Wikipedia:Selected anniversaries/December 13: Difference between revisions

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This is a list of selected December 13 anniversaries that appear in the "On this day" section of the Main Page. To suggest a new item, in most cases, you can be bold and edit this page. Please read the selected anniversaries guidelines before making your edit. However, if your addition might be controversial or on a day that is or will soon be on the Main Page, please post your suggestion on the talk page instead.

Please note that the events listed on the Main Page are chosen based more on relative article quality and to maintain a mix of topics, not based solely on how important or significant their subjects are. Only four to five events are posted at a time and thus not everything that is "most important and significant" can be listed. In addition, an event is generally not posted this year if it is also the subject of the scheduled featured article, featured list or picture of the day.

To report an error when this appears on the Main Page, see Main Page errors. Please remember that this list defers to the supporting articles, so it is best to achieve consensus and make any necessary changes there first.

← December 12	December 14 →

Staging area

Images

Use only ONE image at a time

Pope Paul III
George Gershwin
The Sherman Fairchild Sciences complex at Dartmouth College
Ambrose Burnside
Baiji, or Chinese River Dolphin
Saddam Hussein captured by U.S. forces
William Waller
The Army of the Potomac crossing the Rappahannock during the Battle of Fredericksburg
Baker-Berry Library, Dartmouth College
Haile Selassie
Wojciech Jaruzelski

Ineligible

Blurb	Reason
; Saint Lucy's Day in Italy and Scandinavia	refimprove section
Republic Day in Malta (1974)	refimprove section
1545 – The Council of Trent, an ecumenical council convoked by Pope Paul III in response to the growth of Protestantism, opened in Trent, Bishopric of Trent (now in modern Italy).	refimprove
1577 – Sir Francis Drake left Plymouth, England, with five ships and 164 men on his round-the-world voyage.	unreferenced section
1636 – The Massachusetts Bay Colony organized three militia units, an act considered to be the founding of the United States National Guard.	refimprove section
1642 – Dutch explorer Abel Tasman became the first European explorer to see New Zealand.	featured on November 24
1758 – While transporting Acadians from Prince Edward Island to France, the Duke William sank in the North Atlantic with the loss of over 360 lives, one of the greatest marine disasters in Canadian history.	refimprove section
1939 – Second World War: The Royal Navy cruisers HMS Exeter, HMS Ajax and HMNZS Achilles defeated the German Deutschland class cruiser Admiral Graf Spee off the estuary of the River Plate off the coast of Argentina and Uruguay.	refimprove section, outdated
1974 – Vietnam War: North Vietnamese forces launched the Spring Offensive, which culminated in the collapse of South Vietnam five months later.	CN tags
1982 – An earthquake registering 6.2 M_w struck North Yemen, killing about 2,800 people.	Date not cited
2003 – Post-invasion Iraq: During Operation Red Dawn, American forces found former Iraqi President Saddam Hussein hiding in a spider hole and captured him.	refimprove
2006 – The baiji, a freshwater dolphin found only in the Yangtze River in China, was announced as functionally extinct by leaders of the Yangtze Freshwater Dolphin Expedition.	refimprove section
Samuel Johnson \|d\|1784\|	refimprove section (list of works)
Heinrich Heine \|b\|1797\|	Orange banner lede too short

Eligible

1643 – First English Civil War: Roundhead forces under Sir William Waller led a successful surprise attack in Hampshire on a winter garrison of Cavalier infantry and cavalry.
1769 – Dartmouth College was established by royal charter in present-day Hanover, New Hampshire.
1862 – American Civil War: Union forces under Ambrose Burnside suffered severe casualties against entrenched Confederate defenders at the Battle of Fredericksburg in Virginia.
1937 – Second Sino-Japanese War: Japanese forces, capturing the Chinese city of Nanjing, began committing numerous atrocities over the next several weeks, including looting, rape and the execution of prisoners of war and civilians.
1960 – With Haile Selassie, Emperor of Ethiopia, out of the country, four conspirators staged a coup attempt to install Crown Prince Asfaw Wossen on the throne.
1981 – Polish prime minister Wojciech Jaruzelski (pictured) declared martial law.
1989 – The Troubles: The Provisional Irish Republican Army engaged in a fierce firefight with the King's Own Scottish Borderers at a vehicle checkpoint complex in County Fermanagh, Northern Ireland.
2011 – A man threw grenades and fired a rifle at crowds in Liège, Belgium, causing 6 deaths and injuring more than 120 others, before killing himself.
Born/died: | Pope Callixtus II |d|1124| Paul Speratus |b|1484| Ana Néri |b|1814| Mary Todd Lincoln |b|1818| Emily Carr |b|1871| Hans-Joachim Marseille |b|1919 | Taylor Swift |b|1989| Jill Craigie |d|1999

Notes

University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill appears on December 11, so Dartmouth should not appear in the same year

December 13: Nanjing Massacre Memorial Day in China (1937)

Beyoncé

1809 – Napoleonic Wars: While transporting supplies to Guadeloupe, French commodore François Roquebert's expedition to the Caribbean captured the British frigate HMS Junon.
1928 – An American in Paris, a jazz-influenced orchestral piece by George Gershwin, premiered at Carnegie Hall in New York.
1991 – Croatian War of Independence: The Croatian Army retreated after the failure of Operation Whirlwind, destroying their tanks to avoid their capture.
2013 – Beyoncé (pictured) released her fifth studio album without any prior announcement or promotion; it sold 2.3 million copies before the end of the year.

Francesco Bianchini (b. 1662)
Athanasios Rhousopoulos (d. 1898)
Larry Doby (b. 1923)
Dora Marsden (d. 1960)

More anniversaries:

@@ Line 5: / Line 5: @@
 <gallery>
 File:Tizian (Schule) 001c.jpg|Pope Paul III
+File:George Gershwin 1937.jpg|George Gershwin
-File:Dartmouth College Baker building.jpg|Baker Building at Dartmouth College
 File:Dartmouth College campus 2007-10-20 09.JPG|The Sherman Fairchild Sciences complex at Dartmouth College
 File:Ambrose Everett Burnside.jpg|Ambrose Burnside
 File:Lipotes vexillifer.png|Baiji, or Chinese River Dolphin
 File:SaddamSpiderHole.jpg|Saddam Hussein captured by U.S. forces
+File:WilliamWaller.jpg|William Waller
 File:Battle of Fredericksburg, Dec 13, 1862.png|The Army of the Potomac crossing the Rappahannock during the Battle of Fredericksburg
+File:Dartmouth College Baker building.jpg|[[Baker-Berry Library]], Dartmouth College
+File:Selassie restored.jpg|Haile Selassie
+File:Wojciech Jaruzelski.jpg|Wojciech Jaruzelski
 </gallery>
@@ Line 19: / Line 23: @@
 !Reason
 |-
+| ; '''[[Saint Lucy's Day]]''' in Italy and Scandinavia
-|  [[1939]] – [[Second World War]]: The [[Royal Navy]] cruisers [[HMS Exeter (68)|HMS ''Exeter'']], [[HMS Ajax (22)|HMS ''Ajax'']] and [[HMNZS Achilles (70)|HMNZS ''Achilles'']] '''[[Battle of the River Plate|defeated]]''' the [[Nazi Germany|German]] [[Deutschland class cruiser]] ''[[German pocket battleship Admiral Graf Spee|Admiral Graf Spee]]'' off the estuary of the [[Río de la Plata|River Plate]] off the coast of Argentina and Uruguay.
+| refimprove section
-|  needs more footnotes
 |-
+| [[Republic Day]] in '''[[Malta]]''' ([[1974]])
-| [[2003]] – [[Post-invasion Iraq, 2003–present|Post-invasion Iraq]]: During '''[[Operation Red Dawn]]''', American forces found former [[President of Iraq|Iraqi President]] [[Saddam Hussein]] hiding in a [[spider hole]] and captured him.
-|  {{tl|empty section}} and {{tl|quote farm}}
+| refimprove section
 |-
+| [[1545]] – The '''[[Council of Trent]]''', an [[ecumenical council]] convoked by [[Pope Paul III|Pope {{nowrap|Paul III}}]] [[Counter-Reformation|in response to]] the growth of [[Protestantism]], opened in [[Trento|Trent]], [[Bishopric of Trent]] (now in modern Italy).
-|  [[1642]] – Dutch explorer '''[[Abel Tasman]]''' became the first European explorer to see New Zealand.
+| refimprove
-|  already used on Nov24th
+|-
+| [[1577]] – Sir '''[[Francis Drake]]''' left [[Plymouth]], England, with five ships and 164 men on his round-the-world voyage.
+| unreferenced section
+|-
+| [[1636]] – The [[Massachusetts Bay Colony]] organized three [[militia (United States)|militia]] units, an act considered to be the founding of the '''[[United States National Guard]]'''.
+| refimprove section
+|-
+| [[1642]] – Dutch explorer '''[[Abel Tasman]]''' became the first European explorer to see New Zealand.
+| featured on [[Wikipedia:Selected anniversaries/November 24|November 24]]
+|-
+| [[1758]] – While transporting [[Acadians]] from [[Prince Edward Island]] to France, the '''''[[Duke William (ship)|Duke William]]''''' sank in the North Atlantic with the loss of over 360 lives, one of the greatest marine disasters in Canadian history.
+| refimprove section
+|-
+| [[1939]] – [[World War II|Second World War]]: The [[Royal Navy]] cruisers [[HMS Exeter (68)|HMS ''Exeter'']], [[HMS Ajax (22)|HMS ''Ajax'']] and [[HMNZS Achilles (70)|HMNZS ''Achilles'']] '''[[Battle of the River Plate|defeated]]''' the German [[Deutschland class cruiser]] ''[[German pocket battleship Admiral Graf Spee|Admiral Graf Spee]]'' off the estuary of the [[Río de la Plata|River Plate]] off the coast of Argentina and Uruguay.
+| refimprove section, outdated
+|-
+| [[1974]] – [[Vietnam War]]: [[North Vietnam]]ese forces launched the '''[[1975 Spring Offensive|Spring Offensive]]''', which culminated in the [[Fall of Saigon|collapse of South Vietnam]] five months later.
+| CN tags
+|-
+| [[1982]] – '''[[1982 North Yemen earthquake|An earthquake]]''' registering 6.2&nbsp;[[Moment magnitude scale|M<sub>w</sub>]] struck [[Yemen Arab Republic|North Yemen]], killing about 2,800 people.
+| Date not cited
+|-
+| [[2003]] – [[History of Iraq (2003–2011)|Post-invasion Iraq]]: During '''[[Operation Red Dawn]]''', American forces found former Iraqi President [[Saddam Hussein]] hiding in a [[spider hole]] and captured him.
+| refimprove
+|-
+| [[2006]] – The '''[[baiji]]''', a [[River dolphin|freshwater dolphin]] found only in the [[Yangtze River]] in China, was announced as [[Functional extinction|functionally extinct]] by leaders of the [[Yangtze Freshwater Dolphin Expedition 2006|Yangtze Freshwater Dolphin Expedition]].
+| refimprove section
+|-
+| '''[[Samuel Johnson]]'''<!--English writer--> |d|1784|
+| refimprove section (list of works)
+|-
+| '''[[Heinrich Heine]]'''<!--German poet--> |b|1797|
+| Orange banner lede too short
 |}
 ==Eligible==
+* [[1643]] – [[First English Civil War]]: [[Roundhead]] forces under [[William Waller|Sir William Waller]] led '''[[Battle of Alton|a successful surprise attack]]''' in [[Hampshire]] on a winter garrison of [[Cavalier]] infantry and cavalry.
-{{*mp}} [[1545]] – The '''[[Council of Trent]]''', an [[ecumenical council]] convoked by [[Pope Paul&nbsp;III]] [[Counter-Reformation|in response to]] the growth of [[Protestantism]], opened in [[Trento|Trent]], [[Bishopric of Trent]] (now in modern Italy).
+* [[1769]] – '''[[Dartmouth College]]'''<!-- ''(building pictured)''--> was established by [[royal charter]] in present-day [[Hanover, New Hampshire]].
-{{*mp}} [[1577]] – Sir '''[[Francis Drake]]''' left [[Plymouth]], England, with five ships and 164 men on his round-the-world voyage.
+* [[1862]] – [[American Civil War]]: [[Union Army|Union forces]] under [[Ambrose Burnside]] suffered severe casualties against entrenched [[Confederate States Army|Confederate defenders]] at the '''[[Battle of Fredericksburg]]''' in Virginia.
-{{*mp}} [[1769]] – '''[[Dartmouth College]]''' in present-day [[Hanover, New Hampshire]], US, was established by a [[Royal Charter]] and became the last university founded in the [[Thirteen Colonies]] before the [[American Revolution]].
+* [[1937]] – [[Second Sino-Japanese War]]: Japanese forces, '''[[Battle of Nanking|capturing the Chinese city]]''' of [[Nanjing]], began committing [[Nanjing Massacre|numerous atrocities]]<!--Not bolded, tagged with multiple issues--> over the next several weeks, including looting, rape and the execution of prisoners of war and civilians.
-{{*mp}} [[1862]] – [[American Civil War]]: [[Union Army|Union forces]] under [[Major General|Maj. Gen.]] [[Ambrose Burnside]] suffered severe casualties against entrenched [[Confederate States of America|Confederate]] defenders at the '''[[Battle of Fredericksburg]]''' in [[Fredericksburg, Virginia]].
+* [[1960]] – With [[Haile Selassie]]<!-- ''(pictured)''-->, [[Emperor of Ethiopia]], out of the country, four conspirators staged '''[[1960 Ethiopian coup attempt|a coup attempt]]''' to install Crown Prince [[Amha Selassie|Asfaw Wossen]] on the throne.
-{{*mp}} [[2001]] – The [[Parliament of India]] was '''[[2001 Indian Parliament attack|attacked]]''' by five gunmen, resulting in 15 deaths, including those of the perpetrators.
+* [[1981]] – Polish prime minister [[Wojciech Jaruzelski]]<!--not bold, refimprove section--> ''(pictured)'' '''[[Martial law in Poland|declared martial law]]'''.
-{{*mp}} [[2006]] – The '''[[Baiji]]''', a [[River dolphin|freshwater dolphin]] found only in the [[Yangtze River]] in China, was announced as [[Functional extinction|functionally extinct]] by leaders of the [[Yangtze Freshwater Dolphin Expedition 2006|Yangtze Freshwater Dolphin Expedition]].
+* [[1989]] – [[The Troubles]]: The [[Provisional Irish Republican Army]] engaged in '''[[Attack on Derryard checkpoint|a fierce firefight]]''' with the [[King's Own Scottish Borderers]] at a vehicle checkpoint complex in [[County Fermanagh]], Northern Ireland.
+* [[2011]] – A man '''[[2011 Liège attack|threw grenades and fired a rifle]]''' at crowds in [[Liège]], Belgium, causing 6 deaths and injuring more than 120 others, before killing himself.
+* Born/died: | '''[[Pope Callixtus II|Pope Callixtus&nbsp;II]]'''<!--French--> |d|1124| '''[[Paul Speratus]]'''<!--German priest--> |b|1484| '''[[Ana Néri]]'''<!--Brazilian nurse--> |b|1814| '''[[Mary Todd Lincoln]]'''<!--First Lady of the US--> |b|1818|   '''[[Emily Carr]]'''<!--Canadian painter--> |b|1871| '''[[Hans-Joachim Marseille]]'''<!--German fighter pilot--> |b|1919 |  '''[[Taylor Swift]]'''<!--American singer--> |b|1989| '''[[Jill Craigie]]'''<!--English filmmaker--> |d|1999
+==Notes==
+* [[University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill]] appears on [[Selected anniversaries/December 11|December 11]], so Dartmouth should not appear in the same year
 {{divhide|end}}
 </noinclude>
-'''[[December 13]]''': '''[[Saint Lucy's Day]]'''; [[Republic Day]] in '''[[Malta]]''' ([[1974]])
+'''[[December 13]]''': '''[[Nanjing Massacre Memorial Day]]''' in China ([[1937]])
+{{main page image/OTD|File:Beyoncé - Tottenham Hotspur Stadium - 1st June 2023 (2 of 118) (52946288505) (cropped).jpg|Beyoncé}}
-<div style="float:right;margin-left:0.5em;">
+* [[1809]] – [[Napoleonic Wars]]: While transporting supplies to [[Guadeloupe]], French commodore '''[[Roquebert's expedition to the Caribbean|François Roquebert's expedition to the Caribbean]]''' captured the British frigate '''[[French frigate Junon (1806)|HMS&nbsp;''Junon'']]'''.
-[[File:Wojciech Jaruzelski.jpg|Wojciech Jaruzelski|100x100px]]
+* [[1928]] – '''''[[An American in Paris]]''''', a [[jazz]]-influenced orchestral piece by [[George Gershwin]]<!-- ''(pictured)''-->, premiered at [[Carnegie Hall]] in New York.
-</div>
+* [[1991]] – [[Croatian War of Independence]]: The [[Croatian Army]] retreated after the failure of '''[[Operation Whirlwind]]''', destroying their tanks to avoid their capture.
-{{*mp}} [[1643]] – [[First English Civil War]]: [[Roundheads|Parliamentary]] forces serving under Sir [[William Waller]] led a successful '''[[Battle of Alton|surprise attack]]''' on a winter garrison of [[Cavalier|Royalist]] infantry and cavalry.
+* [[2013]] – '''[[Beyoncé]]''' ''(pictured)'' released '''[[Beyoncé (album)|her fifth studio album]]''' without any prior announcement or promotion; it sold 2.3&nbsp;million copies before the end of the year.
-{{*mp}} [[1809]] – American physician '''[[Ephraim McDowell]]''' performed the world's first removal of an [[ovary|ovarian]] tumor.
+{{Born and died list| '''[[Francesco Bianchini]]'''<!--Italian philosopher--> |b|1662| '''[[Athanasios Rhousopoulos]]'''<!--Greek architect--> |d|1898| '''[[Larry Doby]]'''<!--American baseball player--> |b|1923|  '''[[Dora Marsden]]'''<!--English suffragette--> |d|1960| }}
-{{*mp}} [[1937]] – [[Second Sino-Japanese War]]: [[Imperial Japanese Army|Japanese forces]] [[Battle of Nanking|captured Nanjing]]<!--not bold, refimprove section--> in China and then began to commit '''[[Nanking Massacre|numerous atrocities]]''' over the next several weeks.
+{{SelAnnivFooter|Month=December|Day=13}}
-{{*mp}} [[1960]] – With [[Emperor of Ethiopia]] [[Haile Selassie I|Haile Selassie]] out of the country, four conspirators staged a '''[[1960 Ethiopian coup attempt|coup attempt]]''' and installed [[Amha Selassie of Ethiopia|Crown Prince Asfaw Wossen]] as the new Emperor.
-{{*mp}} [[1981]] – [[Prime Minister of the Republic of Poland|Polish Prime Minister]] '''[[Wojciech Jaruzelski]]''' ''(pictured)'' declared [[martial law in Poland|martial law]]<!--Not bolded, tagged with {{tl|expand}}-->, suspended [[Solidarity (Polish trade union)|Solidarity]] and imprisoned many union leaders.
-</li>
-{{SelAnnivFooter|Month=December|Day=13}}<noinclude>
-[[af:Wikipedia:Uitgesoekte herdenkings/13 Desember]]
-[[ast:Plantía:Efemérides - 13 avientu]]
-[[bs:Šablon:Na današnji dan/13. decembar]]
-[[bg:Шаблон:Начална страница 13 декември]]
-[[ca:Plantilla:Desembre 13]]
-[[cs:Wikipedie:Vybraná výročí dne/13. prosinec]]
-[[da:Wikipedia:Årets dage kort/13. december]]
-[[de:Wikipedia:Hauptseite/Jahrestage/Dezember/13]]
-[[el:Πύλη:Κύρια/Επιλεγμένα Γεγονότα/13 Δεκεμβρίου]]
-[[es:Plantilla:Efemérides - 13 de diciembre]]
-[[eu:Txantiloi:Abendua 13]]
-[[fa:ویکی‌پدیا:یادبودهای برگزیده/۱۳ دسامبر]]
-[[ga:Vicipéid:Laethanta roghnaithe/13 Mí na Nollag]]
-[[gl:Wikipedia:Efemérides destacadas/13 de decembro]]
-[[gan:Wikipedia:許年今日/十二月十三號]]
-[[ko:위키백과:오늘의 역사/12월 13일]]
-[[hr:Wikipedija:Izabrane godišnjice/13. prosinca]]
-[[it:Template:PaginaPrincipale/Attualita/13 dicembre]]
-[[he:תבנית:היום בהיסטוריה 13 בדצמבר]]
-[[ka:თარგი:დღის მოვლენები:12-13]]
-[[lt:Šablonas:Gruodžio 13 dienos įvykiai]]
-[[ms:Wikipedia:Hari ulang tahun pilihan/13 Disember]]
-[[nl:Sjabloon:Geschiedenis 13 december]]
-[[no:Mal:Desember 13]]
-[[pl:Szablon:Rocznice 13 grudnia]]
-[[pt:Wikipedia:Efemérides/13 de dezembro]]
-[[ro:Format:Aniversările zilei/13 decembrie]]
-[[ru:Шаблон:События дня:12-13]]
-[[sl:Wikipedija:Izbrane obletnice/13. december]]
-[[sr:Шаблон:Догодило се на данашњи дан/13. децембар]]
-[[fi:Malline:13. joulukuuta]]
-[[sv:Mall:13 december]]
-[[ta:விக்கிப்பீடியா:ஆண்டு நிறைவுகள்/திசம்பர் 13]]
-[[tt:Үрнәк:13/12 könenä küzätü]]
-[[th:วิกิพีเดีย:วันนี้ในอดีต/13 ธันวาคม]]
-[[tr:Vikipedi:Tarihte bugün/13 Aralık]]
-[[uk:Вікіпедія:Проект:Цей день в історії/13 грудня]]
-[[zh-yue:Wikipedia:當年今日/12月13號]]
-[[zh:Wikipedia:历史上的今天/12月13日]]
-</noinclude>