Landshut

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This article is about the city in Bavaria. For other uses, see Landshut (disambiguation).
Landshut
Town
Coat of arms of Landshut
Coat of arms
Panorama
AdlkofenAhamAltdorfAltfraunhofenBaierbachBayerbach bei ErgoldsbachBodenkirchenBruckbergBuch am ErlbachEchingErgoldingErgoldsbachEssenbachFurthGeisenhausenGerzenHohenthannKröningKumhausenNeufahrnNeufraunhofenNiederaichbachObersüßbachPfeffenhausenPostauRottenburg an der LaaberSchalkhamTiefenbachVeldenVilsbiburgVilsheimWeihmichlWengWörth an der IsarWurmshamLandshutDingolfing-LandauErding (district)Freising (district)Kelheim (district)Mühldorf (district)Regensburg (district)Rottal-InnStraubing-Bogen
CountryGermany
StateBavaria
Admin. regionLower Bavaria
DistrictUrban district
Government
 • MayorHans Rampf
Area
 • Total65.7 km2 (25.4 sq mi)
Elevation
445 m (1,460 ft)
Population
 (2022-12-31)[1]
 • Total75,457
 • Density1,100/km2 (3,000/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
Postal codes
84001-84036
Dialling codes0871
Vehicle registrationLA
Websitewww.landshut.de

Landshut (Bavarian: Landshuad) is a city in Bavaria in the south-east of Germany, belonging to both Eastern and Southern Bavaria. Situated on the banks of the River Isar, Landshut is the capital of Lower Bavaria, one of the seven administrative regions of the Free State of Bavaria It is also the seat of the surrounding district, and with a population of more than 60,000. Landshut is the largest city in Lower Bavaria, followed by Passau and Straubing, and Eastern Bavaria's second biggest city after


Owing to its characteristic coat of arms, the city is also often called "Three Helmets City" (German: Dreihelmenstadt).

Due to its proximity and easy access to Munich and the Franz Josef Strauss International Airport, situated halfway between Munich and Landshut on the banks of the Isar, the city has East Bavaria's lowest unemployment rate (ca. 4.2% in October 2006), lower than the Bavarian average of ca. 5.8%.

Geography

Settings

Landshut lies in the centre of Lower Bavaria, and is part of the Alpine foothills. The River Isar runs through the city centre. Landshut is about 72 kilometres (45 mi) northeast of Munich.

Climate

The Cathedral of St. Martin with its bell tower
The Church of St. Jodok
The Landshut Wedding and the Church of the Holy Spirit

History

The Trausnitz castle

The city of Landshut and Trausnitz castle were founded in 1204 by Duke Louis I. Landshut was already a Wittelsbach residence by 1231, and in 1255, when the duchy of Bavaria was split in two, Landshut also became the capital of Lower Bavaria. Duke Henry XVI was the first of the three famous rich dukes who ruled Bayern-Landshut in the 15th century. The wedding of Duke George with the Polish Princess Royal Jadwiga Jagiellon in 1475 was celebrated in Landshut with one of the most splendid festivals of the Middle Ages (called "Landshuter Hochzeit"). After his death and the Landshut War of Succession, Bavaria-Landshut was reunited with Bavaria-Munich.

Louis X, Duke of Bavaria built the Landshut Residence 1537–1543 after his visit to Italy. Louis built the first Renaissance palace constructed north of the Alps after the Palazzo Te in Mantua. William V, Duke of Bavaria ordered to upgrade Trausnitz Castle from a gothic fortification into a renaissance complex when he lived in Landshut as crown prince for ten years until 1579. Afterwards Landshut lost most of its importance until the University of Ingolstadt was moved to Landshut in 1800. But already in 1826 the university was transferred to Munich.

During World War II, a subcamp of Dachau concentration camp was located in the city to provide slave labour for local industry.

The U.S. Army maintained facilities in Landshut, including Pinder Kaserne and a dependent housing area, until 1968.

Since the opening of Munich airport close to Landshut in 1992 the city has become an attractive business location.

Main sights and culture

The Ländtor
A view to Landshut

The city is of national importance because of its predominantly Gothic architecture within the historic city centre, especially Trausnitz Castle and the Church of Saint Martin featuring the world's tallest brick tower. Among other Gothic architecture are the churches of St. Jodok and Holy Spirit, but also the Town Hall and the Ländtor, the only still existing gate of the medieval fortification.

Landshut is also known for a festival celebrated every four years called the Landshuter Hochzeit, commemorating the 1475 marriage of George of Bavaria and Jadwiga Jagiellon.

The renaissance era produced in particular the decorated inner courtyard of the Trausnitz Castle and the ducal Landshut Residence in the inner city. Baroque churches are represented by the Jesuit church St. Ignatius, the Dominican church St. Blasius and the church of St. Joseph. Also the medieval churches of the Seligenthal Monastery and of the Cistercians were redesigned in baroque style. Many old middle-class houses of the past in the Old Town still represent the history of the city from the Gothic times to the Neo-Classicism.

Theatres

Cinemas

Museums

  • Skulpturenmuseum im Hofberg (Sculptural Museum in Hofberg)

Venues

Businesses

There are also two nuclear power plants located 14 km away from Landshut, Isar I (Inactive) and Isar II (Active until 2022).

Twinnings

File:Stamp Germany 2004 MiNr2376 Landshut.jpg
German postage stamp, 2004

People

Famous citizens

Honorary citizens

See also

References

  1. ^ Genesis Online-Datenbank des Bayerischen Landesamtes für Statistik Tabelle 12411-003r Fortschreibung des Bevölkerungsstandes: Gemeinden, Stichtag (Einwohnerzahlen auf Grundlage des Zensus 2011) (Hilfe dazu).

External links

Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Landshut" . Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.

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