User:RebekahThorn/Haplogroup U5 (mtDNA)

Haplogroup U5
Possible time of origin	(Behar 2012b)
Ancestor	U
Descendants	U5a, U5b
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

In human population genetics, mitochondrial (mtDNA) haplogroups define the major lineages of direct maternal (female) lines back to a shared common ancestor in Africa. In human genetics, Haplogroup U is a predominately Eurasian lineage.

Distribution

Africa

Population	Location	Language Family	N	Frequency	Source

Asia

Population	Language Family	N	Frequency	Source

Europe

Western Europe

Population	Language	N	Frequency	Source

Eastern Europe

Population	N	Frequency	Source

Historic and Pre-Historic Samples

Populations	N	Frequency	Source

Subclades

Tree

This phylogenetic tree of haplogroup I subclades is based on the paper (van Oven 2008) and subsequent published research (Behar 2012b). For brevity, only the first three levels of subclades (branches) are shown.

• U5
  • U5a
    • U5a1
      • U5a1b
      • U5a1c
      • U5a1d
      • U5a1e
      • U5a1f
      • U5a1h
    • U5a2
      • U5a2a
      • U5a2b
      • U5a2c
      • U5a2d
  • U5b
    • U5b1
      • U5b1d
      • U5b1f
      • U5b1g
    • U5b2
      • U5b2a
      • U5b2b
      • U5b2c
    • U5b3
      • U5b3a
      • U5b3b
      • U5b3c
      • U5b3d
      • U5b3e
      • U5b3f

Distribution

U5a

Haplogroup U5a
Possible time of origin	17,500 to 27,400 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	A14793G, C16256T (Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5a1

Haplogroup U5a1
Possible time of origin	14,100 to 19,800 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	A15218G, A16399G (Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5a1a

Haplogroup U5a1a
Possible time of origin	8,100 to 16,200 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	T1700C (Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5a1a1

Haplogroup U5a1a1
Possible time of origin	2,900 to 10,800 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	T5495C, A15924G (Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5a1a1a

Haplogroup U5a1a1a
Possible time of origin	Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	A3816G (Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5a1a1b

Haplogroup U5a1a1b
Possible time of origin	600 to 5,900 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	G15110A (Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5a1a1d

Haplogroup U5a1a1d
Possible time of origin	About 2,000 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	G185A, T204C (Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5a1a2

Haplogroup U5a1a2
Possible time of origin	6,700 to 13,900 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	573.XC, C12346T (Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5a1a2a

Haplogroup U5a1a2a
Possible time of origin	300 to 5,400 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	A5319G, A6629G, T6719C (Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5a1a2a1

Haplogroup U5a1a2a1
Possible time of origin	About 1,600 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	T6293C (Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5a1a2b

Haplogroup U5a1a2b
Possible time of origin	5,000 to 11,700 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	A13105G! (Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5a1a2b1

Haplogroup U5a1a2b1
Possible time of origin	700 to 5,500 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	G8269A, T10326a, T14278C (Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5a1g

Haplogroup U5a1g
Possible time of origin	2,400 to 12,500 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	C7792T (Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5a1b

Haplogroup U5a1b
Possible time of origin	5,600 to 11,100 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	A9667G (Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5a1b1

Haplogroup U5a1b1
Possible time of origin	5000 to 9000 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5a1b1a

Haplogroup U5a1b1a
Possible time of origin	2,500 to 7,500 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	T4553C (Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5a1b1a1

Haplogroup U5a1b1a1
Possible time of origin	About 1,500 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	C14574T (Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5a1b1b

Haplogroup U5a1b1b
Possible time of origin	3,100 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	T8119C (Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5a1b1c

Haplogroup U5a1b1c
Possible time of origin	2,600 to 7,300 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	G9055A (Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5a1b1c1

Haplogroup U5a1b1c1
Possible time of origin	2,500 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	T1187C (Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5a1b1c2

Haplogroup U5a1b1c2
Possible time of origin	300 to 4,700 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	G3705A, G16129A! (Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5a1b1d

Haplogroup U5a1b1d
Possible time of origin	About 4,100 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	A12358G (Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5a1b1e

Haplogroup U5a1b1e
Possible time of origin	2,600 to 7,800 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	A12582G (Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5a1b1f

Haplogroup U5a1b1f
Possible time of origin	900 to 6,800 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	G15596A, G16129A! (Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5a1b2

Haplogroup U5a1b2
Possible time of origin	About 3,400 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	A9632G (Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5a1b3

Haplogroup U5a1b3
Possible time of origin	About 2,000 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	G16428A (Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5a1b4

Haplogroup U5a1b4
Possible time of origin	200 to 9,000 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	A12331G (Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5a1c

Haplogroup U5a1c
Possible time of origin	10600 to 18600 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5a1c1

Haplogroup U5a1c1
Possible time of origin	400 to 9500 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5a1c2

Haplogroup U5a1c2
Possible time of origin	8900 to 17000 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5a1c2a

Haplogroup U5a1c2a
Possible time of origin	1600 to 10200 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5a1d

Haplogroup U5a1d
Possible time of origin	11900 to 18300 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5a1d1

Haplogroup U5a1d1
Possible time of origin	1900 to 13300 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5a1d2

Haplogroup U5a1d2
Possible time of origin	10100 to 17100 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5a1d2a

Haplogroup U5a1d2a
Possible time of origin	700 to 6200 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5a1d2a1

Haplogroup U5a1d2a1
Possible time of origin	-900 to 3700 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5a1d2b

Haplogroup U5a1d2b
Possible time of origin	1000 to 7400 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5a1e

Haplogroup U5a1e
Possible time of origin	1400 to 12200 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5a1f

Haplogroup U5a1f
Possible time of origin	12400 to 18600 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5a1f1

Haplogroup U5a1f1
Possible time of origin	6800 to 14700 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5a1f1a

Haplogroup U5a1f1a
Possible time of origin	2900 to 10100 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5a1f1a1

Haplogroup U5a1f1a1
Possible time of origin	1800 to 8000 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5a1h

Haplogroup U5a1h
Possible time of origin	Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5a2

Haplogroup U5a2
Possible time of origin	14500 to 22300 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5a2a

Haplogroup U5a2a
Possible time of origin	7000 to 18900 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5a2a1

Haplogroup U5a2a1
Possible time of origin	3500 to 8700 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5a2a1a

Haplogroup U5a2a1a
Possible time of origin	Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5a2a1b

Haplogroup U5a2a1b
Possible time of origin	700 to 5300 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5a2a1b1

Haplogroup U5a2a1b1
Possible time of origin	Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5a2a1c

Haplogroup U5a2a1c
Possible time of origin	Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5a2a1d

Haplogroup U5a2a1d
Possible time of origin	Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5a2b

Haplogroup U5a2b
Possible time of origin	8300 to 14600 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5a2b1

Haplogroup U5a2b1
Possible time of origin	5800 to 14700 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5a2b1a

Haplogroup U5a2b1a
Possible time of origin	4,000 to 12,300 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)

U5a2b1b

Haplogroup U5a2b1b
Possible time of origin	600 to 11900 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5a2b2

Haplogroup U5a2b2
Possible time of origin	800 to 6000 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5a2b3

Haplogroup U5a2b3
Possible time of origin	2800 to 9600 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5a2b4

Haplogroup U5a2b4
Possible time of origin	3800 to 12900 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5a2c

Haplogroup U5a2c
Possible time of origin	8200 to 14700 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5a2c1

Haplogroup U5a2c1
Possible time of origin	300 to 7400 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5a2c2

Haplogroup U5a2c2
Possible time of origin	4400 to 12300 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5a2c3

Haplogroup U5a2c3
Possible time of origin	5700 to 12400 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5a2c4

Haplogroup U5a2c4
Possible time of origin	Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5a2d

Haplogroup U5a2d
Possible time of origin	13100 to 20800 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5a2d1

Haplogroup U5a2d1
Possible time of origin	2100 to 10700 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5a2e

Haplogroup U5a2e
Possible time of origin	Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5b

Haplogroup U5b
Possible time of origin	19200 to 26400 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5b1

Haplogroup U5b1
Possible time of origin	10600 to 20400 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5b1a

Haplogroup U5b1a
Possible time of origin	4200 to 13100 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5b1b

Haplogroup U5b1b
Possible time of origin	6600 to 15100 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5b1b1

Haplogroup U5b1b1
Possible time of origin	3200 to 11200 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5b1b1a

Haplogroup U5b1b1a
Possible time of origin	1700 to 5500 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5b1b1a1

Haplogroup U5b1b1a1
Possible time of origin	600 to 4000 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5b1b1a1a

Haplogroup U5b1b1a1a
Possible time of origin	Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5b1b1d

Haplogroup U5b1b1d
Possible time of origin	2000 to 6600 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5b1b1f

Haplogroup U5b1b1f
Possible time of origin	500 to 6400 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5b1b1b

Haplogroup U5b1b1b
Possible time of origin	-9900 to 9900 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5b1b1e

Haplogroup U5b1b1e
Possible time of origin	0 to 3800 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5b1b2

Haplogroup U5b1b2
Possible time of origin	Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5b1c

Haplogroup U5b1c
Possible time of origin	7100 to 13600 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5b1c1

Haplogroup U5b1c1
Possible time of origin	4300 to 11800 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5b1c1a

Haplogroup U5b1c1a
Possible time of origin	Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5b1c2

Haplogroup U5b1c2
Possible time of origin	3900 to 9500 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5b1c2a

Haplogroup U5b1c2a
Possible time of origin	500 to 5300 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5b1c2b

Haplogroup U5b1c2b
Possible time of origin	Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5b1e

Haplogroup U5b1e
Possible time of origin	1100 to 6100 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5b1e1

Haplogroup U5b1e1
Possible time of origin	700 to 4500 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5b1e1a

Haplogroup U5b1e1a
Possible time of origin	Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5b1f

Haplogroup U5b1f
Possible time of origin	Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5b1d

Haplogroup U5b1d
Possible time of origin	7400 to 16000 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Possible place of origin	Mediterranean,Scythia or West Asia.
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5b1d1

Haplogroup U5b1d1
Possible time of origin	5300 to 12900 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

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U5b1d1a

Haplogroup U5b1d1a
Possible time of origin	1400 to 6700 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5b1g

Haplogroup U5b1g
Possible time of origin	Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5b2

Haplogroup U5b2
Possible time of origin	16800 to 23200 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5b2a

Haplogroup U5b2a
Possible time of origin	11300 to 18600 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5b2a1

Haplogroup U5b2a1
Possible time of origin	9300 to 17600 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5b2a1a

Haplogroup U5b2a1a
Possible time of origin	6800 to 14400 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5b2a1a1

Haplogroup U5b2a1a1
Possible time of origin	900 to 7700 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5b2a1a1a

Haplogroup U5b2a1a1a
Possible time of origin	Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5b2a1a1b

Haplogroup U5b2a1a1b
Possible time of origin	1200 to 7400 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5b2a1a2

Haplogroup U5b2a1a2
Possible time of origin	Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5b2a1b

Haplogroup U5b2a1b
Possible time of origin	100 to 5100 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5b2a2

Haplogroup U5b2a2
Possible time of origin	7400 to 14100 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5b2a2a

Haplogroup U5b2a2a
Possible time of origin	1700 to 8000 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5b2a2a1

Haplogroup U5b2a2a1
Possible time of origin	Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5b2a2b

Haplogroup U5b2a2b
Possible time of origin	2200 to 7300 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5b2a2b1

Haplogroup U5b2a2b1
Possible time of origin	300 to 4600 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5b2a2c

Haplogroup U5b2a2c
Possible time of origin	Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5b2a3

Haplogroup U5b2a3
Possible time of origin	3000 to 14100 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5b2a4

Haplogroup U5b2a4
Possible time of origin	900 to 10100 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5b2a4a

Haplogroup U5b2a4a
Possible time of origin	100 to 5300 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5b2a5

Haplogroup U5b2a5
Possible time of origin	Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5b2a6

Haplogroup U5b2a6
Possible time of origin	300 to 11700 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5b2b

Haplogroup U5b2b
Possible time of origin	12000 to 17400 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5b2b1

Haplogroup U5b2b1
Possible time of origin	9200 to 15800 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5b2b1a

Haplogroup U5b2b1a
Possible time of origin	5900 to 12800 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5b2b1a1

Haplogroup U5b2b1a1
Possible time of origin	800 to 8900 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5b2b1a2

Haplogroup U5b2b1a2
Possible time of origin	3500 to 10100 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5b2b1b

Haplogroup U5b2b1b
Possible time of origin	Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5b2b2

Haplogroup U5b2b2
Possible time of origin	5700 to 14100 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5b2b3

Haplogroup U5b2b3
Possible time of origin	5800 to 11700 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5b2b3a

Haplogroup U5b2b3a
Possible time of origin	2400 to 7300 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5b2b3a1

Haplogroup U5b2b3a1
Possible time of origin	1200 to 5900 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5b2b3a1a

Haplogroup U5b2b3a1a
Possible time of origin	400 to 4400 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5b2b4

Haplogroup U5b2b4
Possible time of origin	-9000 to 12600 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5b2c

Haplogroup U5b2c
Possible time of origin	7000 to 18300 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5b2c1

Haplogroup U5b2c1
Possible time of origin	100 to 7900 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5b2c2

Haplogroup U5b2c2
Possible time of origin	Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5b3

Haplogroup U5b3
Possible time of origin	7600 to 13400 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5b3a

Haplogroup U5b3a
Possible time of origin	6000 to 12100 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5b3a1

Haplogroup U5b3a1
Possible time of origin	4700 to 10600 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5b3a1a

Haplogroup U5b3a1a
Possible time of origin	200 to 4800 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5b3a1b

Haplogroup U5b3a1b
Possible time of origin	700 to 8000 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5b3a2

Haplogroup U5b3a2
Possible time of origin	2800 to 10100 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5b3b

Haplogroup U5b3b
Possible time of origin	Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5b3c

Haplogroup U5b3c
Possible time of origin	700 to 6500 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5b3d

Haplogroup U5b3d
Possible time of origin	1900 to 8500 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5b3e

Haplogroup U5b3e
Possible time of origin	300 to 8100 Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

U5b3f

Haplogroup U5b3f
Possible time of origin	Years Before Present (Behar 2012b)
Defining mutations	(Bahar & Family Tree DNA 2012)

See also

Genetics

• Genealogical DNA test
• Genetic Genealogy
• Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroup
• Human mitochondrial genetics
• Human mitochondrial molecular clock
• Mitochondrial Eve
• mtDNA Haplogroups by Populations
• Population Genetics

Backbone mtDNA Tree

Phylogenetic tree of human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroups

Mitochondrial Eve (L)

L0

L1–6

L1

L2

L3

L4

L5

L6

M

N

CZ

D

E

G

Q

O

A

S

R

I

W

X

Y

C

Z

B

F

R0

pre-JT

P

U

HV

JT

K

H

V

J

T

References

Works Cited

Journals

• Malyarchuk, Boris; Derenko, Miroslava; Grzybowski, Tomasz; Perkova, Maria; Rogalla, Urszula; Vanecek, Tomas; Tsybovsky, Iosif (2010). Gilbert, M. Thomas P (ed.). "The Peopling of Europe from the Mitochondrial Haplogroup U5 Perspective". PLoS ONE. 5 (4): e10285. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0010285. PMC 2858207. PMID 20422015.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
• Pala, Maria; Achilli, Alessandro; Olivieri, Anna; Kashani, Baharak Hooshiar; Perego, Ugo A.; Sanna, Daria; Metspalu, Ene; Tambets, Kristiina; Tamm, Erika (2009). "Mitochondrial Haplogroup U5b3: A Distant Echo of the Epipaleolithic in Italy and the Legacy of the Early Sardinians". The American Journal of Human Genetics. 84 (6): 814. doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2009.05.004.

Websites

• Behar; Family Tree DNA (2012). "mtDNA Community".{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: ref duplicates default (link)