Formula Sun Grand Prix
File:FSGP Color Logo 250x165.png | |
Formula Sun Grand Prix | |
---|---|
Venue | Racetracks |
Location | Varies |
Corporate sponsor | Innovators Educational Foundation |
First race | 2000 |
Last race | 2019 |
Laps | Most laps wins |
Duration | 3 days |
Most wins (team) | University of Minnesota Solar Vehicle Project |
The Formula Sun Grand Prix (FSGP) is an annual solar-car race that takes place on closed-loop race tracks. In the race, teams from colleges and universities throughout North America design, build, test, and race solar-powered vehicles.
Every two years the race serves as a qualifier for the American Solar Challenge road race.[1]
FSGP 2017 took place between July 6 and 8 at Circuit of the Americas in Austin, Texas.[2]
Format and organization
Rules
- The race consists of three days of freely driving laps around the race track.
- The team with the most total laps driven wins.
- The total area of all solar cells and related reflectors, etc., must not exceed six-square meters.
- The solar array may be reoriented toward the sun for charging batteries for specified time periods before and after race hours.
- Strict specifications and engineering scrutiny process is provided for vehicle configuration, safety requirements, and other standards.
- Previous races have divided teams into "open" and "stock" classes based on levels of solar cell and battery technologies.
History
Formula Sun Grand Prix is governed by the Innovators Educational Foundation,[3] and was started in summer 2000 at Heartland Park race track in Topeka, Kansas, in conjunction with a solar-bike race.
It has served as a qualifying race for the biennial American Solar Challenge road race.
The race was held there every year through 2005 until the 2007 American Solar Challenge was canceled due to funding issues. It resumed in 2009 and has been held every year since then at a few different venues.
2000
The inaugural race was held at Heartland Park Topeka race track in Topeka, Kansas. It was won by Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology's Solar Phantom V.[4] The stock class was won by the University of Missouri-Rolla's Solar Miner II.
Results | ||
---|---|---|
Rank | Team | Laps |
1 | Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology | 396 |
2 | University of Missouri-Rolla | 382 |
3 | University of Minnesota | 362 |
4 | Kansas State University | 345 |
5 | University of Missouri #4 | 326 |
6 | Iowa State University | 293 |
7 | University of North Dakota | 276 |
8 | Lincoln Land Community College | 201 |
9 | Purdue University | 196 |
10 | Minnesota State / Winona State | 166 |
11 | Michigan Tech University | 157 |
12 | University of Missouri #43 | 133 |
13 | South Dakota School of Mines & Technology | 124 |
14 | Florida A&M University / Florida State University | 122 |
2001
FSGP 2001 served as a qualifier for the 2001 American Solar Challenge and was the only year when multiple events were held.
- The first event was again held at Heartland Park Topeka and the Rose-Hulman again took first place overall[5] with Solar Phantom VI, while the stock class was won by the co-op team from Minnesota State University, Mankato and Winona State University.
Results | ||
---|---|---|
Rank | Team | Laps |
1 | Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology | 353 |
2 | Minnesota State University, Mankato / Winona State | 208 |
3 | North Dakota State University | 122 |
4 | University of Missouri-Rolla | 102 |
5 | Iowa State University | 92 |
6 | University of Michigan | 92 |
7 | University of Missouri | 85 |
8 | Messiah College | 80 |
9 | Texas A&M | 77 |
10 | University of North Dakota | 72 |
11 | University of Waterloo | 66 |
12 | University of Minnesota | 63 |
13 | Principia College | 35 |
- The second event was held at Gingerman Raceway[6] in South Haven, Michigan, and was won by Principia College's RA IV, while the stock class was won by Stanford University.
Results | |
---|---|
Rank | Team |
1 | Principia College |
2 | École de technologie supérieure |
3 | University of Toronto |
2002
FSGP 2002 was held at Heartland Park Topeka and was won by the University of Missouri-Rolla's Solar Miner III,[7] while the stock class was won by Kansas State University.
Results | |
---|---|
Rank | Team |
1 | Missouri S&T |
2 | University of Minnesota |
3 | Kansas State University |
4 | Principia College |
2003
FSGP 2003 was held at Heartland Park Topeka and served as a qualifier for the 2003 American Solar Challenge. It was won by the University of Minnesota's Borealis II,[8] while Kansas State finished just one lap behind in second place. The stock class was won by North Dakota State University.
Results | |
---|---|
Rank | Team |
1 | University of Minnesota |
2 | Kansas State University |
3 | |
4 | UC Berkeley |
5 | Auburn University |
2004
FSGP 2004 was held at Heartland Park Topeka and the University of Missouri-Rolla's Solar Miner IV[9] took first place overall.
Results | |
---|---|
Rank | Team |
1 | Missouri S&T |
2 | University of Minnesota |
3 | Kansas State University |
4 | University of Missouri |
2005
FSGP 2005 was held at Heartland Park Topeka and served as a qualifier for the 2005 North American Solar Challenge. It was won by Minnesota's Borealis III.[10]
Results | |
---|---|
Rank | Team |
1 | University of Minnesota |
2 | Iowa State University |
3 | Auburn University |
4 | UC Berkeley |
5 | Northwestern University |
2009
After a three-year hiatus due to a lack of funding, FSGP 2009 was held at the Motorsports Ranch in Cresson, Texas. The University of Minnesota's Centaurus took first place overall.[11]
Results | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rank | Team | Day 1 Laps | Day 2 Laps | Day 3 Laps | Total Laps | Fast Laps |
1 | University of Minnesota | 169 | 152 | 166 | 487 | 0:02:20 |
2 | University of Kentucky | 109 | 138 | 146 | 393 | 0:02:33 |
3 | Northwestern University | 124 | 102 | 145 | 371 | 0:02:58 |
4 | University of Waterloo | 135 | 104 | 127 | 366 | 0:02:53 |
5 | Illinois State University | 77 | 125 | 108 | 310 | 0:03:20 |
6 | SUNY - New Paltz | 63 | 99 | 126 | 288 | 0:02:53 |
7 | Iowa State University | 0 | 47 | 157 | 204 | 0:02:54 |
8 | University of Texas | 34 | 88 | 77 | 199 | 0:02:31 |
9 | UC Berkeley | 0 | 23 | 44 | 67 | 0:03:00 |
2010
FSGP 2010 was again held at the Cresson Motorsports Ranch and served as a qualifier for the 2010 American Solar Challenge. It was won by the University of Michigan.[12]
Results | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rank | Team | Day 1 Miles | Day 2 Miles | Day 3 Miles | Total Miles |
1 | University of Michigan | 246.5 | 251.6 | 222.7 | 720.8 |
2 | Bochum | 239.7 | 226.1 | 214.2 | 680 |
3 | University of Minnesota | 178.5 | 239.7 | 198.9 | 617.1 |
4 | Northwestern University | 107.1 | 175.1 | 188.7 | 470.9 |
5 | Kaohsiung | 76.5 | 224.4 | 210.8 | 435.2 |
6 | University of Calgary | 226.1 | 163.2 | 28.9 | 418.2 |
7 | SUNY - New Paltz | 96.9 | 159.8 | 159.8 | 416.5 |
8 | Missouri S&T | 147.9 | 134.3 | 32.3 | 314.5 |
9 | Illinois State University | * | 149.6 | 112.2 | 261.8 |
10 | University of Texas | 79.9 | 134.3 | 124.1 | 258.4 |
11 | Iowa State University | 127.5 | 129.2 | 0 | 256.7 |
12 | Stanford University | 79.9 | 180.2 | 28.9 | 209.1 |
13 | University of Kentucky | 23.8 | 119 | 0 | 142.8 |
14 | Western Michigan University | * | * | 88.4 | 88.4 |
2011
FSGP 2011 was held at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway in Indianapolis, Indiana, as part of the Indianapolis 500's 100th-anniversary celebrations. Minnesota's Centaurus II took first place overall.[13]
Results | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rank | Team | Day 1 Laps | Day 2 Laps | Day 3 Laps | Total Laps |
1 | University of Minnesota | 206 | 192 | 171 | 569 |
2 | Illinois State University | 175 | 191 | 164 | 530 |
3 | Northwestern University | 174 | 194 | 146 | 514 |
4 | Iowa State University | 83 | 164 | 156 | 403 |
5 | University of Kentucky | 125 | 67 | 125 | 317 |
6 | Western Michigan University | 101 | 15 | 91 | 207 |
6 | Michigan State University | 0 | 124 | 83 | 207 |
8 | Missouri S&T | 0 | 4 | 90 | 94 |
9 | University of Michigan | 90 | 70 | 48 | 43 |
10 | University of New Mexico | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
2012
FSGP 2012 was held at the Monticello Motor Club in Monticello, New York, and served as a qualifier for the 2012 American Solar Challenge. It was won by Michigan.[14]
Results | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rank | Team | Day 1 Laps | Day 2 Laps | Day 3 Laps | Penalty Laps | Total Laps |
1 | University of Michigan | 145 | 158 | 146 | 449 | |
2 | Iowa State University | 125 | 146 | 155 | 426 | |
3 | Western Michigan University | 120 | 119 | 127 | 366 | |
4 | Illinois State University | 88 | 131 | 131 | 350 | |
5 | Oregon State University | 84 | 80 | 19 | 2 | 181 |
6 | University of Minnesota | 109 | 0 | 71 | 180 | |
7 | Principia College | 103 | 58 | 0 | 10 | 151 |
8 | Polytechnique Montreal | 76 | 28 | 109 | 137 | |
9 | UC Berkeley | 0 | 110 | 0 | 110 | |
10 | Massachusetts Institute of Technology | 0 | 55 | 107 | 107 | |
11 | SUNY - New Paltz | 0 | 66 | 94 | 2 | 92 |
12 | Michigan State University | 0 | 0 | 50 | 50 | |
13 | University of New Mexico | 22 | 0 | 0 | 22 | |
14 | University of Kentucky | 0 | 0 | 6 | 6 |
2013
FSGP 2013 was held at Circuit of the Americas in Austin, Texas. Oregon State University's Phoenix took first place overall, while Illinois State University's Mercury IV finished one lap behind in second place, and Iowa State University's Hyperion finished one lap behind them in third place.[15]
Results | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rank | Team | Total Laps | Day 1 Laps | Day 2 Laps | Day 3 Laps | Penalty Laps | Fast Lap |
1 | Oregon State University | 193 | 65 | 66 | 63 | 1 | 5:26.565 |
2 | Illinois State University | 192 | 64 | 65 | 64 | 1 | 4:59.886 |
3 | Iowa State University | 191 | 61 | 52 | 78 | 4:42.289 | |
4 | Principia College | 184 | 56 | 54 | 74 | 4:46.005 | |
5 | Western Michigan University | 183 | 66 | 64 | 53 | 5:36.894 | |
6 | University of Texas | 121 | 34 | 42 | 60 | 15 | 5:02.661 |
7 | University of Waterloo | 20 | 0 | 0 | 20 | 6:33.359 | |
8 | Southern Illinois University Edwardsville | 10 | 7 | 1 | 2 | 7:25.008 | |
9 | Georgia Tech | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 2 | N/A |
2014
FSGP 2014 was again held at Circuit of the Americas and served as a qualifier for the 2014 American Solar Challenge. It was won by Michigan. The race was marred by an electrical fire in a garage causing many team's cars and equipment to be damaged by water from the complex's sprinkler system.[16]
Results | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rank | Team | Total Laps | Day 1 Laps | Day 2 Laps | Day 3 Laps | Penalty Laps | Fast Lap |
1 | University of Michigan | 174 | 69 | 51 | 54 | 5:05.490 | |
2 | Oregon State University | 124 | 46 | 26 | 52 | 4:56.344 | |
3 | University of Minnesota | 110 | 34 | 53 | 24 | 1 | 5:17.913 |
3 | Western Michigan University | 110 | 51 | 14 | 45 | 6:09.962 | |
5 | Iowa State University | 92 | 46 | 46 | 4:35.285 | ||
6 | Polytechnique Montreal | 91 | 32 | 17 | 42 | 6:07.705 | |
7 | Missouri S&T | 88 | 40 | 48 | 5:13.075 | ||
8 | Qazvin Islamic Azad University | 83 | 42 | 51 | 32 | 42 | 4:52.169 |
9 | École de technologie supérieure | 77 | 25 | 24 | 33 | 5 | 7:07.314 |
10 | Principia College | 66 | 54 | 13 | 1 | 4:36.109 | |
11 | University of Texas | 39 | 32 | 5 | 40 | 38 | 6:43.137 |
12 | Massachusetts Institute of Technology | 13 | 13 | 5:17.693 | |||
12 | Southern Illinois University Edwardsville | 13 | 11 | 3 | 1 | 14:55.801 | |
14 | University of Kentucky | 5 | 6 | 1 | 5:44.238 | ||
14 | UC Berkeley | 5 | 5 | 7:07.323 | |||
16 | Illinois State University | 0 | 13 | 14 | 27 | 5:31.655 | |
16 | University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez | 0 | 0 |
2015
FSGP 2015 was held again at Circuit of the Americas on July 29–31. It was won by Iowa State University with 223 total laps and a fast lap of 4:30.444, both track records for solar cars.[17] Hot weather forced most of the teams to have to pull into the pits at times to cool their batteries. The University of Calgary became the first Cruiser team to compete in FSGP.
Results | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rank | Team | Total Laps | Day 1 Laps | Day 2 Laps | Day 3 Laps | Penalty Laps | Fast Lap |
1 | Iowa State University | 223 | 76 | 70 | 77 | 4:30.444 | |
2 | Polytechnique Montreal | 192 | 61 | 63 | 68 | 4:53.313 | |
3 | Illinois State University | 185 | 69 | 56 | 60 | 5:05.834 | |
4 | Missouri S&T | 181 | 61 | 66 | 63 | 9 | 4:49.051 |
5 | Principia College | 136 | 50 | 40 | 46 | 5:24.838 | |
6 | University of Texas | 133 | 47 | 40 | 51 | 5 | 6:27.730 |
7 | UC Berkeley | 110 | 30 | 42 | 40 | 2 | 5:08.716 |
8 | McMaster University | 93 | 38 | 21 | 38 | 4 | 6:37.638 |
9 | University of Kentucky | 82 | 33 | 29 | 22 | 2 | 4:44.735 |
9* | University of Calgary (Cruiser)* | 84 | 20 | 21 | 43 | 5:33.886 | |
11 | Southern Illinois University Edwardsville | 66 | 28 | 16 | 22 | 5:40.215 | |
12 | University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez | 57 | 17 | 34 | 21 | 15 | 5:25.893 |
13 | Georgia Tech | 27 | 10 | 5 | 13 | 1 | 7:19.903 |
14 | University of Western Ontario | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
* Teams with a Cruiser Class vehicle tied below the next conventional team.
2016
FSGP 2016 took place at Pitt Race in Wampum, Pennsylvania on July 26–28, 2016. It served as a qualifier for the 2016 American Solar Challenge.[18] It was won by Michigan.
Results | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rank | Team | Total Laps | Day 1 Laps | Day 2 Laps | Day 3 Laps | Penalty Laps | Fast Lap |
1 | University of Michigan | 518 | 201 | 194 | 126 | 3 | 1:41 |
2 | Principia College | 454 | 170 | 172 | 112 | 2:04 | |
3 | Appalachian State University | 414 | 153 | 130 | 131 | 2:19 | |
4 | University of Minnesota (Cruiser) | 386 | 140 | 154 | 94 | 2 | 2:03 |
5 | Illinois State University | 327 | 120 | 117 | 90 | 1:54 | |
6 | Polytechnique Montreal | 321 | 107 | 118 | 96 | 1:59 | |
7 | École de technologie supérieure | 308 | 141 | 65 | 104 | 2 | 2:04 |
8 | University of Toronto | 304 | 83 | 165 | 61 | 5 | 2:07 |
9 | Iowa State University | 241 | 35 | 137 | 72 | 3 | 2:01 |
10 | UC Berkeley | 203 | 0 | 117 | 88 | 2 | 1:57 |
11 | Missouri S&T | 195 | 0 | 91 | 114 | 10 | 2:11 |
12 | McMaster University | 177 | 69 | 72 | 42 | 6 | 2:29 |
13 | Dunwoody College of Technology | 108 | 0 | 63 | 109 | 64 | 2:16 |
14 | University of Kentucky | 40 | 53 | 0 | 44 | 57 | 2:46 |
15 | Zurich University of Applied Sciences | 22 | 0 | 33 | 24 | 35 | 2:14 |
16 | Northwestern University | 21 | 0 | 6 | 24 | 9 | 2:33 |
2017
FSGP 2017 was held again at Circuit of the Americas on July 6–8. It was won by the CalSol team of UC Berkeley with 228 total laps.[19]
Results | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rank | Team | Day 1 Laps | Day 2 Laps | Day 3 Laps | Penalty Laps | Total Laps | Fast Lap |
1 | UC Berkeley | 72 | 74 | 82 | 0 | 228 | 4:35.848 |
2 | Appalachian State University | 70 | 72 | 76 | 0 | 218 | 5:14.071 |
3 | Polytechnique Montreal | 67 | 69 | 64 | 2 | 198 | 4:32.542 |
4 | École de technologie supérieure | 73 | 66 | 39 | 4 | 174 | 5:21.554 |
5 | Illinois State University | 46 | 62 | 64 | 0 | 172 | 4:56.347 |
6 | Georgia Tech | 40 | 25 | 39 | 15 | 89 | 8:09.185 |
7 | University of Kentucky | 30 | 28 | 22 | 0 | 80 | 4:34.297 |
8 | Missouri S&T | 14 | 20 | 54 | 19 | 69 | 5:14.117 |
9 | University of Texas | 9 | 29 | 31 | 9 | 60 | 8:16.501 |
10 | Southern Illinois University Edwardsville | 19 | 4 | 34 | 0 | 57 | 8:18.929 |
11 | University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez | 20 | 11 | 23 | 19 | 35 | 6:21.639 |
12 | Northwestern University | 4 | 6 | 18 | 16 | 12 | 6:38.000 |
13 | Principia College | 0 | 1 | 28 | 18 | 11 | 4:43.125 |
14 | Western Michigan University | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
2018
FSGP 2018 was held at Motorsports Park Hastings in Hastings, Nebraska on July 10–12. This year featured the first ever Multi-Occupant Vehicle (MOV) class at FSGP, which was won by University of Minnesota with triple the score of the runner-up, setting a record as the first team to win FSGP 5 times. The Single-Occupant Vehicle (SOV) class was won by Polytechnique Montreal with 403 laps.[20]
2019
FSGP 2019 was held at Circuit of the Americas in Austin, Texas on July 4–6. The Multi-Occupant Vehicle (MOV) class was won by University of Calgary with a Score of 24.188. The Single-Occupant Vehicle (SOV) class was won by Polytechnique Montreal with 230 laps.[21]
SOV Results | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rank | Team | Day 1 Laps | Day 2 Laps | Day 3 Laps | Penalty Laps | Total Laps | Fast Lap |
1 | Polytechnique Montreal | 81 | 79 | 73 | 3 | 230 | 4:17.123 |
2 | Principia College | 59 | 69 | 67 | 0 | 195 | 4:34.955 |
3 | University of Kentucky | 58 | 26 | 69 | 0 | 153 | 3:48.975 |
4 | University of Illinois | 14 | 60 | 40 | 3 | 111 | 4:54.896 |
5 | Western Michigan University | 43 | 26 | 40 | 3 | 106 | 7:12.832 |
6 | University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez | 25 | 31 | 32 | 15 | 73 | 7:17.059 |
7 | Illinois State University | 19 | 51 | 2 | 68 | 4:39.604 | |
8 | University of Florida | 23 | 37 | 8 | 52 | 6:46.549 | |
9 | Georgia Tech | 13 | 36 | 4 | 45 | 7:01.993 | |
10 | Northwestern University | 43 | 2 | 41 | 5:38.059 |
MOV Scoring | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Team | Score (S) | Target Spd Derate (T) | Completion (C) | # Ext Energy Use (E) [kWh] | Person-Mile Distance (D) [mi] | Avg Spd (Va) [mph] | Batt Capacity (Q) [kWh] | Mileage Driven [mi] | Penalty Miles [mi] |
University of Calgary | 24.188194444 | 1.000000000 | 100.00% | 34.560 | 835.944 | 30.257 | 17.280 | 417.972 | 0.000 |
UC Berkeley | 13.170718561 | 1.000000000 | 41.80% | 15.876 | 500.196 | 28.770 | 15.876 | 250.098 | 75.372 |
University of Waterloo | 0.544800069 | 1.000000000 | 9.02% | 15.876 | 95.928 | 28.148 | 15.876 | 47.964 | 10.278 |
MOV Lap Counts | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Team | Day 1 Laps | Day 2 Laps | Day 3 Laps | Penalty Laps | Total Laps | Fast Lap |
65 – University of Calgary | 33 | 27 | 62 | 0 | 122 | 5:05.971 |
6 – UC Berkeley | 0 | 24 | 49 | 22 | 51 | 6:02.774 |
24 – University of Waterloo | 0 | 14 | 3 | 11 | 6:08.452 |
2020
FSGP 2020 was planned to return to Heartland Park Topeka on July 10-16, 2020,[22] but was postponed to September[23] and ultimately cancelled[24] due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
2021
FSGP 2021 was held at Heartland Park Topeka on July 30-August 1, 2021. The Multi-Occupant Vehicle (MOV) class was won by University of Minnesota with a Score of 26.873. The Single-Occupant Vehicle (SOV) class was won by the University of Kentucky with 250 laps.[25]
SOV Results | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rank | Team | Day 1 Laps | Day 2 Laps | Day 3 Laps | Penalty Laps | Total Laps | Fast Lap |
1 | University of Kentucky | 68 | 92 | 90 | 0 | 250 | 03:21 |
2 | MIT | 65 | 83 | 91 | 8 | 239 | 3:19 |
3 | Illinois University | 82 | 62 | 86 | 11 | 230 | 4:08 |
4 | Illinois State | 42 | 86 | 78 | 2 | 206 | 3:19 |
5 | UC Berkeley | 25 | 74 | 91 | 9 | 190 | 3:34 |
6 | Georgia Tech | 5 | 66 | 76 | 7 | 147 | 3:26 |
7 | Principia College | 0 | 0 | 87 | 9 | 87 | 3:33 |
8 | Western Michigan University | 0 | 0 | 13 | 1 | 13 | 4:09 |
MOV Lap Counts | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rank | Team | Day 1 Laps | Day 2 Laps | Day 3 Laps | Penalty Laps | Total Laps | Fast Lap |
1 | University of Minnesota | 85 | 48 | 48 | 3 | 178 | 3:43 |
2 | Appalachian State | 0 | 81 | 50 | 2 | 129 | 3:43 |
3 | Iowa State | 0 | 2 | 33 | 6 | 29 | 3:44 |
4 | North Carolina State | 3 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 3 | 5:44 |
MOV Scoring Details | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Team | Score [S] | Speed Derate [T] | Completion [C] | Ext kWh [E] | Person-Miles [D] | Avg MPH [Va] | Battery kWh [Q] | Miles Driven | Penalty Miles |
University of Minnesota | 26.873720446 | 1.000000000 | 98.34% | 33.117 | 905 | 32.108 | 19.537 | 452.5 | 7.5 |
Appalachian State | 2.550194474 | 0.208508923 | 71.27% | 38.168 | 655 | 28.289 | 19.084 | 327.5 | 5 |
Iowa State | 0.051030000 | 0.056969393 | 16.02% | 31.298 | 175 | 26.873 | 15.649 | 87.5 | 15 |
North Carolina State | 0.000000006 | 0.000000746 | 1.66% | 55.964 | 25 | 14.603 | 25.392 | 12.5 | 5 |
See also
Other solar vehicle challenges
- American Solar Challenge
- The Solar Car Challenge, an annual event for high school students from the U.S. and (to a lesser extent) other parts of the world; first held in 1995
- South African Solar Challenge, a South African biennial event; first held in 2008
- World Solar Challenge, an Australian biennial world championship solar car race
References
- ^ FSGP Info Page
- ^ ASC/FSGP 2017 page
- ^ IEF Info Page
- ^ RHIT history
- ^ RHIT history
- ^ WMU Article
- ^ MST site
- ^ UMNSVP blog
- ^ MST site
- ^ FSGP 2005 video
- ^ New Paltz site
- ^ ASC/FSGP 2010 page
- ^ FSGP 2011 page
- ^ ASC/FSGP 2012 page
- ^ FSGP 2013 page
- ^ ASC/FSGP 2014 page
- ^ FSGP 2015 page
- ^ ASC/FSGP 2016 page
- ^ FSGP 2017 page
- ^ FSGP 2018 page
- ^ "2019 Formula Sun Grand Prix". American Solar Challenge. November 20, 2018. Retrieved July 30, 2019.
- ^ FSGP 2020 announcement
- ^ "ASC 2020 postponed | American Solar Challenge". Retrieved August 11, 2021.
- ^ "2020/2021 American Solar Challenge Regulations | American Solar Challenge". Retrieved August 11, 2021.
- ^ "Formula Sun Grand Prix 2021 | American Solar Challenge". Retrieved August 11, 2021.
External links
- americansolarchallenge
.org /about /formula-sun-grand-prix, the official website of the Formula Sun Grand Prix