Varamin
Varamin
ورامين | |
|---|---|
City | |
 Interior courtyard of Masjed-i Varamin | |
  Varamin | |
| Coordinates: 35°19′27″N 51°38′45″E / 35.32417°N 51.64583°E | |
| Country |  Iran |
| Province | Tehran |
| County | Varamin |
| Bakhsh | Central |
| Population (2016 Census) | |
| • Urban | 225,628 [1] |
| Time zone | UTC+3:30 (IRST) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+4:30 (IRDT) |
| Area code | 021 (Formerly 0291) |
Varamin (Persian: ورامين, also Romanized as Varāmīn and Verāmin; anciently known as Varna and Varena)[2] is a city and capital of Varamin County, Tehran Province, Iran. At the 2011 census, its population was 218,991,[3] and at the 2006 census, its population was 208,569, in 53,639 families.[4]
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1956 | 5,205 | — |
| 1966 | 11,183 | +114.9% |
| 1976 | 25,892 | +131.5% |
| 1986 | 58,311 | +125.2% |
| 1996 | 72,331 | +24.0% |
| 2006 | 208,569 | +188.4% |
| 2011 | 218,991 | +5.0% |
| [5] [3] | ||
History
Varamin is believed to be the ancient city of Varena, which is mentioned in Avesta.
The fourteenth of the good lands and countries which I, Ahura Mazda, created, was the four-cornered Varena, for which was born Thraetaona, who smote Azi Dahaka.
— Vendidad, Avesta
The four-cornered citadel near the city is known as Citadel of Īraj by locals, Īraj was son of Thraetaona and that improves the city's relation to the ancient Varena.[6][7]
Varamin has an extensive history. The raiding of Ray, by the invading Mongols and Timurids, generated a flux of migrations to this area.
Included amongst the significant antiquities of Varamin are the mausoleum of Imamzadeh Yahya built in the 14th century, and the Jameh Mosque of Varamin, from the era of the Ilkhanid Abu Saeed.
Monuments
- Photographs of monuments in a near Varāmin (these photographs are available on flickr):
- — Part of the exterior of Masjed-e Jāme'eh Varāmin: (1).
- — The interior of Masjed-e Jāme'eh Varāmin: (1), (2), (3), (4), (5), (6).
- — Mil Hill (Tappe-ye Mil) near Varāmin: (1), (2).
- — The exterior of the Shah-Abbasi Caravanserai, South on Varāmin: (1)-(5).
- — The interior of the Shah-Abbasi Caravanserai: (1).
- — Views of a traditional abandoned house in Varāmin: (1), (2), (3), (4).
Industries
Sugar refinery factory
Varamin Sugar Refinery Factory was built in 1934–1935 by Nikolai Markov and is the very first sugar refinery factory in Iran and Middle East. In recent years[when?] its produce has been reduced because of shortage in ingredients.[8][9]
Oil-extracting factory
Varamin Oil-extracting factory was built in 1938–1939 and is the first producer of vegetable oil in Iran.[10]
Handcrafts
Carpets and rugs
- For more information see: Varamin Carpet
Carpets and rugs of Varamin are among most famous carpets in the world. Many rug and carpet experts see Varamins as purer Persian carpets.[11] They have geometric patterns with repeated medallions, especially on runners. They are made by tribal people who either live in or pass by Varamin.
Colleges and universities
Islamic Azad University
Islamic Azad University Varamin-Pishva Branch was established in 1985. This branch has more than 86 different majors and capacity of 15000 students.[12]
References
- ^ https://www.amar.org.ir/english
- ^ Varamin can be found at GEOnet Names Server, at this link, by opening the Advanced Search box, entering "-3088133" in the "Unique Feature Id" form, and clicking on "Search Database".
- ^ a b "Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1390 (2011)". Islamic Republic of Iran. Archived from the original (Excel) on 2016-10-06.
- ^ "Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1385 (2006)" (Excel). Statistical Center of Iran. Archived from the original on 2011-09-20.
- ^ [1]
- ^ http://www.chnpress.com/news/?section=1&id=1613
- ^ Peterson, Joseph H. "AVESTA: VENDIDAD (English): Fargard 1". www.Avesta.org. Retrieved 17 August 2017.
- ^ قديمي ترين کارخانه قند ايران تعطيل شد.. www.Parsine.com (in Persian).
- ^ یادگارهای جناب نیکلای. www.Tebyan.net (in Persian).
- ^ "Archived copy" روغنکشی شماره ی یک ورامین. www.Khoec.com (in Persian). Archived from the original on 2012-11-20. Retrieved 2012-04-08.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|dead-url=ignored (|url-status=suggested) (help)CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ "Varamin carpets in Little Persia". www.little-persia.com.
- ^ iauvaramin.ac.ir
External links
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