Tynda
| Tynda (English) Тында (Russian) |
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| - Town[citation needed] - | |
 Residential towers in Tynda |
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 Tynda
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| Coordinates: 55°10′N 124°43′E / 55.167°N 124.717°ECoordinates: 55°10′N 124°43′E / 55.167°N 124.717°E | |
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| Administrative status (as of December 2008) | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Amur Oblast |
| Administratively subordinated to | Tynda Urban Okrug[1] |
| Administrative center of | Tyndinsky District, Tynda Urban Okrug[1] |
| Municipal status (as of December 2005) | |
| Urban okrug | Tynda Urban Okrug[2] |
| Administrative center of | Tynda Urban Okrug[2] |
| Mayor[citation needed] | Mark Shults[citation needed] |
| Statistics | |
| Population (2010 Census, preliminary) |
35,574 inhabitants[3] |
| Population (2002 Census) | 40,094 inhabitants[4] |
| Time zone | YAKST (UTC+10:00)[5] |
| Founded | 1917[citation needed] |
| Postal code(s) | 676280–676290[citation needed] |
| Dialing code(s) | +7 41656[citation needed] |
| Official website | |
Tynda (Russian: Ты́нда) is a town in Amur Oblast, Russia, located 568 kilometers (353 mi) northwest of Blagoveshchensk. It is an important railway junction, often referred to as the capital of the BAM. The name is of Evenk origin translated roughly as "on the river bank". Population: 35,574 (2010 Census preliminary results);[3] 40,094 (2002 Census);[4] 61,996 (1989 Census).[6]
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[edit] Geography
The town is located at an elevation of 500 meters (1,600 ft) above sea level, near where the Getkan joins the Tynda River, after which the town was named. The Tynda then flows into the Gilyuy, a tributary of the Zeya, a few kilometers east of the town.
[edit] History
The settlement of Shkaruby was founded in 1917 on the present site of Tynda, as a rest stop and winter camp on the route from the Amur to the newly-discovered gold fields on the Timpton River, a tributary of the Aldan. In 1928, in conjunction with construction of the highway to Yakutsk, it was renamed Tyndinsky (Ты́ндинский) as a work settlement.
In 1932, plans for what would eventually become the Baikal Amur Mainline (BAM) named Tynda as a possible future hub station. A 180 km long rail line, connecting Tynda with BAM station (known known as Bamovskaya) near Skovorodino on the Trans-Siberian Railway was constructed between 1933 and 1937, although this was then dismantled during the second world war and the rails reused for other projects closer to the front. In 1941, the town received Urban-type settlement status.
The revival of the construction of the BAM as an All-Union Komsomol Project in the early 1970s saw the reconstruction of the rail line between Bamovskaya and Tyndinsky, followed by the construction of the BAM east and west of the town. The town and its hub station were placed under the patronage of Komsomol brigades from Moscow, befitting its status as symbolic capital of the BAM. As its population grew due to the construction, the settlement was granted town status and received its present name on November 14, 1975.
The Amur Yakutsk Mainline (AYaM) also began construction from Tynda, with the section to Neryungri completed in 1977. The AYaM currently sees passenger services as far as Tommot in the Sakha Republic, with completion to Yakutsk expected in 2013.
The full extent of the BAM opened for full use in 1989, with the exception of the Severomuysky Tunnel. Tynda went into a decline after the BAM was completed, as the utilization of the mainline turned out to be low. Tynda's population has dropped by over 30% since the dissolution of the Soviet Union, from a high of 61,996 inhabitants recorded in the 1989 soviet census, to an estimated population of around 38,000 in 2008.[7]
[edit] Administrative and municipal status
Administratively, it is incorporated as Tynda Urban Okrug—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.[1] Municipally, this administrative unit also has the urban okrug status.[2]
[edit] Demographics
Russians, Ukrainians, and Belarusians make up the majority of the town's population. Around 1,500 North Korean loggers worked in the region as of 2007, strictly prohibited from speaking with journalists and residing in isolated camps which are closed to all other people.[7]
[edit] Economy and infrastructure
Tynda is the crossing point for the Baikal Amur Mainline and Amur Yakutsk Mainline railways, the town's station is one of the most important on both lines and possesses a large locomotive depot.
Other than railway-related activities, the town's economy relies largely on the timber industry, with the Tyndales corporation based here. The M56 motorway to Yakutsk also passes through the town.
The town is served by the Tynda Airport, located 15 km to the north. After being closed for a number of years, air services from Blagoveshchensk via Zeya resumed in 2007.[8]
[edit] International relations
[edit] Twin towns/sister cities
Tynda is twinned with:
[edit] References
[edit] Notes
- ^ a b c Law #127-OZ
- ^ a b c Law #414-OZ
- ^ a b Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Federal State Statistics Service) (2011). "Предварительные итоги Всероссийской переписи населения 2010 года (Preliminary results of the 2010 All-Russian Population Census)" (in Russian). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census). Federal State Statistics Service. http://www.perepis-2010.ru/results_of_the_census/results-inform.php. Retrieved February 9, 2012.
- ^ a b Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Federal State Statistics Service) (May 21, 2004). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек (Population of Russia, its federal districts, federal subjects, districts, urban localities, rural localities—administrative centers, and rural localities with population of over 3,000)" (in Russian). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2002). Federal State Statistics Service. http://www.perepis2002.ru/ct/doc/1_TOM_01_04.xls. Retrieved February 9, 2012.
- ^ Правительство Российской Федерации. Постановление №725 от 31 августа 2011 г. «О составе территорий, образующих каждую часовую зону, и порядке исчисления времени в часовых зонах, а также о признании утратившими силу отдельных Постановлений Правительства Российской Федерации». Вступил в силу по истечении 7 дней после дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Российская Газета", №197, 6 сентября 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Resolution #725 of August 31, 2011 On the Composition of the Territories Included into Each Time Zone and on the Procedures of Timekeeping in the Time Zones, as Well as on Abrogation of Several Resolutions of the Government of the Russian Federation. Effective as of after 7 days following the day of the official publication.).
- ^ "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров. (All Union Population Census of 1989. Present population of union and autonomous republics, autonomous oblasts and okrugs, krais, oblasts, districts, urban settlements, and villages serving as district administrative centers.)" (in Russian). Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года (All-Union Population Census of 1989). Demoscope Weekly (website of the Institute of Demographics of the State University—Higher School of Economics. 1989. http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/rus89_reg.php. Retrieved February 9, 2012.
- ^ a b "In pictures: Siberian showcase's decline". BBC. 2007-07-27. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/in_pictures/6918885.stm. Retrieved December 27, 2009.
- ^ Interrupted flight in the Amurskaya Pravda, 25 August 2007 (Russian)
[edit] Sources
- Амурский областной Совет народных депутатов. Закон №127-ОЗ от 23 декабря 2005 г. «О порядке решения вопросов административно-территориального устройства Амурской области», в ред. Закона №164-ОЗ от 29 декабря 2008 г «О внесении изменений в закон Амурской области "О порядке решения вопросов административно-территориального устройства Амурской области"». Вступил в силу со дня первого официального опубликования, за исключением подпункта "б" пункта 2 статьи 7, вступающего в силу с 1 января 2006 г. Опубликован: "Амурская правда", №11, 24 января 2006 г. (Amur Oblast Council of People's Deputies. Law #127-OZ of December 23, 2005 On the Procedures of Handling the Issues of the Administrative and Territorial Structure of Amur Oblast, as amended by the Law #164-OZ of December 29, 2008 On Amending the Law of Amur Oblast "On the Procedures of Handling the Issues of the Administrative and Territorial Structure of Amur Oblast". Effective as of the day of the first official publication, with the exception of subitem "b" of item 2 of Article 7, which is effective January 1, 2006.).
- Амурский областной Совет народных депутатов. Закон №414-ОЗ от 19 января 2005 г. «О наделении муниципального образования города Тында статусом городского округа и об установлении его границ», в ред. Закона №100-ОЗ от 5 декабря 2005 г «Об образовании Беленького сельсовета в Тындинском районе и внесении изменений в отдельные Законы области по вопросам административно-территориального устройства области». Вступил в силу по истечении десяти дней со дня первого официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Амурская правда", №19–20, 26 января 2005 г. (Amur Oblast Council of People's Deputies. Law #414-OZ of January 19, 2005 On Granting the Municipal Formation of the Town of Tynda the Urban Okrug Status and on Establishing Its Borders, as amended by the Law #100-OZ of December 5, 2005 On Establishing Belenky Selsoviet in Tyndinsky District and on Amending Several Laws of the Oblast on the Administrative-Territorial Structure of the Oblast. Effective as of the day after ten days from the day of the first official publication have passed.).
[edit] External links
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