Wikipedia:Selected anniversaries/July 20

This is a list of selected July 20 anniversaries that appear in the "On this day" section of the Main Page. To suggest a new item, in most cases, you can be bold and edit this page. Please read the selected anniversaries guidelines before making your edit. However, if your addition might be controversial or on a day that is or will soon be on the Main Page, please post your suggestion on the talk page instead.

Please note that the events listed on the Main Page are chosen based more on relative article quality and to maintain a mix of topics, not based solely on how important or significant their subjects are. Only four to five events are posted at a time and thus not everything that is "most important and significant" can be listed. In addition, an event is generally not posted this year if it is also the subject of the scheduled featured article or picture of the day.

To report an error when this appears on the Main Page, see Main Page errors. Please remember that this list defers to the supporting articles, so it is best to achieve consensus and make any necessary changes there first.

← July 19	July 21 →

Staging area

Images

Use only ONE image at a time

• 
  A medieval depiction of Edward III at the Siege of Berwick
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  Map of the Japanese capture of Pyongyang and the Korean and Chinese counter-attacks
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  Japanese landing on Busan, Korea
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  Buzz Aldrin's bootprint on the moon
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  Buzz Aldrin on the moon, with Neil Armstrong reflected in his helmet
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  Wilhelm von Tegetthoff
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  Viking 1 lander replica
• Claus von Stauffenberg
  Claus von Stauffenberg
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  Destroyed 'Wolf's Lair' conference room
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  Memorial plaque in Berlin
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  The Niépce brothers' Pyréolophore
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  Special Olympics athletes in 2013

Ineligible

Blurb	Reason
1402 – Forces under Timur defeated the Ottomans in the Battle of Ankara and captured Sultan Bayezid I.	needs more footnotes
1592 – During the Japanese invasion of Korea, Japanese forces led by Toyotomi Hideyoshi captured Pyongyang, although they were ultimately unable to hold it.	unreferenced section
1866 – Third Italian War of Independence: The Austrian Navy led by Wilhelm von Tegetthoff defeated a much larger Italian fleet at the Battle of Lissa on the Adriatic Sea near present-day Vis, Croatia.	needs more footnotes
1927 – Five-year-old Michael became the last King of Romania upon the death of his grandfather Ferdinand.	featured on December 30
1936 – The Montreux Convention Regarding the Regime of the Straits was signed in Montreux, Switzerland, allowing Turkey to fortify the Dardanelles and the Bosphorus but guaranteeing free passage to ships of all nations in peacetime.	refimprove section
1944 – Adolf Hitler survived an assassination attempt by German Resistance member Claus von Stauffenberg, who hid a bomb inside a briefcase during a conference at the Wolfsschanze military headquarters in East Prussia.	unreferenced section
1951 – Abdullah I of Jordan was assassinated while visiting Al-Aqsa Mosque in Jerusalem by a Palestinian gunman who feared he might make peace with Israel.	appears on May 25
1969 – The Apollo 11 lunar module landed on the Sea of Tranquillity, where Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin became the first men to walk on the moon six-and-a-half hours later.	TFA for 2020
1987 – United Nations Security Council Resolution 598 was adopted, calling for an immediate ceasefire in the Iran–Iraq War.	short
1992 – Czechoslovak president Václav Havel resigned, saying that he would not preside over the country's breakup.	refimprove sections
2005 – The Civil Marriage Act received its royal assent, legalizing same-sex marriage in Canada.	refimprove section

Eligible

• 792 – Byzantine–Bulgarian wars: Bulgarian forces under Kardam routed the Byzantines, forcing them to retreat to Constantinople.
• 1779 – Tekle Giyorgis I began the first of his six reigns as Emperor of Ethiopia.
• 1968 – The first Special Olympics games were held at Soldier Field in Chicago, Illinois, U.S.
• 1976 – The Viking 1 lander became the first spacecraft to successfully land on Mars and perform its mission.
• 1977 – Rain from a stalled thunderstorm caused six dams to fail, flooding Johnstown, Pennsylvania, resulting in 84 deaths and $340 in damages.
• 1982 – Members of the Provisional Irish Republican Army detonated two bombs in Hyde Park and Regent's Park in London, killing 11 people, 7 horses, and wounding over 50 other people.
• 1997 – After being fully restored, USS Constitution, one of the United States Navy's first ships, sailed for the first time in 116 years.
• 1999 – The Chinese government began a persecution campaign against Falun Gong, arresting thousands nationwide.
• 2001 – Twenty-three-year-old Italian anti-globalist Carlo Giuliani was shot dead by a police officer while protesting during the 27th G8 summit in Genoa, Italy.
• 2012 – A gunman opened fire at a movie theater in Aurora, Colorado, killing 12 people and injuring 58 others.
• Born/died this day: Alexander the Great (b. 356 BC) | Ibn Muqla (d. 940) | Gregor Mendel (b. 1822) | Miron Cristea (b. 1868) | Tom Crean (b. 1877) | Maurice Leyland (b. 1900) | Heather Chasen (b. 1927) | Chris Cornell (b. 1964) | Amanda Clement (d. 1971)

Notes

• Neil Armstrong/Buzz Aldrin featured on July 21, so Apollo 11 should not be used in the same year
• Battle of Halidon Hill appears on July 19, so Siege of Berwick (1333) should not be used in the same year

July 20

Arroyo Seco Parkway

• 1333 – The Scottish-held town of Berwick-upon-Tweed surrenders, after about a hundred Scottish prisoners are executed, ending Siege of Berwick by Edward III of England.
• 1807 – French brothers Claude and Nicéphore Niépce received a patent for their Pyréolophore, one of the world's first internal combustion engines.
• 1922 – The German protectorate of Togoland was divided into the League of Nations mandates of French Togoland and British Togoland.
• 1940 – The Arroyo Seco Parkway (pictured), one of the first freeways built in the United States, opened to traffic, connecting downtown Los Angeles with Pasadena, California.
• 2015 – A suicide attack in the Suruç district of Turkey claimed the lives of 34 people and injured 104 others.

• Thomas Randolph, 1st Earl of Moray (d. 1332)
• Peregrine White (d. 1704)
• Gisele Bündchen (b. 1980)

More anniversaries:

• July 19
• July 20
• July 21