.
^ ^a ^b ^c Martis, pp. 154–155.

Bibliography

Dubin, Michael J. (March 1, 1998). United States Congressional Elections, 1788-1997: The Official Results of the Elections of the 1st Through 105th Congresses. McFarland and Company. ISBN 978-0786402830.
Martis, Kenneth C. (January 1, 1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress, 1789-1989. Macmillan Publishing Company. ISBN 978-0029201701.
Moore, John L., ed. (1994). Congressional Quarterly's Guide to U.S. Elections (Third ed.). Congressional Quarterly Inc. ISBN 978-0871879967.
"Party Divisions of the House of Representatives* 1789–Present". Office of the Historian, United States House of Representatives. Retrieved January 21, 2015.

External links

Office of the Historian (Office of Art & Archives, Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives)

[1] Three states held earlier elections between June 4 and September 10.

[Reps-1898-4] Included 2 Silver Republicans.

[1SR-5] Includes 1 member of the Silver Republican faction, John F. Shafroth, of CO-01.

[Silver-R-6] Previous election had 1 member from the Silver Republican Party faction.

[early-7] Elections held early.

[8] Elections to MO-12 were contested multiple times, and the seat was considered vacant for much of the 57th Congress – Republican George C. Wagoner was finally seated just before the end of the 57th Congress. See Dubin, p. 333 and 337–338.

[9] Previous election had 1 member from the Silver Party.

[sp-10] Also won special election to 56th Congress.

[USH-PartyDiv-2] "Party Divisions of the House of Representatives* 1789–Present". Office of the Historian, United States House of Representatives. Retrieved May 18, 2015.

[Martis-3] Martis, pp. 154–155.

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