Abu'l-Faraj ibn al-Jawzi
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| Muslim scholar Abd al-Rahman ibn Ali ibn Muhammad |
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| Title | Abu'l-Faraj ibn al-Jawzi |
| Born | AH 508 (1114/1115)[citation needed] |
| Died | AH 597 (1200/1201)[1] |
| Ethnicity | Arab |
| Era | Islamic golden age |
| Jurisprudence | Hanbali[2] |
| Main interest(s) | History, Tafsir, Hadith and Fiqh |
| Notable work(s) | A Great Collection of Fabricated Traditions |
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Influenced
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Abu'l-Faraj ibn al-Jawzi (508 AH-597 AH) from Baghdad was an Islamic scholar whose family traces their lineage back to that of Abu Bakr, the famous companion of the prophet Muhammad and first caliph. He belonged to the Hanbali school of jurisprudential thought.
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Genealogy [edit]
His full name and nasab was Abd al-Rahman ibn Ali ibn Muhammad (Arabic: عبد الرحمن بن علي بن محمد) ibn `Ubayd-Allah ibn `Abd-Allah ibn Hammadi ibn Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Ja`far ibn `Abd-Allah ibn al-Qasim ibn al-Nadr ibn al-Qasim ibn Muhammad ibn `Abd-Allah ibn al-Faqih `Abd al-Rahman ibn al-Faqih al-Qasim ibn Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr.
Biography [edit]
He was known for his works in exegesis of the Qur'an as well as his numerous hadith writings. One of the more famous of the latter is his "Tahqiq", a compendium of both the hadith evidences used by the Hanbali school of jurisprudential thought and a work of comparative law (Arabic: فقه Fiqh). He is said to have been a precocious child who allegedly made his first speech at the age of ten (attended by a crowd of 50,000), and authored his first book at the age of thirteen.[4]
Theology [edit]
Ibn al-Jawzi is famous for the theological stance that he took against other Hanbalites of the time, in particular Ibn al-Zaghuni and al-Qadi Abu Ya'la. He believed that these and other Hanbalites had gone to extremes in affirming God's Attributes, so much so that he accused them of tarnishing the reputation of Hanbalites and making it synonymous with extreme anthropomorphism. Ibn al-Jawzi believed that Imam Ahmad b. Hanbal himself disapproved of such theology. Ibn al-Jawzi's most famous work in this regard is his Daff' Shubah al-Tashbih (also incorrectly printed under the title al-Baz al-Ashhab al-Munqaddu ala Mukhalifi al-Madhhab; note that the relationship of the recently printed Kitab Akhbar as-Sifat of Merlin Swartz to this work is still a question of debate). There is a recent translation of this work under the title of "Attributes of God" published by Amal Press.
God is neither inside nor outside of the Universe [edit]
Ibn Jawzi states, in As-Sifat, that God neither exists inside the world nor outside of it.[5] To him, "being inside or outside are concomitant of things located in space" i.e. what is outside or inside must be in a place, and, according to him, this is not applicable to God.[5] He writes:
Both [being in a place and outside a place] along with movement, rest, and other accidents are constitutive of bodies ... The divine essence does not admit of any created entity [e.g. place] within it or inhering in it.[5]
Works [edit]
Ibn al-Jawzi is perhaps the most prolific author in Islamic history. Al-Dhahabi states: “I have not known anyone amongst the ‘ulama to have written as much as he (Ibn al-Jawzi) did.[2] Recently, Professor Abdul Hameed al-Aloojee, an Iraqi scholar conducted research on the extent of ibn al Jawzi’s works and wrote a reference work in which he listed Ibn al Jawzees’s works alphabetically, identifying the publishers and libraries where his unpublished manuscripts could be found. The number of Ibn al-Jawzi’s books reached a staggering total of 376 texts.[6] Some have suggested that he is the author of more than 700 works.[7]
- Al-Tahqiq (Arabic: التحقيق) mentioned above
- A Great Collection of Fabricated Traditions (Al-Mawdu'at al-Kubra) (Arabic: الموضوعات الكبرى)
- Al-Muntazam fi Tarikh al-Umam translates as: A categorical collection of the history of the nations (Arabic: المنتظم في تأريخ الأمم)
- Provision of the journey(Arabic: زاد المسير ) the second of his three works of exegesis on the Quran. The third in the series, entitled "al-Mughni fi al-Tafsir" (المغني في التفسير) is lost. The first has recently been published.
Quranic Sciences [edit]
- Al-Mughni fi al-Tafsir, 81 parts
- Zad al-Masir fi ‘Ilm al-Tafsir, 4 volumes
- Taysir al-Bayan fi Tafsir al-Quran
- Tadhkirat al-Arib fi Tafsir al-Gharib
- Gharib al-Gharib
- Nuzhat al-‘Uyun al-Nawadhir fi al-Wujuh wa al-Nadha’ir
- Al-Wujuh wa al-Nawadhir fi al-Wujuh wa al-Nadha’ir, a summary of Nuzhat al-‘Uyun al-Nawadhir
- Al-Ishara ila al-Qira’at al-Mukhtara, 4 parts
- Tadhkirat al-Mutanabbih fi ‘Uyun al-Mushtabih
- Funun al-Afnan fi ‘Uyun ‘Ulum al-Quran
- Ward al-Aghsan fi Funun al-Afnan
- ‘Umdat al-Rasikh fi Ma’rifat al-Mansukh wa al-Nasikh, 5 parts
- Al-Musaffa bi Akuffi Ahl al-Rusukh min ‘Ilm al-Nasikh wal-Mansukh
Theology [edit]
- Muntaqad al-Mu’taqid
- Minhaj al-Wusul ila ‘Ilm al-Usul, 5 parts
- Bayan Ghaflat al-Qa’il bi Qidam Af’al al-‘Ibad
- Ghawamidh al-Ilahiyat
- Maslak al-‘Aql
- Minhaj Ahl al-Isaba
- Al-Sirr al-Masun
- Daf’ Shubhat al-Tashbih, 4 parts
- Al-Radd ‘Ala al-Muta’assib al-‘Anid
- Kitab Akhbar as-Sifat [8]
Traditions and Asceticism [edit]
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History [edit]
- Talqih Fuhum Ahl al-Athar fi ‘Uyun al-Tawarikh wa al-Siyar
- Al-Muntazam fi Tarikh al-Muluk wal-Umam, 10 volumes
- Shudhur al-‘Uqud fi Tarikh al-‘Uhud
- Tara’if al-Dhara’if fi Tarikh al-Sawalif
- Manaqib Baghdad
- Al-Wafa bi Fadha’il al-Mustafa, biography of the Prophet, 2 volumes
Fiqh [edit]
- al-Insaf fi Masa’il al-Khilaf
- Junnat al-Nadhir wa Jannat al-Nadhar
- ‘Umad al-Dala’il fi Mushtahar al-Masa’il
- Al-Mudhab fi al-Madhab
- Masbuk al-Dhahab
- Al-Nubdha
- Al-‘Ibadat al-Khams
- Asbab al-Hidaya li Arbab al-Bidaya
- Kashf al-Dhulma ‘an al-Dhiya’ fi Radd Da’wa Ilkiya
- Radd al-Lawm al-Dhaym fi Sawm Yawm al-Ghaym
Art of Preaching (wa’dh) [edit]
- al-Yawaqit fi al-Khutab
- al-Muntakhab fi al-Nuwab
- Muntakhab al-Muntakhab
- Muntakhal al-Muntakhab
- Nasim al-Riyadh
- Al-Lu’lu’
- Kanz al-Mudhakkir
- Al-Azaj
- Al-Lata’if
- Kunuz al-Rumuz
- Al-Muqtabis
- Zayn al-Qisas
- Mawafiq al-Marafiq (ISBN 2-7451-3464-7)
- Shahid wa Mashhud
- Wasitat al-‘Uqud min Shahid wa Mashhud
- Al-Lahab, 2 parts
- Al-Mudhish
- Saba Najd
- Muhadathat al-‘Aql
- Laqt al-Juman
- Al-Muq’ad al-Muqim
- Iqadh al-Wasnan min al-Raqadat bi Ahwal al-Haywan wal-Nabat, 2 parts
- Nakt al-Majalis al-Badriyya, 2 parts
- Nuzhat al-Adib, 2 parts
- Muntaha al-Muntaha
- Tabsirat al-Mubtadi’, 20 parts
- Al-Yaquta, 2 parts (ISBN 977-5141-49-4)
- Tuhfat al-Wu’adh
Various sciences [edit]
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See also [edit]
Notes [edit]
- ^ a b Robinson:2003:XV
- ^ a b c d IslamicAwakening.Com: Ibn al-Jawzi: A Lifetime of Da'wah
- ^ Ibn Al-Jawzi
- ^ Ibn al-Jawzi: A Lifetime of Da'wah
- ^ a b c Swartz, Merlin. A Medieval Critique of Anthropomorphism. Brill, 2001, p.159
- ^ http://www.sunnahonline.com/ilm/seerah/0035.htm Ibn al-Jawzee
- ^ IBN AL-JAWZI
- ^ Swartz, Merlin. A Medieval Critque of Anthropomorphism. Brill, 2001
References [edit]
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Arabic Wikisource has original text related to this article: |
- Robinson, Chase F. (2003), Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-62936-5
External links [edit]
- The Attributes of God 'Abd al-Rahman ibn al-Jawzi trans. Abdullah bin Hamid 'Ali published by Amal Press
- The Most Comprehensive Biographical Note of Ibn al-Jawzi online
- Biography
- (French) Importance of attachment to the Qur'an by Imam Ibn Al Jawzi
- (French) Refutation of anthropomorphism by Imam Ibn Al Jawzi
