Tomarctus: Difference between revisions
removed Category:Miocene mammals; added Category:Miocene carnivorans using HotCat |
No edit summary |
||
(38 intermediate revisions by 28 users not shown) | |||
Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{Short description|Extinct genus of carnivores}} |
|||
{{Taxobox |
|||
{{Automatic taxobox |
|||
|name = ''Tomarctus'' |
|||
|fossil_range = early to middle [[Miocene]] {{fossilrange|20.43|13.6}} |
| fossil_range = early to middle [[Miocene]] {{fossilrange|20.43|13.6}} |
||
| image = Tomarctus temerarius cropped.jpg |
|||
|regnum = [[Animal]]ia |
|||
| |
| image_caption = T. temerarius skull, now synonymous of T. brevirostris |
||
| display_parents = 3 |
|||
| image_width = 250px |
|||
| |
| taxon = Tomarctus |
||
⚫ | |||
|phylum = [[Chordata]] |
|||
⚫ | |||
|classis = [[Mammalia]] |
|||
| subdivision_ranks = Species |
|||
|ordo = [[Carnivora]] |
|||
⚫ | | subdivision_ref = <ref name="Wang1999">{{cite journal| last = Wang| first = Xiaoming|author2=Richard Tedford |author3=Beryl Taylor | title = Phylogenetic systematics of the Borophaginae| journal = Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History| volume = 243| date = 1999-11-17| url = http://www.nhm.org/expeditions/rrc/wang/documents/Wangetal1999borophaginemonographpart1.pdf| accessdate = 2007-07-08 }}</ref> |
||
|familia = [[Canidae]] |
|||
⚫ | |||
|subfamilia = †[[Borophaginae]] |
|||
|genus = '''''Tomarctus''''' |
|||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | | |
||
|subdivision = |
|||
⚫ | |||
* †''T. hippophaga '' |
* †''T. hippophaga '' |
||
| range_map=Tomarctus range.png |
| range_map = Tomarctus range.png |
||
| range_map_caption=Range of Tomarctus based on fossil distribution |
| range_map_caption = Range of ''Tomarctus'' based on fossil distribution |
||
}} |
}} |
||
'''''Tomarctus''''' is a [[canidae| |
'''''Tomarctus''''' is a [[canidae|canid]] [[genus]] of the [[extinct]] [[subfamily]] [[Borophaginae]] which inhabited most of [[North America]] during the late [[Early Miocene]] to the [[Barstovian|Early Barstovian]] age of the [[Middle Miocene]] (23—16 million years ago). ''Tomarctus'' existed for approximately {{Mya|20.43-13.6|million years}}. |
||
This animal shared a period and ecology with a variety of [[bear dog]]s, giant [[mustelid]] genera, and the genus of bone-crushing Canidae, ''[[Cynarctoides]]''. As the bear dogs and giant mustelids became extinct, ''Tomarctus'' were a [[hyena]]-like fruit-eating canidae. |
|||
<!-- ==Morphology== |
<!-- ==Morphology== |
||
Line 32: | Line 26: | ||
The genus currently contains two accepted species, ''Tomarctus brevirostris'' and ''Tomarctus hippophaga''. |
The genus currently contains two accepted species, ''Tomarctus brevirostris'' and ''Tomarctus hippophaga''. |
||
''Tomarctus brevirostris'', synonymous with ''Aelurodon francisi'', was named by [[Edward Drinker Cope]] in 1873. Fossil specimens have been found as far south as [[Panama]], east to Plum Point, [[Maryland]], west to [[California]], and north to [[Montana]].<ref name="Pbdbbrevirostris">[http://paleodb.org/cgi-bin/bridge.pl?action=checkTaxonInfo&taxon_no=41246&is_real_user=1 Paleobiology Database: Tomarctus brevirostris]</ref> |
''Tomarctus brevirostris'', synonymous with ''Aelurodon francisi'', was named by [[Edward Drinker Cope]] in 1873. Fossil specimens have been found as far south as [[Panama]], east to Plum Point, [[Maryland]], west to [[California]], and north to [[Montana]].<ref name="Pbdbbrevirostris">[http://paleodb.org/cgi-bin/bridge.pl?action=checkTaxonInfo&taxon_no=41246&is_real_user=1 Paleobiology Database: Tomarctus brevirostris]</ref> |
||
''Tomarctus hippophaga'' was first described by Matthew and Cook in 1909 from the [[Trojan Quarry]], [[Olcott Formation]], [[Nebraska]]. Specimens have since been found as far west as [[California]] and as far north as the [[Montana]]/[[Alberta, Canada]] line.<ref name="Pbdbhippophaga">[http://paleodb.org/cgi-bin/bridge.pl?action=checkTaxonInfo&taxon_no=52381&is_real_user=1 Paleobiology Database: Tomarctus hippophaga]</ref> |
''Tomarctus hippophaga'' was first described by Matthew and Cook in 1909 from the [[Trojan Quarry]], [[Olcott Formation]], [[Nebraska]]. Specimens have since been found as far west as [[California]] and as far north as the [[Montana]]/[[Alberta, Canada]] line.<ref name="Pbdbhippophaga">[http://paleodb.org/cgi-bin/bridge.pl?action=checkTaxonInfo&taxon_no=52381&is_real_user=1 Paleobiology Database: Tomarctus hippophaga]</ref> |
||
Line 41: | Line 35: | ||
*Tedford, R.H. 1978. History of dogs and cats: A view from the fossil record. Pages 1 – 10 in Nutrition and Management of Dogs and Cats. Ralston Purina Co.: St. Louis. |
*Tedford, R.H. 1978. History of dogs and cats: A view from the fossil record. Pages 1 – 10 in Nutrition and Management of Dogs and Cats. Ralston Purina Co.: St. Louis. |
||
*[http://paleodb.org/cgi-bin/bridge.pl?action=checkTaxonInfo&taxon_no=41246&is_real_user=1 - Bio One Data Base - Tomarctus] |
*[http://paleodb.org/cgi-bin/bridge.pl?action=checkTaxonInfo&taxon_no=41246&is_real_user=1 - Bio One Data Base - Tomarctus] |
||
[[File:Tomarctus brevirostris.png|thumb|412x412px|Reconstruction of Tomarctus brevirostris.]] |
|||
{{Canidae extinct nav}} |
{{Canidae extinct nav}} |
||
{{Taxonbar|from=Q2193177}} |
|||
[[Category:Borophagines]] |
[[Category:Borophagines]] |
||
[[Category:Miocene |
[[Category:Miocene canids]] |
||
[[Category: |
[[Category:Serravallian extinctions]] |
||
[[Category:Prehistoric mammals of North America]] |
[[Category:Prehistoric mammals of North America]] |
||
[[Category:Prehistoric carnivoran genera]] |
|||
[[Category:Burdigalian first appearances]] |
|||
[[Category:Taxa named by Edward Drinker Cope]] |
|||
[[Category:Fossil taxa described in 1873]] |
|||
{{paleo-carnivora-stub}} |
{{paleo-carnivora-stub}} |
||
{{ |
{{canid-stub}} |
||
[[it:Tomarctus]] |
|||
[[nl:Tomarctus]] |
|||
[[no:Tomarctus]] |
|||
[[sv:Tomarctus]] |
Revision as of 19:17, 1 April 2023
Tomarctus Temporal range: early to middle Miocene
| |
---|---|
T. temerarius skull, now synonymous of T. brevirostris | |
Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Mammalia |
Order: | Carnivora |
Family: | Canidae |
Subfamily: | †Borophaginae |
Tribe: | †Borophagini |
Subtribe: | †Aelurodontina |
Genus: | †Tomarctus Cope, 1873 |
Type species | |
†Tomarctus brevirostris | |
Species[1] | |
| |
Range of Tomarctus based on fossil distribution |
Tomarctus is a canid genus of the extinct subfamily Borophaginae which inhabited most of North America during the late Early Miocene to the Early Barstovian age of the Middle Miocene (23—16 million years ago). Tomarctus existed for approximately 6.83 million years.
This animal shared a period and ecology with a variety of bear dogs, giant mustelid genera, and the genus of bone-crushing Canidae, Cynarctoides. As the bear dogs and giant mustelids became extinct, Tomarctus were a hyena-like fruit-eating canidae.
Species
The genus currently contains two accepted species, Tomarctus brevirostris and Tomarctus hippophaga.
Tomarctus brevirostris, synonymous with Aelurodon francisi, was named by Edward Drinker Cope in 1873. Fossil specimens have been found as far south as Panama, east to Plum Point, Maryland, west to California, and north to Montana.[2]
Tomarctus hippophaga was first described by Matthew and Cook in 1909 from the Trojan Quarry, Olcott Formation, Nebraska. Specimens have since been found as far west as California and as far north as the Montana/Alberta, Canada line.[3]
References
- ^ Wang, Xiaoming; Richard Tedford; Beryl Taylor (1999-11-17). "Phylogenetic systematics of the Borophaginae" (PDF). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 243. Retrieved 2007-07-08.
- ^ Paleobiology Database: Tomarctus brevirostris
- ^ Paleobiology Database: Tomarctus hippophaga
- Martin, L.D. 1989. Fossil history of the terrestrial carnivora. Pages 536 - 568 in J.L. Gittleman, editor. Carnivore Behavior, Ecology, and Evolution, Vol. 1. Comstock Publishing Associates: Ithaca.
- Tedford, R.H. 1978. History of dogs and cats: A view from the fossil record. Pages 1 – 10 in Nutrition and Management of Dogs and Cats. Ralston Purina Co.: St. Louis.
- - Bio One Data Base - Tomarctus