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| name = Mercer Ellington
| name = Mercer Ellington
| image = Mercer Ellington.jpg
| image = Mercer Ellington.jpg
| image_size = 250
| image_size = 260px
| landscape = yes
| landscape = -
| caption = Ellington in concert at the [[University of Rochester]], 1975. <small>Photo by [[Tom Marcello]]</small>
| caption = Ellington in concert at the [[University of Rochester]], 1975, photo by [[Tom Marcello]]
| background = non_vocal_instrumentalist
| background = non_vocal_instrumentalist
| birth_name = Mercer Kennedy Ellington
| birth_name = Mercer Kennedy Ellington
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1919|3|11}}
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1919|3|11}}
| birth_place = [[Washington, D.C.]], U.S.
| birth_place = [[Washington, D.C.]], U.S.
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1996|2|8|1919|3|11}}<ref>[https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituarymercer-ellington-1318230.html Obit - Mercer Ellington]</ref>
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1996|2|8|1919|3|11}}<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituarymercer-ellington-1318230.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220512/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituarymercer-ellington-1318230.html |archive-date=May 12, 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|title=OBITUARY:Mercer Ellington|date=February 10, 1996|newspaper=[[The Independent]]|access-date=October 13, 2019}}</ref>
| death_place = [[Copenhagen]], [[Denmark]]
| death_place = [[Copenhagen]], [[Denmark]]
| genre = {{hlist|[[Jazz]]|[[swing music|swing]]|[[big band]]}}
| genre = {{hlist|[[Jazz]]|[[swing music|swing]]|[[big band]]}}
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}}
}}


'''Mercer Kennedy Ellington'''<ref>[https://www.npr.org/2011/04/22/135629755/mercer-ellington-on-piano-jazz NPR Music - Mercer Ellington On Piano Jazz]</ref> (March 11, 1919 – February 8, 1996) was an American musician, composer, and arranger.
'''Mercer Kennedy Ellington'''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.npr.org/2011/04/22/135629755/mercer-ellington-on-piano-jazz|title=Mercer Ellington On Piano Jazz|website=Npr.org|access-date=October 13, 2019}}</ref> (March 11, 1919 – February 8, 1996) was an American musician, composer, and arranger. His father was [[Duke Ellington]], whose band Mercer led for 20 years after his father's death.<ref name="Larkin">{{cite book|title=[[Encyclopedia of Popular Music|The Virgin Encyclopedia of Popular Music]]|editor=Colin Larkin|editor-link=Colin Larkin (writer)|publisher=[[Virgin Books]]|date=1997|edition=Concise|isbn=1-85227-745-9|pages=426/7}}</ref>


==Biography==
==Biography==
===Early life and education===
===Early life and education===
Ellington was born in [[Washington, D.C.]] He was the only child of the composer, pianist, and bandleader [[Duke Ellington]] and his high school sweetheart Edna Thompson (d. 1967). Ellington grew up primarily in Harlem from the age of 8. By the age of eighteen, Ellington had written his first piece to be recorded by his father ("Pigeons and Peppers"). Ellington attended [[New College, Teachers College, Columbia University|New College for the Education of Teachers]] at [[Columbia University]], [[New York University]] and the [[Juilliard School]].
Ellington was born in [[Washington, D.C.]], United States.<ref name="Larkin"/> He was the only child of the composer, pianist, and bandleader [[Duke Ellington]] and his high school sweetheart Edna Thompson (d. 1967), whom Duke married in 1918 and never divorced. Ellington grew up primarily in [[Harlem]] from the age of eight. By the age of eighteen, Ellington had written his first piece to be recorded by his father ("Pigeons and Peppers"). Ellington attended [[New College, Teachers College, Columbia University|New College for the Education of Teachers]] at [[Columbia University]], [[New York University]] and the [[Juilliard School]].<ref name="Larkin"/>


===Career===
===Career===
In 1939, 1959, and 1946 through 1949, Ellington led his own bands, many of whose members went on to play with his father, or to achieve independent fame (notably [[Dizzy Gillespie]], [[Kenny Dorham]], [[Idrees Sulieman]], [[Chico Hamilton]], [[Charles Mingus]], and [[Carmen McRae]]). During the 1940s, in particular, Ellington wrote pieces that became [[Jazz standard|standards]], including "[[Things Ain't What They Used to Be]]", "Jumpin' Punkins", "Moon Mist", and "Blue Serge". Ellington also wrote the lyrics to Hillis Walters' popular song, "Pass Me By" (1946), which was recorded by [[Lena Horne]], [[Carmen McRae]] and [[Peggy Lee]].
In 1939, 1959, and 1946 through 1949, Ellington led his own bands, many of whose members later performed with his father, or achieved a successful career in their own right (including [[Dizzy Gillespie]], [[Kenny Dorham]], [[Idrees Sulieman]], [[Chico Hamilton]], [[Charles Mingus]], and [[Carmen McRae]]).<ref name="Larkin"/> During the 1940s, in particular, Ellington wrote pieces that became [[Jazz standard|standards]], including "[[Things Ain't What They Used to Be]]", "Jumpin' Punkins", "Moon Mist", and "Blue Serge".<ref name="Larkin"/> Ellington also wrote the lyrics to Hillis Walters' popular song, "Pass Me By" (1946), which was recorded by [[Lena Horne]], [[Carmen McRae]] and [[Peggy Lee]].


Ellington composed for his father from 1940 until 1941, and later worked as road manager for [[Cootie Williams]]' orchestra (1941 until 1943 and again in 1954). Ellington returned to work for his father playing [[tenor horn|alto horn]] in 1950, and then as general manager and [[copyist]] from 1955 until 1959. In 1960, Ellington became [[Della Reese]]'s musical director, then later went on take a job as a radio [[Disc jockey|DJ]] in New York for three years beginning in 1962. In 1965, Ellington again returned to his father's orchestra, this time as trumpeter and road manager. When his father died in 1974, Ellington took over the orchestra, traveling on tour to Europe in 1975 and 1977. (His son Edward Ellington played in the band in the late 1970s. His son Paul Mercer Ellington took it over at a later date.) In the early 1980s, Ellington became the first conductor for a [[Broadway theatre|Broadway]] musical of his father's music, ''[[Sophisticated Ladies]]'' which ran from 1981 until 1983. Mercer's ''[[Digital Duke]]'' won the 1988 [[Grammy Award for Best Large Jazz Ensemble Album]]. From 1982 until early 1990s, the Duke Ellington Orchestra included Barrie Lee Hall, Rocky White, Tommy James, [[Gregory Charles Royal]], J.J. Wiggins, [[Onzy Matthews]], and Shelly Carrol among others.
Ellington composed for his father from 1940 until 1941, and later worked as road manager for [[Cootie Williams]]' orchestra (1941 until 1943 and again in 1954). Ellington returned to work for his father playing [[tenor horn|alto horn]] in 1950, and then as general manager and [[copyist]] from 1955 until 1959.<ref name="Larkin"/> In 1960, Ellington became [[Della Reese]]'s musical director, then later went on take a job as a radio [[Disc jockey|DJ]] in New York for three years beginning in 1962. In 1965, Ellington again returned to his father's orchestra, this time as trumpeter and road manager.<ref name="Larkin"/> When his father died in 1974, Ellington took over the orchestra, traveling on tour to Europe in 1975 and 1977.<ref name="Larkin"/> (His son Edward Ellington played in the band in the late 1970s. His son Paul Mercer Ellington took it over at a later date.) In the early 1980s, Ellington became the first conductor for a [[Broadway theatre|Broadway]] musical of his father's music, ''[[Sophisticated Ladies]]'' which ran from 1981 until 1983.<ref name="Larkin"/> Mercer's ''[[Digital Duke]]'' won the 1988 [[Grammy Award for Best Large Jazz Ensemble Album]]. From 1982 until early 1990s, the Duke Ellington Orchestra included Barrie Lee Hall, Rocky White, Tommy James, [[Gregory Charles Royal]], J.J. Wiggins, [[Onzy Matthews]], and Shelly Carrol among others.


===Death and legacy===
===Death and legacy===
Ellington died of a heart attack on February 8, 1996 at age 76.<ref name=NYTobit>Watrous, Peter. [https://www.nytimes.com/1996/02/10/arts/mercer-ellington-76-leader-of-father-s-band.html "Mercer Ellington, 76, Leader of Father's Band"]. ''The New York Times''. February 10, 1996. Retrieved 2013-03-22.</ref> His daughter Mercedes Ellington is president of the Duke Ellington Center for the Arts.<ref>{{cite web |author=Amra Alirejsovic |url=http://www.voanews.com/content/legacy-of-duke-ellington-remembered-91687999/116220.html |title=Legacy of Duke Ellington Remembered |publisher=Voanews.com |date=April 20, 2010 |accessdate=2013-02-02}}</ref> After Ellington died, his son Paul became the executor of both his and the Duke Ellington estate<ref>DukeEllington.com [http://www.dukeellington.com/paulvideo.html "Paul Ellington"]. Retrieved on September 18, 2009.</ref><ref>[http://www.exploredance.com/birdland9903.html Exploredance.com]</ref> and kept the Duke Ellington Orchestra alive.<ref>Entertainment Booking Agency, [http://www.bookingentertainment.com/artists/jazz/booking-the-duke-ellington-orchestra.php "The Duke Ellington Orchestra"]. Retrieved on September 18, 2009.</ref> Ellington's eldest grandson, Edward Kennedy Ellington II, is also a musician and maintains a small salaried band known as the Duke Ellington Legacy, which frequently comprises the core of the big band operated by The Duke Ellington Center for the Arts.
Ellington died of a heart attack on February 8, 1996, at age 76.<ref name=NYTobit>Watrous, Peter. [https://www.nytimes.com/1996/02/10/arts/mercer-ellington-76-leader-of-father-s-band.html "Mercer Ellington, 76, Leader of Father's Band"]. ''[[The New York Times]]''. February 10, 1996. Retrieved 2013-03-22.</ref> His daughter Mercedes Ellington is president of the Duke Ellington Center for the Arts.<ref>{{cite web |author=Amra Alirejsovic |url=http://www.voanews.com/content/legacy-of-duke-ellington-remembered-91687999/116220.html |title=Legacy of Duke Ellington Remembered |publisher=Voanews.com |date=April 20, 2010 |access-date=2013-02-02}}</ref> After Ellington died, his son Paul became the executor of both his and the Duke Ellington estate<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.dukeellington.com/paulvideo.html|title=Duke Ellington Estate Welcome Video|website=Dukeellington.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://exploredance.com/article.htm?id=878|title=ExploreDance|website=Exploredance.com}}</ref> and kept the Duke Ellington Orchestra alive.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bookingentertainment.com/artists/jazz/booking-the-duke-ellington-orchestra.php|title=The Duke Ellington Orchestra Booking Agent Info & Pricing &#124; Private & Corporate Events - Booking Entertainment|date=June 13, 2013|website=Booking Entertainment Booking Agency}}</ref> Ellington's eldest grandson, Edward Kennedy Ellington II, is also a musician and maintains a small salaried band known as the Duke Ellington Legacy, which frequently comprises the core of the big band operated by The Duke Ellington Center for the Arts.


==Personal life==
==Personal life==
His daughter Mercedes was born in 1939 to Ellington and Ruth Batts, to whom he was never married. Ellington was married three times. His first marriage was to Evelyn Walker from 1942 until 1976, with whom he had two children: Gayl Ellington and Edward Ellington II.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Y8ADAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA28&dq=mercer+ellington+wife&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjg0-GlvfnXAhUF6oMKHc5AD_8Q6AEIKTAA#v=onepage&q=mercer%20ellington%20wife&f=false |title=Mercer Ellington,Wife Hit A Sour Note And Separate |author=JET Magazine|date=May 20, 1976 |website=Google Books |publisher= Johnson Publishing |access-date=December 7, 2017 |quote=}}</ref> Ellington's second marriage was to singer and actress [[Della Reese]] in April 1961. The marriage was later annulled in June of that year after it was determined Ellington's previous [[Mexican divorce]] was ruled invalid.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ssMBzqrUpjwC&pg=PA546&dq=mercer+ellington+della+reese&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwilh7byv_nXAhWI6oMKHR-GCngQ6AEIKTAA#v=onepage&q=mercer%20ellington%20della%20reese&f=false |title=Notable Black American Women, Book 2 |author=<!--Not stated--> |date=1996 |website=Google Books |publisher= VNR AG. |access-date=December 7, 2017 |quote=}}</ref> His third marriage was to Lene Margrethe Scheid from 1978 until his death in 1996. Together, Ellington and Scheid had one child, Paul Ellington (b. 1979).<ref>{{cite web |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OsMDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA58&dq=Paul+Mercer+Ellington&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiV-L7_wvnXAhVF4IMKHZ7tAL8Q6AEIOjAD#v=onepage&q=Paul%20Mercer%20Ellington&f=false |title= Stars Who Make Big Money After Death |author=JET Magazine|date=June 23, 1997 |website=Google Books |publisher=Johnson Publishing|access-date=December 7, 2017 |quote=}}</ref>
His daughter Mercedes was born in 1939 to Ruth Batts. Ellington was married three times. His first marriage was to Evelyn Walker from 1942 until 1976, with whom he had two children: Gayl Ellington and Edward Ellington II.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Y8ADAAAAMBAJ&q=mercer+ellington+wife&pg=PA28 |title=Mercer Ellington, Wife Hit A Sour Note And Separate |date=May 20, 1976 |website=Google Books |publisher= Johnson Publishing |access-date=December 7, 2017 |page=28}}</ref> Ellington's second marriage was to singer and actress [[Della Reese]] in April 1961. The marriage was later annulled in June of that year after it was determined Ellington's previous [[Mexican divorce]] was invalid.<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ssMBzqrUpjwC&q=mercer+ellington+della+reese&pg=PA546 |title=Notable Black American Women, Book 2 |author=<!--Not stated--> |date=1996 |publisher= VNR AG. |access-date=December 7, 2017 |page=546|isbn=9780810391772 }}</ref> His third marriage was to Lene Margrethe Scheid from 1978 until his death in 1996. Together, Ellington and Scheid had one child, Paul Ellington (b. 1979).<ref>{{cite web |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OsMDAAAAMBAJ&q=Paul+Mercer+Ellington&pg=PA58 |title= Stars Who Make Big Money After Death |date=June 23, 1997 |website=Google Books |publisher=Johnson Publishing|access-date=December 7, 2017 |page=58}}</ref>


==Discography==
==Discography==
===As leader===
===As leader===
* ''Steppin' into Swing Society'' ([[Coral Records|Coral]], 1958)
* ''Steppin' into Swing Society'' ([[Coral Records|Coral]], 1958)
* ''Colors in Rhythm'' (1959)
* ''Colors in Rhythm'' (Coral, 1959)
* ''Black and Tan Fantasy'' ([[MCA Records|MCA]], 1974)
* ''Black and Tan Fantasy'' ([[MCA Records|MCA]], 1974)
* ''Continuum'' ([[Fantasy Records|Fantasy]], 1975)
* ''Continuum'' ([[Fantasy Records|Fantasy]], 1975)
* ''Hot and Bothered'' (Doctor Jazz, 1984)
* ''[[Hot and Bothered (A Re-Creation)]]'' ([[Doctor Jazz Records|Doctor Jazz]], 1985)
* ''[[Digital Duke]]'' ([[GRP Records|GRP]], 1987)
* ''[[Digital Duke]]'' ([[GRP Records|GRP]], 1987)
* ''Music Is My Mistress'' ([[Musical Heritage Society|Musicmasters]], 1989)
* ''Music Is My Mistress'' ([[Musical Heritage Society|Musicmasters]], 1989)
* ''Take the Holiday Train'' (Special Music, 1992)
* ''Take the Holiday Train'' (Special Music, 1992)
* ''Marian McPartland's Piano Jazz with Guest Mercer Ellington'' (Jazz Alliance, 1994)
* ''Marian McPartland's Piano Jazz with Guest Mercer Ellington'' (Jazz Alliance, 1994)
* ''Only God Can Make a Tree'' (Musicmasters, 1996)<ref name="AM discog">{{cite web|title=Mercer Ellington {{!}} Album Discography {{!}} AllMusic|url=http://www.allmusic.com/artist/mercer-ellington-mn0000405957/discography|website=AllMusic|accessdate=11 April 2017}}</ref>
* ''Only God Can Make a Tree'' (Musicmasters, 1996)<ref name="AM discog">{{cite web|title=Mercer Ellington {{!}} Album Discography {{!}} AllMusic|url=http://www.allmusic.com/artist/mercer-ellington-mn0000405957/discography|website=[[AllMusic]]|access-date=11 April 2017}}</ref>


===As arranger===
===As arranger===
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==External links==
==External links==
{{Commons category}}
{{Commons category}}
* [{{Allmusic|class=artist|id=p6455/biography|pure_url=yes}} Mercer Ellington] — brief biography by Scott Yanow, for Allmusic.
* [{{AllMusic|class=artist|id=p6455/biography|pure_url=yes}} Mercer Ellington] — brief biography by Scott Yanow, for Allmusic.
* {{Find a Grave|103076139}}


{{Duke Ellington}}
{{Duke Ellington}}
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[[Category:20th-century jazz composers]]
[[Category:20th-century jazz composers]]
[[Category:African-American jazz composers]]
[[Category:African-American jazz composers]]
⚫
[[Category:African-American jazz musicians]]
[[Category:American jazz bandleaders]]
[[Category:American jazz bandleaders]]
[[Category:American jazz trumpeters]]
[[Category:American jazz trumpeters]]
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[[Category:Swing trumpeters]]
[[Category:Swing trumpeters]]
[[Category:20th-century American composers]]
[[Category:20th-century American composers]]
[[Category:Male jazz composers]]
[[Category:American male jazz composers]]
[[Category:American jazz composers]]
[[Category:Musicians from Manhattan]]
[[Category:People from Harlem]]
⚫
[[Category:20th-century American male musicians]]
[[Category:Jazz musicians from New York (state)]]

Latest revision as of 05:52, 7 April 2024

Mercer Ellington
Ellington in concert at the University of Rochester, 1975, photo by Tom Marcello
Ellington in concert at the University of Rochester, 1975, photo by Tom Marcello
Background information
Birth nameMercer Kennedy Ellington
Born(1919-03-11)March 11, 1919
Washington, D.C., U.S.
DiedFebruary 8, 1996(1996-02-08) (aged 76)[1]
Copenhagen, Denmark
Genres
Occupations
  • Musician
  • composer
  • arranger
InstrumentTrumpet
Years active1939–1996

Mercer Kennedy Ellington[2] (March 11, 1919 – February 8, 1996) was an American musician, composer, and arranger. His father was Duke Ellington, whose band Mercer led for 20 years after his father's death.[3]

Biography

[edit]

Early life and education

[edit]

Ellington was born in Washington, D.C., United States.[3] He was the only child of the composer, pianist, and bandleader Duke Ellington and his high school sweetheart Edna Thompson (d. 1967), whom Duke married in 1918 and never divorced. Ellington grew up primarily in Harlem from the age of eight. By the age of eighteen, Ellington had written his first piece to be recorded by his father ("Pigeons and Peppers"). Ellington attended New College for the Education of Teachers at Columbia University, New York University and the Juilliard School.[3]

Career

[edit]

In 1939, 1959, and 1946 through 1949, Ellington led his own bands, many of whose members later performed with his father, or achieved a successful career in their own right (including Dizzy Gillespie, Kenny Dorham, Idrees Sulieman, Chico Hamilton, Charles Mingus, and Carmen McRae).[3] During the 1940s, in particular, Ellington wrote pieces that became standards, including "Things Ain't What They Used to Be", "Jumpin' Punkins", "Moon Mist", and "Blue Serge".[3] Ellington also wrote the lyrics to Hillis Walters' popular song, "Pass Me By" (1946), which was recorded by Lena Horne, Carmen McRae and Peggy Lee.

Ellington composed for his father from 1940 until 1941, and later worked as road manager for Cootie Williams' orchestra (1941 until 1943 and again in 1954). Ellington returned to work for his father playing alto horn in 1950, and then as general manager and copyist from 1955 until 1959.[3] In 1960, Ellington became Della Reese's musical director, then later went on take a job as a radio DJ in New York for three years beginning in 1962. In 1965, Ellington again returned to his father's orchestra, this time as trumpeter and road manager.[3] When his father died in 1974, Ellington took over the orchestra, traveling on tour to Europe in 1975 and 1977.[3] (His son Edward Ellington played in the band in the late 1970s. His son Paul Mercer Ellington took it over at a later date.) In the early 1980s, Ellington became the first conductor for a Broadway musical of his father's music, Sophisticated Ladies which ran from 1981 until 1983.[3] Mercer's Digital Duke won the 1988 Grammy Award for Best Large Jazz Ensemble Album. From 1982 until early 1990s, the Duke Ellington Orchestra included Barrie Lee Hall, Rocky White, Tommy James, Gregory Charles Royal, J.J. Wiggins, Onzy Matthews, and Shelly Carrol among others.

Death and legacy

[edit]

Ellington died of a heart attack on February 8, 1996, at age 76.[4] His daughter Mercedes Ellington is president of the Duke Ellington Center for the Arts.[5] After Ellington died, his son Paul became the executor of both his and the Duke Ellington estate[6][7] and kept the Duke Ellington Orchestra alive.[8] Ellington's eldest grandson, Edward Kennedy Ellington II, is also a musician and maintains a small salaried band known as the Duke Ellington Legacy, which frequently comprises the core of the big band operated by The Duke Ellington Center for the Arts.

Personal life

[edit]

His daughter Mercedes was born in 1939 to Ruth Batts. Ellington was married three times. His first marriage was to Evelyn Walker from 1942 until 1976, with whom he had two children: Gayl Ellington and Edward Ellington II.[9] Ellington's second marriage was to singer and actress Della Reese in April 1961. The marriage was later annulled in June of that year after it was determined Ellington's previous Mexican divorce was invalid.[10] His third marriage was to Lene Margrethe Scheid from 1978 until his death in 1996. Together, Ellington and Scheid had one child, Paul Ellington (b. 1979).[11]

Discography

[edit]

As leader

[edit]

As arranger

[edit]

With Clark Terry

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "OBITUARY:Mercer Ellington". The Independent. February 10, 1996. Archived from the original on May 12, 2022. Retrieved October 13, 2019.
  2. ^ "Mercer Ellington On Piano Jazz". Npr.org. Retrieved October 13, 2019.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i Colin Larkin, ed. (1997). The Virgin Encyclopedia of Popular Music (Concise ed.). Virgin Books. pp. 426/7. ISBN 1-85227-745-9.
  4. ^ Watrous, Peter. "Mercer Ellington, 76, Leader of Father's Band". The New York Times. February 10, 1996. Retrieved 2013-03-22.
  5. ^ Amra Alirejsovic (April 20, 2010). "Legacy of Duke Ellington Remembered". Voanews.com. Retrieved February 2, 2013.
  6. ^ "Duke Ellington Estate Welcome Video". Dukeellington.com.
  7. ^ "ExploreDance". Exploredance.com.
  8. ^ "The Duke Ellington Orchestra Booking Agent Info & Pricing | Private & Corporate Events - Booking Entertainment". Booking Entertainment Booking Agency. June 13, 2013.
  9. ^ "Mercer Ellington, Wife Hit A Sour Note And Separate". Google Books. Johnson Publishing. May 20, 1976. p. 28. Retrieved December 7, 2017.
  10. ^ Notable Black American Women, Book 2. VNR AG. 1996. p. 546. ISBN 9780810391772. Retrieved December 7, 2017.
  11. ^ "Stars Who Make Big Money After Death". Google Books. Johnson Publishing. June 23, 1997. p. 58. Retrieved December 7, 2017.
  12. ^ "Mercer Ellington | Album Discography | AllMusic". AllMusic. Retrieved April 11, 2017.
[edit]
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