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{{Infobox organization <!-- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Infobox_non-profit -->
test
| name = National Vaccine Information Center
| former name = Dissatisfied Parents Together (DPT)
| type = 501(c)3
| founded_date = 1982
| founder = Barbara Loe Fisher, Jeff Schwartz, Kathi Williams
| location = [[Vienna, Virginia]], U.S.
| mission = The National Vaccine Information Center (NVIC) states that it "is dedicated to the prevention of vaccine injuries and deaths through public education and to defending the [[informed consent]] ethic in medicine."
| non-profit_slogan = Your Health. Your Family. Your Choice.
| homepage = http://www.nvic.org/
}}

The '''National Vaccine Information Center''' (NVIC) is an [[anti-vaccinationism|anti-vaccination]]<ref name=specter/><ref name=ISM/> [[501(c) organization#501.28c.29.283.29|501(c) nonprofit]]<ref name=IRS_charity>[http://apps.irs.gov/app/eos/pub78Search.do?ein1=54-1951769&names=&city=&state=VA&country=US&deductibility=all&dispatchMethod=searchCharities&submitName=Search IRS Exempt Organizations Select Check]</ref> [[advocacy group]].<ref name="nyt">{{cite news | work = [[New York Times]] | title = Swine Flu Shots Revive a Debate About Vaccines | first = Jennifer | last = Steinhauer | date = October 15, 2009 | accessdate = April 17, 2010 | url = https://www.nytimes.com/2009/10/16/health/16vaccine.html}}</ref> The group was founded in 1982 by parents who blamed the DPT vaccine for the illness or death of a child<ref>http://www.nvic.org/about/notable-accomplishments-and-history.aspx</ref>.

==Background==
The National Vaccine Information Center was co-founded in 1982 by Jeff Schwartz, Barbara Loe Fisher (aka Barbara Loe Arthur),<ref name=Arthur>[http://dockets.justia.com/docket/virginia/vaedce/1:2009cv01398/249527/ Arthur v. Offit et al]. Barbara Loe Fisher used the name "Barbara Loe Arthur" in this lawsuit against [[Paul Offit]]. The case was dismissed.</ref> and Kathi Williams.<ref>[http://www.nvic.org/about/AnnualReport-FYE-2011.aspx NVIC 2011 Annual Report], page 3</ref> In 1985, Barbara Loe Fisher and Harris Coulter co-authored a book, ''DPT: A Shot in the Dark'', which asserted an [[correlation does not imply causation|association]] between whole cell [[pertussis]] (whooping cough) vaccine in the DPT shot and brain and [[immune system]] damage falsely believed by anti-vaccinationists to cause [[autism]].<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.cbsnews.com/news/to-vaccinate-or-not/ | title=To Vaccinate Or Not | work=CBS News | date=4 December 2002 | accessdate=16 November 2014 | author=Morales, Tatiana}}</ref>{{Citation needed||date=May 2017}}

In the early 1980s, NVIC co-founders joined with the American Academy of Pediatrics to draft the original legislation for the [[National Childhood Vaccine Injury Act]] of 1986,<ref>{{cite web
|title=Adverse Effects of Pertussis and Rubella Vaccines
|last = Committee to Review the Adverse Consequences of Pertussis and Rubella Vaccines, Institute of Medicine
|editor1-last = Howson
|editor1-first = Christopher P.
|editor2-last = Howe
|editor2-first = Cynthia J.
|editor3-last = Fineberg
|editor3-first = Harvey V.
|url=http://www.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=1815&page=324
|publisher=The National Academies Press
|location = Washington, DC
|year = 1991
|accessdate=29 August 2013
|page=324
|quote=The American Academy of Pediatrics and Dissatisfied Parents Together conduct more than 8 months of discussions to develop recommendations for a federal compensation program for children with vaccine-related illnesses and injuries
|isbn = 978-0309103688
}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last=Mariner|first=W K|title=The National Vaccine Injury Compensation Program|journal=Health Affairs|year=1992|volume=11|issue=1|page=257|doi=10.1377/hlthaff.11.1.255|url=http://content.healthaffairs.org/content/11/1/255|accessdate=30 August 2013|quote=Parents’ groups, notably Dissatisfied Parents Together (DPT), which joined with the American Academy of Pediatrics to draft the original legislation, believed that agencies within the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) were unsympathetic to compensating vaccine-related injuries.}}</ref> which created a federal [[vaccine injury]] compensation program, mandated that doctors give parents vaccine benefit and risk information, and required the recording and reporting of vaccine injuries and deaths (see [[Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System]]).

==Criticism==

[[Michael Specter]] has described the NVIC as:

: "... an organization that, based on its name, certainly sounds like a federal agency. Actually, it's just the opposite: the NVIC is the most powerful anti-vaccine organization in America, and its relationship with the U.S. government consists almost entirely of opposing federal efforts aimed at vaccinating children."<ref name=specter>{{Cite book | first = Michael | last = Specter | authorlink = Michael Specter | title = Denialism: How Irrational Thinking Hinders Scientific Progress, Harms the Planet, and Threatens Our Lives | page = 7 | quote = | year = 2009 | publisher = [[The Penguin Press]] | isbn = 978-1-59420-230-8}}</ref>

NVIC asserts that there has been inadequate research into the link between the rise in the number of children diagnosed with autism and mass-vaccination programs. There have, however, been a number of peer-reviewed studies and meta-analyses which have shown no correlation between vaccine administration and autism diagnosis.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Gerber|first1=Jeffrey S.|last2=Offit|first2=Paul A. |url=http://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/full/10.1086/596476 |title=Vaccines and Autism: A Tale of Shifting Hypotheses|year=2009|journal=Clin. Infect. Dis. |volume=48|issue=4|accessdate=May 20, 2015|pages=456–461 |doi=10.1086/596476 |pmid=19128068 |pmc=2908388}}</ref><ref>[http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/fulltext/121676290/HTMLSTART The Rise in Autism and the Mercury Myth. Lawrence Scahill, MSN, PhD and Karen Bearss, PhD]</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last=DeStefano|first=Frank|author2=Price, Christopher S. |author3=Weintraub, Eric S. |title=Increasing Exposure to Antibody-Stimulating Proteins and Polysaccharides in Vaccines Is Not Associated with Risk of Autism|journal=Journal of Pediatrics|date=1 April 2013|doi=10.1016/j.jpeds.2013.02.001|url=http://www.jpeds.com/article/S0022-3476%2813%2900144-3/fulltext|accessdate=11 April 2013|pmid=23545349|volume=163|issue=2|pages=561–7}}</ref>

The NVIC received criticism in April 2011 for ads that it placed on a [[jumbotron]] in [[Times Square]].<ref>[http://www.salon.com/life/feature/2011/04/25/vaccine_ad_times_sqaure_poprx The ad that could help fuel a health crisis], [[Salon.com]], April 25, 2011</ref><ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/science/blog/2011/apr/18/anti-vaccine-advertisement-times-square Doctors demand the removal of anti-vaccine ad from Times Square], ''The Guardian''</ref> The ads criticized childhood immunization and promoted an alternative medicine website. In a letter to CBS, the owner of the jumbotron, the [[American Academy of Pediatrics]] stated, "By providing advertising space to an organization like the NVIC . . . you are putting thousands of lives of children at risk."<ref>[http://www.ncahf.org/digest11/11-10.html Consumer Health Digest #11-10], National Council Against Health Fraud, April 28, 2011</ref>

Another controversial ad produced by NVIC and aired on some of the flights on [[Delta Air Lines]] regarding preventive measures for influenza prompted the president of the [[American Academy of Pediatrics]] to write a letter to the CEO of Delta on Nov 4, 2011 and urged Delta to 'remove these harmful messages'.<ref name=Herper>Herper, Matthew (November 7, 2011). [http://www.forbes.com/sites/matthewherper/2011/11/07/pediatricians-group-slams-delta-airlines-for-running-video-made-by-vaccine-skeptics/ "Pediatrician Group Slams Delta Airlines For Running Video Made By Vaccine Skeptics,"] ''[[Forbes]]''.</ref><ref name=Khan>Khan, Amina (November 16, 2011). [http://www.latimes.com/health/boostershots/la-heb-vaccine-delta-nvic-change-petition-autism-20111115,0,7909757.story "Pediatricians decry in-flight vaccine-questioning ad on Delta,"] ''[[Los Angeles Times]]''.</ref> An online petition is also set up to urge Delta to remove the ads.<ref name=Herper/><ref name=Khan/>

The refusal of Delta Air Lines to immediately stop showing the ad prompted the ''Institute for Science in Medicine'' to protest, calling the decision:

: "...indefensible from a public health perspective,..." and "The NVIC ad is, as one commentator aptly observed, a Trojan Horse. Delta passengers in November are being directed to the website of a prominent anti-vaccination organization, one that has tried to thwart national vaccine campaigns for three decades. Moreover, NVIC has the sort of name that sounds like a federal agency, one that passengers might mistake as a source of reliable information."<ref name=ISM>[http://scienceinmedicine.org/news/delta.html Delta’s Decision Doesn’t Fly with Us. Airline Continues to Show Anti-Vaccinationists’ Ad.] ''Institute for Science in Medicine'', Nov. 2011</ref>

==International Public Conference on Vaccination=={{Citations needed|date=May 2017}}
In 1997, the NVIC began hosting an anti-vaccine conference{{Citation needed|date=May 2017}}. The first such conference was held in [[Alexandria, Virginia]]{{Citation needed|date=May 2017}}. Some notable presenters at the conferences have been [[Mark Geier]], [[Andrew Wakefield]], [[Boyd Haley]], [[Robert Sears (physician)|Robert Sears]], [[Joseph Mercola]], [[Gary Null]], and [[Dan Olmsted]]{{Citation needed|date=May 2017}}. All of these people hold non-mainstream views toward vaccination. Most dispute large bodies of scientific research, while [[Mark Geier|Geier]] and [[Andrew Wakefield|Wakefield]] have lost their medical practice licenses.

==See also==

* [[List of vaccine topics]]

== References ==
{{reflist|30em}}

== External links ==
* {{Official website|http://www.nvic.org/}}
* [http://www.hrsa.gov/vaccinecompensation/table.htm National Childhood Vaccine Injury Act: Vaccine Injury Table], [[U.S. Department of Health and Human Services]]
* [http://www.cdc.gov/vaccinesafety/Vaccine_Monitoring/history.html History of Vaccine Safety] [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)]]
* [http://www.skepdic.com/fisherbl.html Barbara Loe Fisher at [[The Skeptic's Dictionary]]]

{{Vaccines}}

[[Category:Organizations established in 1982]]
[[Category:Autism-related organizations]]
[[Category:Health and disability rights organizations in the United States]]
[[Category:Vaccination-related organizations]]
[[Category:Anti-vaccination activists]]
[[Category:501(c)(3) nonprofit organizations]]
[[Category:Non-profit organizations based in Vienna, Virginia]]
[[Category:1982 establishments in Virginia]]
[[Category:Alternative medicine organisations]]

Revision as of 15:45, 20 May 2017

National Vaccine Information Center
Founded1982
FounderBarbara Loe Fisher, Jeff Schwartz, Kathi Williams
Type501(c)3
Location
Websitehttp://www.nvic.org/
Formerly called
Dissatisfied Parents Together (DPT)

The National Vaccine Information Center (NVIC) is an anti-vaccination[1][2] 501(c) nonprofit[3] advocacy group.[4] The group was founded in 1982 by parents who blamed the DPT vaccine for the illness or death of a child[5].

Background

The National Vaccine Information Center was co-founded in 1982 by Jeff Schwartz, Barbara Loe Fisher (aka Barbara Loe Arthur),[6] and Kathi Williams.[7] In 1985, Barbara Loe Fisher and Harris Coulter co-authored a book, DPT: A Shot in the Dark, which asserted an association between whole cell pertussis (whooping cough) vaccine in the DPT shot and brain and immune system damage falsely believed by anti-vaccinationists to cause autism.[8][citation needed]

In the early 1980s, NVIC co-founders joined with the American Academy of Pediatrics to draft the original legislation for the National Childhood Vaccine Injury Act of 1986,[9][10] which created a federal vaccine injury compensation program, mandated that doctors give parents vaccine benefit and risk information, and required the recording and reporting of vaccine injuries and deaths (see Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System).

Criticism

Michael Specter has described the NVIC as:

"... an organization that, based on its name, certainly sounds like a federal agency. Actually, it's just the opposite: the NVIC is the most powerful anti-vaccine organization in America, and its relationship with the U.S. government consists almost entirely of opposing federal efforts aimed at vaccinating children."[1]

NVIC asserts that there has been inadequate research into the link between the rise in the number of children diagnosed with autism and mass-vaccination programs. There have, however, been a number of peer-reviewed studies and meta-analyses which have shown no correlation between vaccine administration and autism diagnosis.[11][12][13]

The NVIC received criticism in April 2011 for ads that it placed on a jumbotron in Times Square.[14][15] The ads criticized childhood immunization and promoted an alternative medicine website. In a letter to CBS, the owner of the jumbotron, the American Academy of Pediatrics stated, "By providing advertising space to an organization like the NVIC . . . you are putting thousands of lives of children at risk."[16]

Another controversial ad produced by NVIC and aired on some of the flights on Delta Air Lines regarding preventive measures for influenza prompted the president of the American Academy of Pediatrics to write a letter to the CEO of Delta on Nov 4, 2011 and urged Delta to 'remove these harmful messages'.[17][18] An online petition is also set up to urge Delta to remove the ads.[17][18]

The refusal of Delta Air Lines to immediately stop showing the ad prompted the Institute for Science in Medicine to protest, calling the decision:

"...indefensible from a public health perspective,..." and "The NVIC ad is, as one commentator aptly observed, a Trojan Horse. Delta passengers in November are being directed to the website of a prominent anti-vaccination organization, one that has tried to thwart national vaccine campaigns for three decades. Moreover, NVIC has the sort of name that sounds like a federal agency, one that passengers might mistake as a source of reliable information."[2]

==International Public Conference on Vaccination==

In 1997, the NVIC began hosting an anti-vaccine conference[citation needed]. The first such conference was held in Alexandria, Virginia[citation needed]. Some notable presenters at the conferences have been Mark Geier, Andrew Wakefield, Boyd Haley, Robert Sears, Joseph Mercola, Gary Null, and Dan Olmsted[citation needed]. All of these people hold non-mainstream views toward vaccination. Most dispute large bodies of scientific research, while Geier and Wakefield have lost their medical practice licenses.

See also

References

  1. ^ a b Specter, Michael (2009). Denialism: How Irrational Thinking Hinders Scientific Progress, Harms the Planet, and Threatens Our Lives. The Penguin Press. p. 7. ISBN 978-1-59420-230-8.
  2. ^ a b Delta’s Decision Doesn’t Fly with Us. Airline Continues to Show Anti-Vaccinationists’ Ad. Institute for Science in Medicine, Nov. 2011
  3. ^ IRS Exempt Organizations Select Check
  4. ^ Steinhauer, Jennifer (October 15, 2009). "Swine Flu Shots Revive a Debate About Vaccines". New York Times. Retrieved April 17, 2010.
  5. ^ http://www.nvic.org/about/notable-accomplishments-and-history.aspx
  6. ^ Arthur v. Offit et al. Barbara Loe Fisher used the name "Barbara Loe Arthur" in this lawsuit against Paul Offit. The case was dismissed.
  7. ^ NVIC 2011 Annual Report, page 3
  8. ^ Morales, Tatiana (4 December 2002). "To Vaccinate Or Not". CBS News. Retrieved 16 November 2014.
  9. ^ Committee to Review the Adverse Consequences of Pertussis and Rubella Vaccines, Institute of Medicine (1991). Howson, Christopher P.; Howe, Cynthia J.; Fineberg, Harvey V. (eds.). "Adverse Effects of Pertussis and Rubella Vaccines". Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. p. 324. ISBN 978-0309103688. Retrieved 29 August 2013. The American Academy of Pediatrics and Dissatisfied Parents Together conduct more than 8 months of discussions to develop recommendations for a federal compensation program for children with vaccine-related illnesses and injuries
  10. ^ Mariner, W K (1992). "The National Vaccine Injury Compensation Program". Health Affairs. 11 (1): 257. doi:10.1377/hlthaff.11.1.255. Retrieved 30 August 2013. Parents' groups, notably Dissatisfied Parents Together (DPT), which joined with the American Academy of Pediatrics to draft the original legislation, believed that agencies within the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) were unsympathetic to compensating vaccine-related injuries.
  11. ^ Gerber, Jeffrey S.; Offit, Paul A. (2009). "Vaccines and Autism: A Tale of Shifting Hypotheses". Clin. Infect. Dis. 48 (4): 456–461. doi:10.1086/596476. PMC 2908388. PMID 19128068. Retrieved May 20, 2015.
  12. ^ The Rise in Autism and the Mercury Myth. Lawrence Scahill, MSN, PhD and Karen Bearss, PhD
  13. ^ DeStefano, Frank; Price, Christopher S.; Weintraub, Eric S. (1 April 2013). "Increasing Exposure to Antibody-Stimulating Proteins and Polysaccharides in Vaccines Is Not Associated with Risk of Autism". Journal of Pediatrics. 163 (2): 561–7. doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2013.02.001. PMID 23545349. Retrieved 11 April 2013.
  14. ^ The ad that could help fuel a health crisis, Salon.com, April 25, 2011
  15. ^ Doctors demand the removal of anti-vaccine ad from Times Square, The Guardian
  16. ^ Consumer Health Digest #11-10, National Council Against Health Fraud, April 28, 2011
  17. ^ a b Herper, Matthew (November 7, 2011). "Pediatrician Group Slams Delta Airlines For Running Video Made By Vaccine Skeptics," Forbes.
  18. ^ a b Khan, Amina (November 16, 2011). "Pediatricians decry in-flight vaccine-questioning ad on Delta," Los Angeles Times.
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